Teniposide or carboplatin in patients with recurrent or advanced cervical carcinoma: A randomized phase II trial

Thomsen TK, Pfeiffer P, Bertelsen K. Teniposide or carboplatin in patients with recurrent or advanced cervical carcinoma: A randomized phase II trial. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1998; 8 : 310–314.
The aim of the present study was to investigate response rates, time to progression, and survival with teniposide or carboplatin in patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer and to estimate the toxicity of each drug regimen.
Twenty-eight patients with recurrent or advanced cervical cancer entered the study. Two patients were ineligible (severe renal impairment, n = 1; performance status 3, n = 1) and were excluded from the analysis. The remaining 26 patients were randomized to either carboplatin (400 mg/m² on day 1, intravenously every four weeks) or teniposide (125 mg/m² on days 1, 2 and 3, intravenously every four weeks). Twelve patients were randomized to the carboplatin arm and 14 patients to the teniposide arm. They were all comparable with respect to age, performance status, histology, primary FIGO stage, and prior therapy.
Response was seen in four patients in each group (33% and 29%, respectively), all but one being partial. (One patient in the teniposide group had complete response). Time to progression and median survival were similar in the two groups (median time to progression 20/17 weeks and median survival 40/41 weeks, respectively.)
In general, toxicity was moderate. Leukopenia (WHO grade 3 or 4) was seen in one patient treated with teniposide, and thrombocytopenia (WHO grade 3 or 4) in one patient treated with carboplatin. Eleven patients (79%) in the teniposide group had alopecia requiring a wig. The study implies that both drugs have some activity in cervical cancer. Carboplatin has the advantage that it can be administered on an out-patient basis.     

18F-FDG符合线路SPECT显像在胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后的应用

目的探讨^18F—FDG符合线路SPECT显像在探测胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后复发和远处转移中的应用价值。方法24例胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后患者，其中食管癌4例，胃癌7例，结肠癌6例，直肠癌7例，运用SIEMENS ECAM^deut SPECT仪进行^18F—FDG显像。结果^18F—FDG显像诊断胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后转移和复发的灵敏度为94．7％，特异性80．0％，准确性91．7％。在^18F—FDG显像真阳性18例中，2例为局部复发，5例为局部复发伴转移，11例为远处转移。在有复发的7例患者中，5例^18F—FDG显像结果与CT检查结果一致，2例CT检查局部未见异常，在有转移的16例患者中，共检出转移灶55处。结论符合线路SPECT仪^18F—FDG显像是检测胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后复发和转移的敏感而有效的方法。     

吉西他滨加顺铂治疗复发性卵巢癌

目的:评估吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗复发性卵巢癌的疗效及毒性。方法:28例复发性卵巢癌,用吉西他滨1000mg/m2和顺铂35mg/m2,静注,第1、8天,21天为1周期。结果:28例患者总有效率60.7%(95%可信区间41.7%-79.6%),其中CR5例(17.9%),PR12例(42.9%)。中位疾病进展时间5.5个月(2.5~20个月),中位生存期12.5个月。其中16例铂类耐药和12例铂类敏感患者的有效率、中位生存期分别为56.3%和66.7%(P=0.95)、10.5和14.5个月(P=0.003)。毒性主要是白细胞减少和血小板减少。结论:吉西他滨加顺铂是治疗复发性卵巢癌的有效方案,不仅可用于铂类敏感患者,也可用于铂类耐药患者。其毒性可以接受。     

Afferent high strength tetanizations favour potentiation of the NMDA vs. AMPA receptor-mediated component of field EPSP in CA1 hippocampal slices of rats

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated components of 'dual-component' field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP-A and fEPSP-N) was studied in the CA1 stratum radiatum in hippocampal slices of rats. Relative degrees of LTP of these fEPSP components were compared for tetanizations with low and high strengths. Magnitudes of fEPSP-A and fEPSP-N were estimated in parallel with a least-square fitting of a short-latent (0.1-8.8 ms) fragment of evoked responses by a weighted sum of 'basic' fEPSP-A and fEPSP-N, obtained during a short preliminary application of d-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV). We found that low-strength tetanizations selectively potentiated fEPSP-A, while high strength tetanizations potentiated both fEPSP components. These results demonstrate in the experiments with parallel measurements of fEPSP-A and fEPSP-N that LTP of these components differ depending on the strength of afferent tetanization. Unequal potentiation of the commissural-collateral and excitatory local-circuit synapses, which presumably contain different amounts of the AMPA and NMDA receptors, is discussed as the most probable explanation for these results.     

Effects of peribulbar bupivacaine as an adjunct to general anaesthesia on peri-operative outcome following retinal detachment surgery

Sixty premedicated, ASA physical status I or II patients weighing > 25 kg scheduled for elective retinal detachment repair were randomly assigned to receive either peribulbar block with 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine (block group) or intravenous morphine 150 microg.kg-1 (morphine group), prior to the induction of general anaesthesia (n = 30 in each group). Patients were evaluated for intra-operative oculocardiac reflex, peri-operative pain relief, recovery from anaesthesia and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Apart from significantly reducing the incidence of oculocardiac reflex (30% vs. 70%, p = 0.0019), peribulbar bupivacaine also attenuated the severity of the reflex. Postoperative pain relief was superior in the block group. More block group patients had the maximum recovery score in the immediate postoperative period (80% vs. 27%, p < 0. 0001) and they achieved complete recovery significantly faster than the morphine group (17.3 (14.7) min vs. 66.7 (29.7) min, p < 0.0001). The incidence (40% vs. 77%, p = 0.004) and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting were significantly less in the block group. In summary, peribulbar bupivacaine, when administered together with general anaesthesia, attenuated oculocardiac reflex, provided comparable intra-operative and superior postoperative analgesia, resulted in significantly earlier and better recovery from anaesthesia, and significantly reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting.     

国际敏感指数在血浆凝血酶原时间测定中的应用

目的 :分析在测定 PT- INR实验过程中建立实验室敏感指数 (L ocal ISI)值的方法和必要性。方法 :在 CA- 15 0 0全自动凝血仪上使用 INR定标血浆建立 INR标准曲线 ,并做回归分析 ,计算出 L ocal ISI值 ,并利用 Dade- behring公司产品 Thromborel S凝血活酶试剂 ISI值和 L ocal ISI值分别测定 4 3例正常对照组和 2 0例长期口服抗凝药物治疗患者的凝血酶原时间 PT- INR,对两组结果进行统计处理。结果 :经校正本实验所用 Dade- behring公司产品 Throm borel S凝血活酶试剂 L ocal ISI值为 1.10 ,高于厂家提供的 ISI值。两组受试者利用 L ocal ISI值和 ISI值测定所得 PT- INR值差异有极显著性 (P<0 .0 1) L ocal ISI值组明显高于 ISI值组。结论 :直接利用试剂厂家标定的 ISI值进行 PT- INR值测定可能造成误差 ,仍应用 PT- INR定标血浆仪器上进行校正。利用实验室敏感指数 (L ocal ISI)值测定 PT- INR具有可信性 ,可应用于口服抗凝药物治疗监测     

Exostoses of the external auditory canal: a long‐term follow‐up study of surgical treatment

To determine the postoperative incidence, extent and recurrence rate of exostoses of the external auditory canal in a cohort of patients involved in different water sports. A cross‐sectional study of 31 patients (46 ears), with exostoses treated by surgery in the Royal Cornwall Hospital between 1980 and 1999. A questionnaire was used to obtain information about the type of water exposure pre‐ and postoperatively. The extent of recurrent stenosis was assessed. The mean postoperative time interval was 10 years (sd = 4.5 years). The degree of stenosis was assessed as: minimal (<30%) in 42.6%, moderate (30–60%) in 31% and severe (>60%) in 25% of ears. The Cox regression model was used to identify factors associated with a reduction in the recurrence rate of stenosis. The use of ear plugs was highly significant (P = 0.015), as was the age of the patient at the time of operation (P = 0.004), i.e. the older the patient, the faster recurrent disease developed. There was no evidence to show that either the type or seasonal pattern of water sport activity influenced recurrence of the disease postoperatively, although preoperatively, the stenosis was more marked in association with surfing and sailing. Exostoses developed faster preoperatively in those who were in the water all year round rather than just the summer months. Of five patients who stopped water sport activity completely after surgery, four of them developed significant recurrent exostoses (>50% stenosis).     

Surgical resection of locally recurrent cervical cancer: a single institutional 70 patient series

Pelvic recurrence of cervical cancer is a life-threatening situation and only local control can provide hope for remission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of surgery in the treatment of cervical cancer recurrence. This retrospective study analyzed a series of 70 patients who underwent resection of cervix locoregional recurrence. Thirteen patients had palliative salvage surgery for pelvic complications. Twenty-nine resections were considered as curative. Fifty recurrences required pelvic exenterations. The hospital mortality rate was 9% and the morbidity rate was 44%. Overall 5-year actuarial survival rate was 23%. Survival was significantly higher: (a) after curative resection and (b) after centropelvic recurrence resection. Local control was obtained in 48% of the cases and 13 patients are alive with a median follow-up of 75 months. In conclusion, the results of this small and heterogen series seem to justify an attempt to resection for centropelvic recurrences whenever possible. Palliative surgery should be reserved to salvage therapy and highly selected patients.     

Local synthesis of IgA in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological diseases

To date qualitative studies of IgA in the cerebrospinal fluid in neurological disease, particularly multiple sclerosis, have been few and given mixed results. The aim of this study was to identify local synthesis of IgA by detection of clonal IgA bands, in a large cohort of patients with a variety of neurological disorders, using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transfer of protein to nitrocellulose membranes and specific staining. Of 2,097 sequentially analysed patients with suspected neurological disease 54 (2.6%) had locally synthesised IgA; most notably, IgA was present in 39 of 291 (13%) patients with suspected multiple sclerosis. The latter group also had a significant excess of light-chain production, particularly free kappa, when compared to multiple sclerosis patients without local synthesis of IgA. Locally synthesised IgA was also demonstrated in inflammatory, infectious and autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. This qualitative technique is simple and suitable for routine analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, and further qualitative studies of IgA may be useful in investigating the pathophysiology of certain neurological disorders.     

流动人口对产科质量因素的影响

目的分析流动人口和本地人口对产科质量的影响,寻找危害孕产妇安全的主要因素。方法对我院2003年9月至2005年6月产科流动人口和本地人口的病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果我院本地人口孕产妇产检率为841．87‰,明显高于流动人口的210．78‰(P＜0．05)。流动人口孕产妇胎儿宫内窘迫、早产、过期妊娠、产后出血、胎：盘早剥、新生儿窒息、低出生体重儿的发生率均明显高于本地人口(P值均＜0．05)。结论继续提高流动人口高危孕产妇检出率、管理好流动人口孕产妇将是提高上海市产科质量工作的新重点。