Association of Mild Leg Length Discrepancy and Degenerative Changes in the Hip Joint and Lumbar Spine

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between mild leg length discrepancy (LLD) and degenerative joint disease (DJD) or osteoarthritis.

应用逆行腓肠肌内外侧头肌皮瓣修复小腿中下1/3软组织缺损

目的 探讨逆行腓肠肌内、外侧头肌皮瓣修复小腿中下1/3软组织缺损的临床效果.方法 2000年8月至2009年12月对下肢中、下1/3软组织缺损采用逆行侧腓肠肌内、外侧头肌皮瓣进行修复5例.结果 5例肌皮瓣成活,软组织缺损区形态与功能修复良好.结论 应用逆行腓肠肌内、外侧头肌皮瓣修复下肢中、下1/3软组织缺损操作简单、安全,疗效可靠.     

人工全髋关节置换术后下肢延长对髋关节功能的影响

目的 探讨人工全髋关节置换术后下肢延长对髋关节功能的影响.方法 初次THA患者143例,摄标准骨盆平片,测量患肢和对侧肢体长度,取得患肢的延长值,并对患髋进行Harris 髋关节功能评分.根据下肢长度的差值(LLD),将患者分成四组:等长组(LLD≤5 mm),A组(5 mm20mm),分析各组间术后Harris髋关节功能评分和患者满意率.结果 人工全髋关节置换术后等长组39例(27.2%),A组77例(53.8%),B组20例(14.0%),C组7例(4.9%).Harris髋关节功能评分:等长组高于B、C组,B组高于C组(P<0.05).等长组、A组、B组和c组的满意率分别为94.9%、88.3%、60.0%和14.2%.结论 人工全髋关节置换术术后下肢延长是较普遍的现象,患肢延长超过1 cm对髋关节功能有一定影响.     

Gait and balance of transfemoral amputees using passive mechanical and microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees

BACKGROUND: Microprocessor-controlled knee joints appeared on the market a decade ago. These joints are more sophisticated and more expensive than mechanical ones. The literature is contradictory regarding changes in gait and balance when using these sophisticated devices. METHODS: This study employed a crossover design to assess the comparative performance of a passive mechanical knee prosthesis compared to a microprocessor-controlled knee joint in 15 subjects with an above-knee amputation. Objective measurements of gait and balance were obtained. RESULTS: Subjects demonstrated significantly improved gait characteristics after receiving the microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee joint (p<0.01). Improvements in gait were a transition from a hyperextended knee to a flexed knee during loading response which resulted in a change from an internal knee flexor moment to a knee extensor moment. The participants' balance also improved (p<0.01). All conditions of the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) demonstrated improvements in equilibrium score. The composite score also increased. CONCLUSIONS: Transfemoral amputees using a microprocessor-controlled knee have significant improvements in gait and balance.     

游离串联皮瓣修复小腿大面积软组织缺损的临床应用

伴受区血管受限小腿大面积软组织缺损的较好方法.     

Mathematical model for wound healing following autologous keratinocyte transplantation

In times of increasing economical pressure on the health care systems, it is important to optimise the outpatient treatment of chronic wounds. Another aim of wound healing research is to discover agents to accelerate healing. Wound healing trajectories or healing velocities can provide information to demonstrate the endpoints for wound healing. A great problem in clinical trials is to specify these parameters. Therefore, we developed a mathematical model for more transparency. In this initial project, we observed 19 wounds to construct the wound healing trajectories after transplantation of autologous keratinocytes, and the results are so encouraging that investigation in this area will continue. The developed mathematical model describes the clinical observed healing process. It was possible to find parameters to distinguish between old and young patients, retrospectively or prospectively calculate the healing rates and to determine exactly the endpoint of healing. Therefore, our model might be very useful in practices or for studies.     

彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变的诊断意义

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变的诊断作用与意义。方法应用彩色多普勒超声技术对169例2型糖尿病并动脉粥样硬化患者进行下肢动脉常规检查,并设非糖尿病动脉粥样硬化60例作为对照组。通过观察其下肢动脉管壁、管腔、内膜-中层膜及斑块大小、血流情况,对两组患者进行回顾性分析。结果研究组169例受检查者超声报告髂、股、腘下肢近端斑块者119例,占70.4%;胫前动脉、胫后动脉、腓动脉、足背动脉血管壁增厚、管腔狭窄、血流充盈异常者136例,占80.5%。对照组60例患者报告髂、股、腘动脉斑块者44例,占73.3%;胫前、后动脉、足背动脉远端血管异常者23例,占38.3%。结论糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化发病率高,起病早,进展快,病情严重且病变较早累及肢体远端血管,特别是膝盖以下血管。为预防和及时治疗肢端血管病变,减少糖尿病足的发生,尽早了解糖尿病患者下肢远端血管供血情况至关重要。彩色多普勒用于下肢血管检查简便,无创伤,且仪器敏感性在不断提高,可作为首选检查。     

小腿骨折合并严重软组织缺损的显微外科治疗

目的 探讨应用显微外科技术治疗小腿骨折合并严重软组织缺损的合理方式。方法 早期彻底清创，重建肢体血运，选择髓内钉、外固定支架及钢板固定骨折及应用各种不同的皮瓣和肌皮瓣修复小腿骨折合并严重软组织缺损75例。结果 术后皮瓣1例因感染坏死，其余全部成活，随访6个月～4年，皮瓣外形及肢体功能恢复比较满意。结论 骨折的合理固定和应用显微外科技术对小腿骨折合并严重软组织缺损的治疗，可以取得良好的疗效，大大减少了小腿截肢率和并发症的发生。     

胫后动脉穿支蒂岛状皮瓣修复内踝及小腿内侧创面

 目的 探讨顺行或逆行胫后动脉穿支蒂岛状皮瓣修复内踝及小腿内侧创面的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析 2011 年 1 月至 2013 年 2 月,采用顺行或逆行胫后动脉穿支蒂岛状皮瓣修复 13 例内踝及小腿内侧创面的患者资料,男 8 例,女 5 例;年龄 19~65 岁,平均 32 岁。创面均位于内踝及小腿内侧,5 例伴有骨、肌腱及血管外露。其中 5 例胫骨远端骨折伴血管、神经外露者,急诊行骨折内、外固定术及胫后动脉穿支皮瓣修复创面;8 例无血管、神经外露者,采用真空封闭引流负压吸引后二期行皮瓣修复手术;7 例采用胫后动脉穿支蒂 V-Y 顺行推进皮瓣,6 例采用胫后动脉逆行穿支皮瓣。皮肤缺损面积为 1.5 cm×2.0 cm~9.0 cm×5.0 cm,切取皮瓣面积为 1.5 cm×3.0 cm~14.0 cm×7.0 cm。顺行皮瓣供区直接缝合,逆行皮瓣供区取腹部全厚皮片植皮修复。结果 13 例患者术后皮瓣血液循环稳定,无一例发生回流障碍,均于术后 2 周一期愈合。术后 13 例患者均获得随访,随访时间 6~24 个月,平均 13 个月。皮瓣全部一期成活,蒂部无臃肿及“猫耳”畸形,皮瓣质地柔软,外观满意,颜色与周围皮肤接近。5 例合并骨折患者术后 3~4 个月骨折临床愈合,骨折线基本消失。供区皮肤直接缝合者,术后瘢痕较小;供区游离植皮者,创面平整,无明显瘢痕增生。术后踝关节背伸 10°～25°,跖屈 15°～45°;患者均对术后疗效表示满意。结论 采用顺行或逆行胫后动脉穿支蒂岛状皮瓣具有不牺牲主干血管的优点,是修复内踝及小腿内侧创面的一种简单、有效的治疗方法。