腹腔镜与开腹全直肠系膜切除术治疗中低位直肠癌的同期临床对照研究

目的评价腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术（TME）治疗中低位直肠癌的可行性、安全性、根治性及近期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2005年11月至2008年10月同期收治进行TME的腹腔镜手术（93例）和传统开腹手术（105例）中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料,对两组的手术方式、手术学指标、肿瘤学指标和近期疗效进行比较。结果两组患者的临床资料具有可比性（P〉0．05）。腹腔镜组和传统开腹组手术时间分别为（164．6±35．6）min和（141．9±29．4）min;术中出血量分别为（51．4＋±20．2）ml和（180．0±64．7）ml,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）;腹腔镜组有4例（4．3％）中转开腹,两组保肛率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;均无手术死亡。在切除标本长度、清扫淋巴结数量和肠管远切缘长度方面两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）：所有标本远切缘病理学检查均为阴性。腹腔镜组的术后镇痛需求率、肠功能恢复时间、进食流质时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均低于或少于开腹组（P〈0．001）;手术并发症发生率两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。平均随访19个月．腹腔镜组和开腹组患者复发率和总生存率分别是4．4％和7．3％,97．8％和97．9％．差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论腹腔镜TME具有明显的微创优势．安全可行。     

Japanese cedar pollinosis and HLA-DP5

Japanese cedar pollinosis is a type I allergic disease caused by Japanese cedar ( Cryptomeria japonica ) pollen. We investigated the association between the disease and HLA class II alleles by HLA-DNA typing using a PCR-SSOP method and found that the frequency of HLA-DP5 (DPA1*02022 and DPB1*0501) was significantly increased in the patients. To investigate whether the HLA-DP5 molecule is directly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, Japanese cedar pollen antigen (CPAg)-specific T cell lines were established from 3 patients who possessed HLA-DP5 (DPA1*02022/DPB1*0501). By using these CPAg-specific T cell lines and HLA class II-expressing L-cell transfectants, we found that disease-associated HLA-DP5 restricted T cells specific for CPAg existed in the patients. Furthermore, among 38 synthesized overlapping peptides spanning the entire length of one of the major Japanese cedar pollen allergens, Cry j 1, an immunodominant peptide which induced HLA-DP5 restricted Th2 was identified. These observations suggest that the HLA-DP5 may be involved, at least in part, in the pathogenesis, by helping the IgE antibody production against CPAg.     

忍冬藤的化学成分研究

目的为寻找忍冬藤生物活性成分,对其进行了系统的化学分离。方法采用溶剂萃取、色谱分离手段进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据进行了化合物结构鉴定。结果 3个化合物分别鉴定为木犀草素(Ⅰ)、马钱素(Ⅱ)、r-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-反-2,顺-3-二羟甲基-7,8-二羟基-6-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘(Ⅲ)。结论化合物Ⅲ为一新化合物,命名为忍冬醇(japenol)。     

α-adrenoceptors mediating the positive inotropic effect of phenylephrine in the right ventricular muscle of the monkey (Macaca fuscata)

Summary The property of adrenoceptors mediating the positive inotropic effect (PIE) in the ventricular muscle of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) was investigated by the use of phenylephrine (PE) and adrenoceptor antagonists. The intrinsic activity (0.6) and the pD₂-value (5.41) for PE were comparable to those in other mammalian species. The -adrenoceptor antagonist, pindolol (3×10^–8 mol/l) shifted only the upper part of the concentration-response curve (CRC) for PE to the right; the pD₂-value for PE was not significantly affected by pindolol. On the other hand, phentolamine (10^–6 mol/l) shifted the lower part of the CRC for PE more than the upper part. In the presence of both pindolol and phentolamine the curve was shifted to the right in a parallel manner. The time required for twitch relaxation was negatively correlated to the degree of PIE of PE in the presence of phentolamine but not pindolol. These results indicate that both - and -adrenoceptors mediate the positive inotropic action in the ventricular muscle of the Japanese monkey and that in contrast to the action via -adrenoceptors the action via -adrenoceptors is not accompanied by the relaxant effect.     

A fluorimetric and amperometric study of calcium and secretion in isolated mouse pancreatic β-cells

We have examined the temporal relationship between intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) and secretion in single intact pancreatic -cells. Secretion was detected as the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine from pre-loaded -cells, using amperometry, and changes in [Ca²⁺]_i were monitored by microfluorimetry. Stimulation of -cells by elevation of the extracellular K⁺ concentration ([K⁺]_o), acetylcholine or glucose increased [Ca²⁺]_i and, after a delay of 2–7 s, evoked amperometric currents. In the presence of glucose, we observed oscillations in [Ca²⁺]_i which were associated with oscillations in the amplitude and frequency of amperometric currents: however, the temporal correlation was not exact, suggesting that there is a significant latency between the increase in average [Ca²⁺]_i and exocytosis. Both the amplitude and frequency of the amperometric currents elicited by 50 mM KCl declined with successive stimulation, but were restored by agents which elevate intracellular adenosine 3'5:cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). This suggests that -cells may possess a readily releasable pool of granules which is replenished by cAMP. The variable amplitude of the amperometric currents is discussed in terms of a model in which several secretory granules fuse simultaneously with the plasma membrane.     

灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分

目的：寻找灰毡毛忍冬（Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.）花蕾的药效物质基础，对其化学成分进行研究以评价该药材质量方法：应用各种柱层析方法进行化学成分分离，并利用各种光谱技术分析鉴定结构、结果：从灰毡毛忍冬花蕾中分离得到11个化合物，其中8个皂苷类成分，3个黄酮类成分，经鉴定为：常春藤皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（Ⅰ），常春藤皂苷元-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-。-，．-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（Ⅱ），常春藤皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→3）-α-J-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷即灰毡毛忍冬次皂苷甲（Ⅲ），3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（Ⅳ），常春藤皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→3）-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）10-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷即灰毡毛忍冬次皂苷乙（Ⅴ），3--O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷即川续断皂苷乙（Ⅵ），3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→3）-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖．（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷即灰毡毛忍冬皂苷甲（Ⅶ），3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→4）-β-D-α-L-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→3）-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷即灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙（Ⅷ），山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅸ），芦丁（Ⅹ），木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅺ）。结论：皂苷Ⅰ～Ⅴ、黄酮苷Ⅸ和Ⅹ均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

Distribution of anti-F(ab′)2 antibodies and the 16/6 idiotype in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) probands and kindreds

Levels of serum anti-F(ab)₂ antibodies and expression of the 16/6 anti-DNA idiotype were studied in 103 sera from first-degree relatives of 17 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) kindreds. Among healthy SLE relatives, 35.9% showed anti-F(ab)₂ elevations and 24%, Id 16/6 expression. Forty-three and two-tenths percent of healthy SLE relatives with elevated anti-F(ab)₂ also showed expression of 16/6; when Id 16/6 was positive, 16 of 25 relatives (64%) showed parallel elevations of anti-F(ab)₂. However, within individual families, distribution patterns of elevated anti-F(ab)₂ and Id 16/6 often did not coincide. Affinity-isolated anti-F(ab)₂ from four members of a single SLE kindred showed relative enrichment for Id 16/6 in only two of the four individuals studied. Moreover, none of the isolated anti-F(ab)₂ antibodies within this kindred or another kindred showing 16/6 Id expression reacted directly with 16/6 Id. Our studies suggest that whereas both anti-F(ab)₂ and Id 16/6 are increased within SLE kindreds, expression of the two does not always coincide. Furthermore, anti-F(ab)₂ antibodies do not show direct reactivity with Id 16/6. A number of anti-DNA idiotypic markers may play a role in idiotypic networks among such SLE kindreds.     

华南忍冬藤HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的: 建立华南忍冬藤的HPLC指纹图谱,为华南忍冬藤质量评价提供理论依据。 方法: 采用RP-HPLC。Kromasil C₁₈色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),乙腈-0.3%甲酸溶液梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,柱温30 ℃,检测波长238 nm。图谱用国家药典委员会"相似度评价软件(2004A)"处理分析。 结果: 确立了12个共有峰的共有模式,10批红腺忍冬藤样品指纹图谱相似度高。 结论: 方法简便、准确、重复性好,为评价华南忍冬藤药材的质量提供了依据。     

Vergence-mediated modulation of the human horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex is eliminated by a partial peripheral gentamicin lesion

The angular vestibulo-ocular reflex normally has an increased response during vergence on a near target. Surgical unilateral vestibular deafferentation reduces the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to far target viewing and eliminates this vergence effect. Intratympanic gentamicin treatment reduces VOR gain during far viewing, but the reduction is less severe than that after unilateral vestibular deafferentation. We sought to determine how gentamicin would affect vergence-mediated modulation of the VOR. The VOR in response to passive head impulses in the horizontal plane while viewing a far (124 cm) or near (15 cm) target was evaluated in 11 subjects following intratympanic gentamicin treatment. Three of these subjects had also been tested immediately prior to receiving gentamicin. The impulses were low amplitude (~20°), high velocity (~150°/s), high acceleration (~3,000°/s²) horizontal head rotations administered manually by the investigator. Binocular eye and head velocity were recorded using the scleral search coil technique. The VOR gain was defined as eye velocity divided by inverted head velocity. Prior to intratympanic gentamicin, the VOR gain during rotations to either side was symmetric and showed the same vergence-mediated increase. Following gentamicin, head impulses towards the untreated side yielded VOR gains of 0.91±0.12 while viewing a far target and 1.27±0.22 while viewing a near target, an increase of 33%. Head impulses towards the treated side produced a hypometric VOR with no increase between far and near viewing. The average latency of the VOR was 7.6±2.5 ms towards the untreated side for either near or far viewing and 20.7±13.1 ms towards the treated side for either near or far viewing. Our findings show that a peripheral lesion caused by gentamicin does not ablate the VOR but does eliminate a component of the vestibular signal that is necessary for vergence-mediated modulation of the VOR. Gentamicin has preferential toxicity for the hair cells in the central zone of the crista, where irregular afferents predominate. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that irregular afferents provide the necessary signal for vergence-mediated modulation of the VOR.     

大孔吸附树脂对金菊双花总黄酮的吸附研究

目的：筛选适合分离纯化金菊双花总黄酮的大孔吸附树脂，为其分离纯化提供实验依据。方法：选择14种大孔吸附树脂，比较其对总黄酮的吸附率、解吸附率及动力吸附曲线的影响。结果：大孔吸附树脂HPD100比较适合于金菊双花总黄酮的提纯，经该树脂吸附解吸，吸附量为69.30mg/g，解吸率可达87.1%。结论：大孔吸附树脂HPD100对金菊双花总黄酮具有较大的吸附量，易吸附、易解吸，性能优于其他树脂。