长期氧疗联合舒利迭对重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病BODE指数及生活质量的影响

目的:观察长期氧疗(LTOT)联合吸入舒利迭(沙美特罗/氟替卡松,50μg/500μg)对重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的BODE指数及生活质量的影响。方法:30例重度COPD患者,在治疗病情稳定后(入组时)回顾性分析入组前6个月COPD急性加重的次数,予以LTOT联合吸入舒利迭,观察入组时与治疗6月后患者的Pa O2、BODE指数、SAS评分、SDS评分、COPD评估测试量表(CAT)评分的变化及记录治疗6月COPD急性加重的次数。结果:患者Pa O2、BODE指数、SAS评分、SDS评分、CAT评分较治疗前明显改善,COPD急性加重的次数明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:LTOT联合吸入舒利迭能改善重度COPD患者Pa O2、BODE指数、心理状况及生活质量,减少COPD急性加重的次数。     

Predictors of survival in COPD patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure receiving noninvasive home ventilation

BACKGROUND: Patients with COPD and chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (CHRF) are at high risk, and noninvasive ventilation at home is increasingly being used. Knowledge of prognostic parameters under these conditions is limited but may be clinically helpful and highlight the role of noninvasive ventilation. METHODS: In 188 patients with COPD (mean +/- SD FEV1, 31.0 +/- 9.6% of predicted; PaCo2, 56.3 +/- 9.4 mm Hg) discharged from the hospital receiving NIV between July 1994 and July 2004, the prognostic value of body mass index (BMI), lung function, laboratory parameters, and blood gas levels was assessed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Moreover, the impact of changes in risk factors on mortality assessed 6.7 +/- 2.8 months after the initiation of noninvasive ventilation was evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, the mortality rate during follow-up (duration, 32.2 +/- 24.3 months) was 44.7%, with 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year survival rates of 84.0%, 65.3%, and 26.4%. Deaths resulted predominantly from respiratory causes (73.8%). Univariate regression analyses revealed age, BMI, hemoglobin, FEV1, specific airway resistance, residual volume (RV)/total lung capacity (TLC), pH, and base excess (BE) to be associated with prognosis (p < 0.01 each), whereas multivariate analysis identified only age, BMI, RV/TLC, and BE as independent predictors (p < 0.05). In patients at risk (BMI < 25 km/m2, RV/TLC >or= 73%, or BE >or= 9 mmol/L), changes in these predictors were also associated with survival. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with COPD and CHRF, nutritional status, hyperinflation, and BE, which turned out to be reliable and consistent markers in CHRF, were independent prognostic factors for mortality. These data favor a multidimensional approach in these patients, including the use of noninvasive ventilation.