奇宝灸精的鉴别和含量测定方法的研究

采用薄层色谱法对制剂中大青叶，板蓝根，黄连，茵陈，金银花，薄荷６味中药进行了定性鉴别，并用柱层析－紫外分光光度法对本品中靛玉红的含量进行了测定，方法可靠，重现性好，ＲＳＤ为０．３２％，加样回收率为９８．３６％。     

不同产地薄荷药材商品质量及差异研究

该文利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析了薄荷药材挥发油的化学成分,并结合气相色谱法(GC)对7个挥发性成分进行含量测定,以比较传统道地产区-江苏、当今主产区-安徽及其他产区薄荷药材挥发性成分之间的差异。实验结果显示:收集的薄荷药材挥发油分为4种化学型:(1)薄荷醇-薄荷酮型、(2)胡薄荷酮-薄荷酮型、(3)胡椒酮-薄荷醇型、(4)氧化胡椒酮型;薄荷醇为所有薄荷样品挥发性成分中含量最高的成分;安徽与其他产区薄荷挥发油成分之间的差异相对明显,江苏产区薄荷与另两个产区则存在交叉性。该文研究了不同产地薄荷药材挥发油的主要成分及产地间的差异,建立了薄荷药材多个挥发性成分的含量测定方法,为薄荷药材质量标准的提高提供了基础。     

Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Mentha crispa in the treatment of giardiasis

It's estimated that around 200 million people are annually infected with Giardia lamblia, making the disease a major cause of morbidity worldwide. The current treatment of giardiasis includes the use of several drugs, among them, herbal medicines formulated with Mentha crispa. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of M. crispa in the treatment of giardiasis. The research consisted initially of a cross-sectional study for the selection of subjects with giardiasis. After that, there was a randomized, open, in parallel with active control study, in order to verify the therapeutic efficacy of M. crispa in the treatment of giardiasis. Coprology samples were collected from 1622 patients between May 2005 and May 2007 for a series of parasitological examinations. Ninety-six patients with G. lamblia were selected, which were then distributed randomly into two groups: Secnidazole, consisting of 50 patients treated with 2 g of Secnidazole and M. crispa, containing 46 patients treated with 2 g of M. crispa. After 7 days, healing was evaluated by enzyme immunoassay in a fresh fecal sample. Additionally, the subjects were questioned about possible adverse effects and answered a questionnaire covering socioeconomic and hydrosanitary issues. The analysis of the clinical trial data showed that the cure rate for the Secnidazole group (84.0%) was significantly higher (P = 0.0002) as that verified in the M. crispa group (47.83%). Therefore, the study concludes that, in the dose used in this trial, the effect of M. crispa in the treatment of giardisis is less effective than that of Secnidazole.     

Relaxant effects of the essential oil of Mentha pulegium L. in rat isolated trachea and urinary bladder

Objectives We evaluated the relaxant activity of the essential oil of Mentha pulegium L. (EOMP) and pulegone in rat isolated tracheal and bladder smooth muscles. Methods Isometric contractions of isolated tracheal and bladder strips from male Wistar rats were induced by KCl (K60; 60 mm ) or acetylcholine (ACh; 10 µm ). EOMP and its majory compound pulegone were incubated, after contracting agent, with the tissues in cumulating concentrations. Key findings EOMP (3–300 µg/ml) inhibited the contractions induced by ACh and K60 in both tissues, but was more effective against the contractions induced by K60 in trachea (IC50 = 40.47 ± 3.27 µg/ml) compared with ACh. Its relaxant action rules out ganglia and NO participation. Pulegone (10^?7 to 10^?3 m ) inhibited the contractions induced by ACh and K60 in both tissues. EOMP concentration‐dependently inhibited the contractions evoked by addition of CaCl₂ in depolarised trachea, suggesting inhibition of extracellular calcium entry. Conclusions These findings suggests that EOMP induced relaxant responses in pre‐contracted smooth muscles of rat trachea and bladder, which are likely to be mediated via inhibition of calcium entry, mainly by its major compound, pulegone. These effects are coherent with the popular use of EOMP as an antispasmodic agent.     

薄荷煮散颗粒制备工艺研究

目的:研究薄荷煮散颗粒制备工艺。方法:以成型性、干膏收率、滤过性、薄荷挥发油含量为指标,优化薄荷最佳粉末粒度;以成型难易、颗粒外观性状和脱粉情况为指标,优化制备成型的加水量;以所得薄荷煮散颗粒的含水量和挥发油含量为指标,优化干燥时间。结果:取薄荷中粉1000g,按0.6mL·g-1均匀喷水,充分混匀后制得软材,挤出制粒法挤压成型,置45℃烘干干燥150min,取出,整粒,为薄荷煮散颗粒的最佳制备工艺。结论:该工艺切实可行,科学合理。     

Two new monoterpenoid glycosides from Mentha spicata L.

Two new monoterpenoid glycosides, spicatoside A and spicatoside B, were isolated from the whole herbs of Mentha spicata L. which have anti-inflammatory and hemostatic activities. Their structures have been determined on the basis of spectral and chemical analysis. They are (+)-5-[1-(g -D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)ethenyl]-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (1), and (m )-5-{[2-( g -D-glucopyranosyloxy)-1-hydroxy-1-methyl]ethyl}-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (2).     

Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Mentha. x piperita.

Abstract

The in vivo. evaluation of toxicological and antifungal activity of the Mentha. x piperita. L. essential oils and menthol was made on 2-month-old male Wistar rats. We examined the therapeutic potency against experimentally induced dermatomycoses in rats using the most frequent dermatomycetes, Trichophyton mentagrophytes., T. rubrum., and T. tonsurans.. The therapeutic efficacy of 1% solution of essential oil and menthol, as well as commercial preparation bifonazole, was evaluated. During the 36-day observation period, the oil-treated animals were cured completely.     

Studies on activity of various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn against drug induced gastric ulcer in mammals

AIM: To examine the antiulcerogenic effects of various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn on acid, ethanol and pylorus ligated ulcer models in rats and mice.METHODS: Various crude extracts of petroleum ether, chloroform, or aqueous at a dose of 2 g/kg po did not produce any signs or symptoms of toxicity in treated animals. In the pyloric ligation model oral administration of different extracts such as petroleum ether, chloroform and aqueous at 375 mg/kg po, standard drug ranitidine 60 mg/kg po and control group 1% Tween 80, 5 mL/kg po to separate groups of Wister rats of either sex (n = 6) was performed. Total acidity, ulcer number, scoring, incidence, area, and ulcer index were assessed.RESULTS: There was a decrease in gastric secretion and ulcer index among the treated groups i.e. petroleum ether (53.4%), chloroform (59.2%), aqueous (67.0%) and in standard drug (68.7%) when compared to the negative control. In the 0.6 mol/L HCl induced ulcer model in rats (n = 6) there was a reduction in ulcerative score in animals receiving petroleum ether (50.5%), chloroform (57.4%), aqueous (67.5%) and standard. drug (71.2%) when compared to the negative control. In the case of the 90% ethanol-induced ulceration model (n = 6) in mice, there was a decrease in ulcer score in test groups of petroleum ether (53.11%), chloroform (62.9%), aqueous (65.4%) and standard drug ranitidine (69.7%) when compared to the negative control. It was found that pre-treatment with various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn in three rat/mice ulcer models ie ibuprofen plus pyloric ligation, 0.6 mol/L HCl and 90% ethanol produced significant action against acid secretion (49.3 ± 0.49 vs 12.0 ± 0.57, P < 0.001). Pre-treatment with various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn showed highly -significant activity against gastric ulcers (37.1 ± 0.87 vs 12.0 ± 0.57, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn. 375 mg/kg body weight clearly shows a protective effect against acid secretion and gastric ulcers in ibuprofen plus pyloric ligation, 0.6 mol/L HCl induced and 90% ethanol-induced ulcer models.     

薄荷属4种栽培植物的组织形态

薄荷是常用的辛凉解表药,也是广泛用于食品和烟草工业的香料。它的油和脑具很高的经济价值。本文报道国产4种薄荷的形态及解剖研究。对4种薄荷分别进行了性状描写,叶、茎的解剖构造和粉末特征以及花粉粒、小坚果、非腺毛和气孔的电镜扫描观察比较,为薄荷的鉴定和生产提供科学依据。     

Evidence of biological activity of Mentha species extracts on apoptotic and autophagic targets on murine RAW264.7 and human U937 monocytic cells

Context: Mints (Lamiaceae) are used as traditional remedies for the treatment of several diseases. Their extracts are recognized as anti-inflammatory compounds.

Objective: This study characterized the cytotoxic effects of Mentha spicata L. (MS), Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L). Huds (MR) on macrophage cells (RAW264.7; U937) and determined their impact on apoptosis and autophagy, which can play a role in controlling inflammation.

Materials and methods: The extracts were prepared in culture medium and tested from 25 to 400?μg/mL after 24–48?h of treatment. To show the effect of the aqueous ethanol (50%) extracts on apoptosis and authophagy, the presence of cleaved caspase-3, and the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II was evaluated by Western blotting.

Results: Compared with the MTT assay, crystal violet showed a pronounced decrease in the number of cells with all extracts at 48?h. Calculated IC₅₀ values were 257.31, 207.82 and 368.02?μg/mL for MS, MP and MR, respectively. A significant increase in PI positive cells was observed with all extracts at 200-400?μg/mL. Mitochondrial dysfunctions and nuclear morphological changes were detected with MS and MR extracts at 400?μg/mL. At this concentration, no cleaved caspase-3 was found whereas stabilized caspase-3 in its dimeric form was identified. MS and MR extracts also favour LC3-I to LC3-II conversion which is a criterion of autophagy.

Conclusions: The cytotoxic profiles depend on the extracts considered; MS extract showed the strong activity. However, all the mint extracts studied interact with the apoptotic and autophagic pathways at elevated concentrations.