广金钱草的化学成分研究

目的:对广金钱草Desmodium styracifolium(Osbeck)Merr.的化学成分进行研究。方法:运用多种层析分离方法进行分离纯化,通过1H、13CNMR等波谱技术确定化合物的结构。结果:分离并鉴定了9个化合物分别为:芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-阿拉伯苷(1)、木犀草素-6-C-葡萄糖苷(2)、芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-木糖苷(3)、芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-葡萄糖苷(4)、芹菜素(5)、木犀草素(6)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、β-胡萝卜苷(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)。结论:其中化合物4~8均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Constituents of the roots ofPueraria lobata inhibit formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs)

Two isoflavone C-glucosides, puerarin (1) and PG-3 (2), a but-2-enolide, (+/-)-puerol B (3), two isoflavone O-glucosides, daidzin (4) and genistin (5), and three pterocarpans, (-)-medicarpin (6), (-)-glycinol (7) and (-)-tuberosin (8), were isolated from a MeOH extract of the roots of Pueraria lobata, using an in vitro bioassay based on the inhibition of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) to monitor chromatographic fractionation. The structures of 1-8 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation, particularly by 1D- and 2D-NMR studies, and by comparison of these data with values in the literature. All of the isolates (1-8) were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on AGEs formation in vitro. Of these, puerarin (1), PG-3 (2), and (+/-)-puerol B (3) exhibited more potent inhibitory activity than the positive control aminoguanidine.     

羊蹄甲属植物化学成分和药理活性的研究进展

根据近30年的文献报道,羊蹄甲属植物含有多种化学成分,主要有黄酮类、甾体类、萜类等,有些为首次从该属植物中得到的全新化合物。此属中的多种植物作为传统中药广泛被用来治疗糖尿病、抗菌消炎、镇痛、止血和利尿等。作者综述了羊蹄甲属植物化学成分和药理活性的研究概况,并按化学结构类型进行分类,为进一步开发应用此属资源提供资料参考。     

A new flavone glycoside: 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy flavone-7-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside from the stem of Acacia catechu Willd

A new bio-active flavone glycoside, m.p. C 28 H 32 O 17 , mp 283-284°C, M + 640 [EIMS] was isolated from the ethylacetate soluble fraction of the ethanolic extract of the stems of Acacia catechu and its structure was characterised as 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy flavone-7- O - β- d -galactopyranosyl-(1 →4)- O - β- d -glucopyranoside by various chemical degradations and spectral analyses.     

A new coumaronochromone from Sophora japonica

A new coumaronochromone derivative, sophorophenolone ( 1 ), along with 13 known compounds, l -maackiain ( 2 ), medicagol ( 3 ), 7- O -methylpseudobaptigenin ( 4 ), pseudobaptigenin ( 5 ), 7,3'-di- O -methylorobol ( 6 ), genistein ( 7 ), prunetin ( 8 ), daidzein ( 9 ), formononetin ( 10 ), Di- O -methyldaidzein ( 11 ), quercetin ( 12 ), kaempferol ( 13 ) and isorhamnetin ( 14 ) were isolated from pericarps of Sophora japonica L. The structure of compound 1 was established by UV, IR, MS, and one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, including DEPT, NOESY, 1 H- 1 H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments.     

Potent antimutagenic and their anti-lipid peroxidative effect of kaikasaponin III and tectorigenin from the flower of Pueraria thunbergiana

The MeOH extract of Pueraria thunbergiana (Leguminosae) flowers and its fractions were subjected to Ames test to test the antimutagenicity. EtOAc fraction (1 mg/plate) decreased the number of revertants of Salmonella typhymurium TA100 by 95% against aflatoxin B, (AFB1). Phytochemical isolation of the EtOAc fraction afforded four isoflavonoids (tectorigenin, glycitein, tectoridin and glycitin) and one saponin (kaikasaponin III). Though the three isoflavonoids other than tectoridin showed significant antimutagenicity, the activity of kaikasaponin III was the most potent. Kaikasaponin III (1 mg/plate) decreased the number of revertants of S. typhymurium TA100 by 99% against AFB, but by 75% against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Tectorigenin (1 mg/plate) inhibited the AFB1-induced mutagenicity by 90% and MNNG-induced one by 76%. Glycitein and glycitin were less active than tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III. This result suggested that kaikasponin III prevents the metabolic activation of AFB1 and scavenge electrophilic intermediate capable of mutation. The two components with potent activities, tectorigenin and kaikasaonin III, significantly prevented the malondialdehyde formation caused by bromobenzene in the rat.     

NMR确定鸡血藤中1个新的降倍半萜类化合物布卢门醇A-6-O-反式-对羟基肉桂酸酯

目的:研究鸡血藤水提取物中的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶、高效液相等柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过化合物的核磁共振(NMR)数据鉴定其结构。结果:从鸡血藤水提取物中分离出1个降倍半萜类化合物,根据其NMR数据鉴定其化学结构为布卢门醇A-6-O-反式-对羟基肉桂酸酯。结论:布卢门醇A-6-O-反式-对羟基肉桂酸酯为1个新的化合物。     

In vitro gastrointestinal biotransformation and characterization of a Desmodium adscendens decoction: the first step in unravelling its behaviour in the human body

Objectives

The isolation and identification of the flavonoids present in a decoction of Desmodium adscendens was performed. In view of the oral use of the decoction, this work focused on the stability in gastrointestinal conditions and biotransformation by intestinal microflora in the colon of D‐pinitol, vitexin and the flavonoid fraction of the decoction, as a first step in unravelling its behaviour in the human body.

Methods

The freeze‐dried decoction was first subjected to column chromatography. Subsequently an enriched flavonoid fraction, was separated by repeated semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC ) or by HPLC ‐SPE . The isolated compounds were elucidated by NMR . Biotransformation experiments were carried in an in vitro gastrointestinal dialysis model.

Key findings

The major flavonoids of a decoction of D. adscendens were characterized as vicenin‐2, isoschaftoside, schaftoside, 2″‐O ‐xylosylvitexin, 2″‐O ‐pentosyl‐C ‐hexosyl apigenin and a O ‐hexosyl‐C ‐hexosyl apigenin, tentatively identified as 2″‐O ‐glucosyl‐vitexin. During their passage in the gastrointestinal dialysis model, vitexin and C ‐glycosides thereof were found to be stable. Only the O ‐glycosidic bonds of O ‐glycosides of vitexin or isovitexin were hydrolysed during the colonic phase.

Conclusions

A D. adscendens decoction was found to be rich in vitexin and isovitexin glycosides from which vitexin and the C ‐glycosides thereof were found to be stable in the simulated gastrointestinal tract.

     

豆科药用植物中的抗肿瘤活性成分

豆科(Leguminosae)植物在药用植物中占据重要地位,其化学成分类型丰富多样,且具有广泛的生物活性。近年来对该科药用植物的抗肿瘤活性研究较多,目前已经发现了一些活性较好的抗肿瘤活性成分,如甘草酸、甘草次酸以及苦参碱等。其中苦参碱已经应用于临床,且效果显著。因此,对该科植物进行抗肿瘤活性物质的研究意义重大。本文旨在概述豆科药用植物中抗肿瘤活性成分研究的最新成果及进展。     

Anti-inflammatory pterocarpanoids from the roots of Pongamia pinnata

A phytochemical study on the roots of Pongamia pinnata afforded 11 pterocarpanoids, including three new compounds. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were assigned via analysis of the specific rotations and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Six compounds exhibited inhibitory effects against NO production, and compound 5 showed the best activity with an IC₅₀ value at 12.0?μM.