Dieulafoy病内镜下钛夹止血的临床观察(附16例报道)

目的 观察Dieulafoy病内镜下钛夹止血的临床效果. 方法 对16例Dieulafoy病患者在内镜下确诊后即行钛夹止血. 结果 所有病例均在内镜下钛夹止血,一次成功.平均随访300天,无一例复发. 结论 内镜下钛夹止血治疗Dieulafoy病疗效确切,组织损伤小,复发率低,值得开展.     

Heavy metals and PAHs in sewage sludge from twelve wastewater treatment plants in Zhejiang province

Objective To investigate the heavy metals （HMs） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in sludge of twelve wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） in Zhejiang province of China, and to assess their potential for land application. Methods Sludge was collected from 12 WWTPs within the province. GC-MS and AAS were used to measure PAHs and HMs contents in sludge. Results Concentrations of HMs in most of the sludge samples were below the regulatory limits for the sludge to be used in agriculture in China with the exception of Zn in 2 sludge samples and Cd in 1 sample. All 16 PAHs, targeted by the USEPA agency, were found in the sludge from the twelve plants with a total concentration ranging from 33.73 mg kg^-1 to 82.58 mg kg^-1 （dry weight, d.w.）. The levels of Σ9 PAHs varied from 13.87 mg kg^-1 to 61.86 mg kg^-1 （d.w.） in the sludge, far exceeding the limitation value recommended by the Europe Union. The concentration and composition of PAHs in sewage sludge varied and depended mainly on the quantity and type of industrial wastewater accepted by the WWTPs. A significant relationship between the proportion of industrial wastewater received by WWTPs and the total content of 16 PAHs in the sludge was observed. Conclusion PAHs have become one of the primary pollutants in sludge of Zhejiang WWTPs instead of HMs. It is, therefore, essential to reduce the contents of PAHs before the sludge can be used in agriculture through proper treatment.     

ⅠB、ⅡB族金属元素硫化物纳米微粒的光谱研究

目的建立相应痕量金属离子的分析测定方法。方法在TritonX-100存在条件下，用铅作为比较元素，研究ⅠB、ⅡB族金属元素（M）硫化物纳米微粒液相稳定体系吸收光谱、散射光谱的特性和变化规律。结果在一定浓度范围内，不同的MS体系的光散射种类不同：CuS、ZnS和CdS产生弱的Rayleigh光散射；Ag，S和PbS产生强烈的共振Rayleigh光散射；与其它性质一样，液相难溶性MS纳米粒子的光散射特性反映了MS的理化特性，散射光强度与M自身电子结构、电负性、M^n＋半径以及MS的Ksp具有密切的关联，与M^a＋浓度之间呈现良好的线性关系。结论方法具有良好的选择性，操作简便，用于定量分析结果满意。     

大黄对淤胆型大鼠胃肠消化间期MMC的影响及利胆机制探讨

目的 从胃肠电生理探讨大黄治疗胆汁淤积的机制.方法 在大鼠的胃窦、十二指肠及空肠埋置3对银丝电极,采用α-异硫氰酸萘酯建立大鼠急性肝内胆汁淤积模型.观察大黄对胃肠消化间期移行性复合肌电活动(MMC)及胃肠组织中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)表达的影响.结果 模型组早期MMC节律完全消失,随后逐渐恢复,但恢复时间较正常组晚且周期明显延长,胃肠NOS的表达明显增多.大黄组MMC节律恢复时间较模型组早,周期无明显改变,胃肠NOS的表达也比模型组显著减少(P＜0.05).结论 大黄通过增加胆汁排泌,促进胆汁淤积大鼠胃肠MMC的恢复,从而达到清热解毒、利胆退黄的效应.     

Carbohydrate-controlled precipitation of apatite with coprecipitation of organic molecules in human saliva: Stabilizing role of polyols

Summary Addition of common dietary carbohydrates to Millipore-treated human whole saliva either enhances or inhibits the formation of salivary precipitates, some carbohydrates showing no effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the precipitation conditions more thoroughly and to elucidate the chemical nature of the precipitates formed. D-Xylose either enhanced precipitation (in long-term incubations) or had no appreciable effect (in 10 minute incubations). Other aldo- and ketosugars and disaccharides (maltose, sucrose, lactose) generally enhanced precipitation, whereas all polyols (xylitol, D-sorbitol, mannitol, and maltitol) retarded the formation of turbidity in saliva. Xylitol inhibited formation of precipitates also in the presence of D-xylose, dextrans, and starch. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) of EDTA-soluble pellets obtained by centrifugation of the precipitates produced two major protein fractions (I and II) with a molecular weight of 112,000 and 46,000, respectively. The carbohydrates exerted a selective effect on the relative size of I and II in that polyol incubations resulted in a I to II ratio of 1∶3, whereas control incubations (without added sugars) and incubations with other carbohydrates gave ratios of 1∶6 to 1∶10. Both peaks contained large amounts of acidic amino acids, proline, and glycine. The saliva precipitates contained a substantial portion of a crystalline phase that had the crystal structure of apatite, the individual crystallites being extremely small (<1 μm) with a Ca∶P ratio of 1.46. The carbohydrates had a similar effect on the overall inorganic composition of the precipitates, but they ahd a clearly selective effect on the rate of formation of precipitates and on the relative amount of coprecipitating salivary proteins. This selectivity indicates that these carbohydrates, when consumed habitually, may exert different effects on the precipitation of Ca-salts at mineral-deficient enamel and dentine sites.     

碘化汞络合物冷原子汞吸收光谱分析简接测定碘

研究了在高酸度时碘化汞络合物(HgIn,n=1,2,3,4)对汞吸收强度的抑制,用冷原子汞原子吸收光谱简接测定碘的方法。本方法的特征含量(相当于0.0044吸尤度)和检测限分别为1.1×10~(-8)和5×10~(-10)克碘。碘量在0.05—0.20微克范国内,对汞吸收光度的降低成线性。研完了某些贵金属和其它卤素对测定碘的干扰。用此方法成功地测定了美国国家标准局(NBS)标准参考物质牡蛎纤维和柠檬叶,以及挪威鱼肝油中的碘含量。     

Amplitude of the Electrocardiographic QRS Complexes during and after Severe Pulmonary Edema

There is recent evidence that anasarca peripheral edema, irrespective of its etiology, attenuates ECG QRS potentials. Pulmonary edema (PE) also is thought to cause reduction in the amplitude of QRS complexes. The case reported herein is of a patient with severe PE, hypertension, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and no peripheral edema who did not show changes in the QRS complexes with the management of her pulmonary edema. Thus it appears that PE does not attenuate the amplitude of QRS complexes, and alleviation of this condition does not cause augmentation of QRS voltage. This is in contrast to alterations of peripheral edematous states in the setting of congestive heart failure, which result in changes in the QRS amplitude, as shown previously.     

Consequences of exposure to peri-articular injections of micro- and nano-particulate cobalt–chromium alloy

Metal hip replacements generate both metal particles and ions. The biological effects of peri-articular exposure to nanometre and micron sized cobalt chrome (CoCr) wear particles were investigated in a mouse model. Mice received injections of two clinically relevant doses of nanoparticles (32 nm), one of micron sized (2.9 μm) CoCr particles or vehicle alone into the right knee joint at 0, 6, 12 and 18 weeks. Mice were analysed for genotoxic and immunological effects 1, 4 and 40 weeks post exposure. Nanoparticles but not micron particles progressively corroded at the injection site. Micron sized particles were physically removed. No increase of Co or Cr was seen in peripheral blood between 1 and 40 weeks post exposure to particles. No significant inflammatory changes were observed in the knee tissues including ALVAL or necrosis. DNA damage was increased in bone marrow at one and forty weeks and in cells isolated from frontal cortex at 40 weeks after injection with nanoparticles. Mice exposed to the micron sized, but not nanoparticles became immunologically sensitized to Cr(III), Cr (VI) and Ni(II) over the 40 week period as determined by lymphocyte transformation and ELISpot (IFN-γ and IL-2) assays. The data indicated that the response to the micron sized particles was Th1 driven, indicative of type IV hypersensitivity. This study adds to understanding of the potential adverse biological reactions to metal wear products.