改良单孔疝针经皮腹膜外结扎术治疗小儿腹股沟疝

目的 探讨单孔腹腔镜下改良单孔疝针经皮腹膜外结扎术治疗小儿腹股沟斜疝的手术效果.方法 回顾性分析我科2013年6月至2015年6月,在单孔腹腔镜辅助下,应用改良单孔疝针内环腹壁投影处经皮穿刺腹膜外结扎关闭内环手术治疗腹股沟疝病例312例(459侧)的临床资料.经脐部5 mm Trocar置入30°观察镜,内环投影处以带双股闭合2-0慕丝线疝针先沿内环口内侧紧贴腹膜外分离潜行,于贴近精索血管处穿透腹膜进入腹腔,牵拉体外双股线,闭合端双线自疝针孔退出,将疝针缓慢回撤至针孔露出皮肤平面时停止,以一根单股1-0慕丝线穿过疝针针孔,再将疝针沿内环口外侧腹膜外潜行,从同一腹膜穿刺点进入腹腔,将带单线疝针穿过预置于腹腔内的圈套内,牵拉1-0慕丝线使其与疝针分离,牵拉双股2-0慕丝线,将后置入的单股1-0慕丝线线尾牵拉出体外,挤压排出阴囊内气体,收紧1-0慕丝线,体外打结埋置于腹膜外.结果 298例442侧通过此法完成手术;所有病例无手术中并发症发生,术后穿刺点无明显疼痛,术后3d出院.术后随访5～29个月,尚未见疝复发或鞘膜积液病例,无穿刺点缝线反应及异物感.结论 单孔腹腔镜下改良单孔疝针经皮腹膜外结扎术经腹壁穿刺导入和牵出结扎线可保持在同一穿刺隧道,避免了因两次穿刺造成的较多结扎组织引起的术后疼痛和线结变松的情况发生.     

Bilateral uterine artery ligation via minilaparotomy for heavy menstrual bleeding

Objective

To assess the safety and short-term efficacy of bilateral uterine artery ligation (UAL) via minilaparotomy for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).

Methods

A prospective study of 30 women with HMB who underwent UAL. The primary outcome was cumulative treatment failure 12 months after the procedure. Treatment failure was defined as the need for hysterectomy during the follow-up period.

Results

At 12 months, 6 women had undergone hysterectomy for bleeding, for a cumulative failure rate of 20% (95% CI, 9%-38%). The number of bleeding days was significantly reduced by 11.9 ± 1.5 days (P < 0.001) and hemoglobin level significantly increased by 1.3 ± 0.15 g/dL (P < 0.001). Of the 30 women, 24 (80%) were satisfied with the results. No major complications were reported during the procedure or median follow-up period of 13.2 months.

Conclusion

Bilateral UAL is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure that can provide an alternative treatment for HMB.     

Temporal effect of Guanxin No. 2 on cardiac function, blood viscosity and angiogenesis in rats after long-term occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery

AIM: Cardiac infarction is one of the main causes of death in both developing and developed countries over past decades. Currently available approaches for treating patients with this disease are not satisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines have been increasingly paid attention to. The aim of this study was to characterize the dynamic protective effects of Guanxin No. 2 decoction (GX II) on cardiac dysfunction combined with the blood viscosity and myocardial hypertrophy parameters in myocardial infarction (MI) rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, coronary artery ligation (CAL), and CAL plus GX II (GX II, 10.0 g raw materials/kg/d, bid, p.o.). The experiment was carried out at 4 time points as the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after ligation. RESULT: It was found that on the one hand, GX II could significantly improve the heart function, and remarkably decrease infarct size and inhibit ventricular remodeling. On the other hand, GX II showed some unique effects such as angiogenesis which was induced in the left ventricular tissue. This result was consistent with the finding of an augmented vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in this area. CONCLUSIONS: The studies demonstrated that GX II exerted extensively beneficial cardioprotective effect on CAL rats, it might stimulate angiogenesis of ischemic region to compensate blood supply to the heart via upregulated VEGF expression.     

Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy using pulsed bipolar system: comparison with conventional bipolar electrosurgery

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy, results and complications of using the pulsed bipolar system (PlasmaKinetic; Gyrus Medical, Maple Grove, MN) and conventional bipolar electrosurgery (Kleppinger bipolar forceps; Richard Wolf Instruments, Vernon Hills, IL) in laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in the management of early invasive cervical carcinoma. METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study. We recruited consecutively 38 patients with cervical cancer for laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with pulsed bipolar system. For comparison, we recruited consecutively the latest 38 patients with cervical cancer for laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with conventional bipolar electrosurgery in the same period. From Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2005, total 76 patients with cervical cancer for laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were recruited for statistical analysis. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of age, body weight, staging, and hospital stay. There were statistically significant difference in blood loss and operative time. The blood loss was more in conventional bipolar electrosurgery group (mean 564 ml, median 500 ml, range 50-2400 ml) compared with pulsed bipolar system group (mean 397 ml, median 350 ml, range 100-1200 ml) (p<0.03). But there was no statistically significant difference in blood transfusion between the two groups (p=0.454). The operation time for the conventional bipolar electrosurgery group (mean 229 min, median 232 min, range 121-352 min) was longer than that for the pulsed bipolar system group (mean 172 min, median 177 min, range 65-267 min) (p<0.001). None of the laparoscopic procedure was required to be converted to laparotomy. There was no significant difference in the intra-operative complication, but there was statistically less postoperative complication in the pulsed bipolar system group (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in recurrence rate in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that pulsed bipolar system is more effective in laparoscopic radical hysterectomy when compared with conventional bipolar electrosurgery. Pulsed bipolar system has advantage over conventional bipolar electrosurgery in less blood loss, shorter operative time, less postoperative complication and may offer an alternative option for patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy.     

应用下腹部横纹切口腹腔镜肾切除术的术中护理

目的:探讨应用下腹部皮肤横纹切口在腹腔镜下肾切除术的手术配合经验。方法:配合下腹部皮肤横纹切口腹腔镜下肾切除术患者38例,男23例,女15例。术前进行细致充分的准备,术中熟练配合,密切观察病情。结果:38例手术均顺利完成,切口均为甲级愈合,切口长5～9cm,平均6cm。随访3～22个月,均健在。33例肿瘤患者未发现肿瘤种植转移,亦未见肿瘤复发。结论:对应用下腹部皮肤横纹切口在腹腔镜下肾切除术的患者给予密切配合可确保手术顺利完成,减少并发症的发生。     

常用静脉麻醉药对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后呕吐的影响

目的观察常用静脉全麻药异丙酚、硫喷妥钠及依托咪酯对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐的影响。方法将330例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者随机分为三组,每组110例,分别以异丙酚2mg/kg、硫喷妥钠5mg/kg、依托咪酯0.4mg/kg诱导麻醉,其他药物及麻醉方式均相同。结果术后0～6h内,异丙酚组恶心呕吐的发生率及平均发生次数明显低于硫喷妥钠组及依托咪酯组(P0.05),硫喷妥钠组与依托咪酯组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后6～48h的时间段内,三组患者恶心呕吐的发生率及发生次数比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论异丙酚在腹腔镜胆囊切除术后早期抗呕吐作用明显。     

腹腔镜与传统开腹治疗子宫肌瘤的临床效果对比研究

目的探讨腹腔镜手术与传统开腹手术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床效果。方法 71例患者被随机分为实验组（n=36）和对照组（n=35）,实验组组给予腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除手术,对照组给予传统开腹手术。结果实验组手术时间显著长于对照组（t=4.386,P〈0.01）,但术中出血量、术后排气时间和住院时间均显著少于对照组（t=4.275,P〈0.01;t=3.369,P〈0.01;t=3.763,P〈0.01）,术后1年复发率差异无统计学意义（x2=2.012,P〉0.05）。结论对于子宫肌瘤我们更倾向于患者行腹腔镜手术,但应根据患者自身具体情况,选择适合自己的手术方式,以有效改善病情。     

成人脊髓圆锥水平的脊髓和硬膜囊径线MRI研究

目的 :评价正常成人脊髓圆锥水平脊髓和硬膜囊矢径、横径的正常值范围及在临床实践中的应用价值。方法 :对 1 5 6例正常成人行脊髓圆锥最大矢径横截面水平T1 WI横断面扫描 ,测量该处脊髓与硬膜囊的矢径、横径 ,计算其平均值、标准差及矢径与横径比、近似面积。结果 :脊髓圆锥最大矢径横截面多位于T1 2 椎体 (82例 ,5 2 5 7% ) ,脊髓矢径 (6 86± 0 75 )mm ,横径 (8 4 1± 0 88)mm ,矢横比 0 75～ 0 85 ,硬膜囊矢径 (1 3 2 6± 1 6 1 )mm ,横径 (1 7 5 8± 2 6 8)mm ,矢横比 0 6 5～ 0 80 ,各径线大小无性别、年龄和身高差异 ,脊髓与硬膜囊矢径成正相关。结论 :熟悉脊髓和硬膜囊径线的正常值范围对临床诊断髓内肿瘤与硬膜囊等病变有较大帮助     

腹腔镜手术室CO2浓度对医护人员健康的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜手术室内CO2浓度对医护人员健康的影响.方法本研究将60名手术室护士随机分为开腹手术组和腔镜手术组,分别于术前及术后对2组人员测量生命体征、检测动脉血气、评价疲倦程度,并采用便携式红外线CO2分析仪检测手术室内不同时刻CO2浓度.结果腔镜手术室内CO2浓度于手术30 min时升高,术中维持较高水平,于手术结束时达最高值;与本组术前和开腹手术组相比,腔镜手术组人员手术后心率和呼吸频率明显增快,p H降低,PCO2升高,且疲倦严重度评分显著增加(P<0.05).结论腔镜手术造成手术室内CO2污染,危害医护人员身心健康,应予以重视.