加味四逆散抗肝纤维化大鼠机理研究

目的观察加味四逆散对肝纤维化大鼠的预防效果并探索其防治机理。方法采用四氯化碳（CCL4）植物油溶液和酒精复制大鼠肝纤维化模型,观察加味四逆散对肝纤维化大鼠肝窦内皮细胞（SEC）窗孔大小及层黏蛋白（LN）表达的影响。结果加味四逆散组大鼠SEC壁LN的表达明显减弱,SEC失窗孔减轻,窗孔变大,与模型组比较差异有高度统计意义（P〈0．01）。结论加味四逆散抗肝纤维化的机制之一是通过阻止SEC膜上筛状窗孔变小。降低LN表达．进而抑制肝窦毛细血管化来实现的。     

肾动态显像对系统性红斑狼疮患者肾功能的早期评价

目的探讨99Tcm-DTPA肾动态显像对系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）（LN）患者早期肾功能损害的诊断价值。方法正常对照组22例,实验组为SLE患者45例,其中狼疮肾炎（LN）组33例,非LN组12例,LN组根据血清肌酐测定值分为肌酐正常组（肌酐〈100μmol／L）15例、肌酐异常组（肌酐〉100μmol／L）18例。以99Tcm-DTPA肾动态显像观察肾小球滤过率（GFR）、20分钟排泄率（R20）。结果LN患者肌酐正常组和异常组的GFR值及R20值与对照组比较均有显著性差异（P均〈0．01）,SLE患者非LN组GFR值与对照组相比无差异（P〉0．05）但1120值与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。SLE患者非LN组GFR和R20的诊断阳性率分别为29．2％和45．8％。LN患者肌酐正常组GFR和R20的诊断阳性率分别为86．7％和93．3％,LN患者肌酐异常组GFR和R20的诊断阳性率均为100％。结论全面分析99Tcm—DTPA肾动态显像,对LN患者肾功能损害的早期诊断具有重要价值。     

Suppressive effects of Chelidonium majus methanol extract in knee joint, regional lymph nodes, and spleen on collagen-induced arthritis in mice

Chelidonium majus L. has multiple applications in Korean traditional medicine because of its anti-tumoral, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities and has long been known to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, no study on the anti-arthritic activity of Chelidonium majus has been reported in vivo. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease with chronic inflammation characterized by hyperplasia of synovial cells in affected joints, which ultimately leads to the destruction of cartilage and bone. Cytokine production and gene expression were assessed during CIA (collagen-induced arthritis) model mice in knee joint, lymph node (LN), and spleen, using ELISA and competitive RT-PCR. DBA/1J mice were immunized with bovine type II collagen. After a second collagen immunization, mice were treated with CME orally at 400, 40mg/kg once a day for 4 weeks. The severity of arthritis within the knee joints was evaluated by histological assessment of cartilage destruction and pannus formation. Administration of CME significantly suppressed the progression of CIA and inhibited the production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in spleen and lymph node. The erosion of cartilage was dramatically reduced in mouse knees after treatment with CME. In conclusion, our results demonstrates that CME significantly suppressed the progression of CIA and that this action was characterized by the decreased production of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma, B cells, gammadelta T cells (in spleen) and increased proportion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in vivo. In the serum of CME-treated mice, the levels of IgG and IgM RA factor were decreased.     

Immunoreactivity for LN2 and LN3 distinguishes small cell carcinomas from non-small cell carcinomas in the lung

Immunoreactivity to LN2 and LN3, monoclonal antibodies that recognize components of the class II major histocompatibility complex, was assessed in 72 cases of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) (32 biopsy specimens, 40 resection specimens) and 64 cases of small cell carcinoma (56 biopsy specimens, 8 resections) of the lung. All cases were reviewed independently by three pathologists for histological classification. Only 1 of the 64 small cell carcinomas showed immunoreactivity for LN2, and none of the 64 cases showed reactivity for LN3. Among the non-small cell carcinomas, 25 of 48 cases were positive for LN2 and 43 of 71 were positive for LN3; the sensitivity was greater for adenocarcinoma (78.5%) than for squamous cell carcinoma (37%). A combined sensitivity of 64.7% was observed when the results of LN2 and LN3 were combined, and this sensitivity was not significantly diminished in the biopsy subset of cases (59.4%). Differentiation within histological subtypes of NSCLC (ie, well, moderate, or poorly differentiated) did not alter test sensitivity. In conclusion, LN2 and LN3, used alone or in combination, appear highly specific for non-small cell carcinoma and moderately sensitive in both biopsy and resection specimens; therefore, these antibodies may be diagnostically useful in distinguishing small cell from non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.     

Does loss of hormonal receptors influence the pathophysiological characteristics of the HER-2 breast cancer phenotype?

Background

Some breast carcinomas (BC) of the HER-2 type respond poorly to endocrine therapy, indicating that hormonal receptor (HR) status possibly impacts the biological criteria of this tumor class. The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of HR-positive and HR-negative tumors occurring in HER-2 and non-HER-2 BC.

自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植对大鼠创面纤维连接蛋白和层粘连蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植对创面愈合的影响,并对有关机制做进一步研究.方法 Wistar大鼠作为供体,SD大鼠为受体,在SD大鼠背部建立全层皮肤损伤模型.90只SD大鼠分为5组,每组18只,第1组为自体微粒皮组;第2组为异体脱细胞微粒真皮移植组;第3、4、5组为混合移植组.混合移植组中自异体微粒皮的面积比例分别为:1∶1、1∶0.5、1∶0.25.术后第2、3、4周分别测量每组创面的愈合率,采集创面标本,做HE染色,检测纤维连接蛋白(FN)和层粘连蛋白(LN)、进行组间比较.结果 混合移植组与自体微粒皮移植组比较,混合移植组创面愈合率及FN、LN均高于自体微粒皮组,其中1∶0.25混合移植组最高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 混合移植创面愈合率高于自体微粒皮移植,且自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植的面积比例按1∶0.25效果最佳,这可能与创面纤维连接蛋白和层粘连蛋白升高有关.     

Neck lymph nodes: Characterization with diffusion-weighted MRI

Purpose

To evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating the various causes of enlarged neck lymph nodes.

Materials and methods

Thirty-four patients with enlarged neck lymph nodes clinically suggestive of malignancy underwent DWI with b values (0 and 1000). Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps are generated from DWI and ADC values were calculated for the enlarged lymph nodes and compared with histopathological results.

Results

The patients were divided into nine patients with benign neck lymphadenopathy, 14 patients with metastasis from head and neck cancer and 11 patients with nodal lymphoma. The mean ADC of the benign neck lymph nodes (1.51 ± 0.36 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) was significantly higher than those of the metastatic (0.92 ± 0.13 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) and lymphomatous (0.74 ± 0.14 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) lymph nodes (p < 0.0001) and the mean ADC of the metastatic nodes was significantly higher than that of nodal lymphoma (p = 0.04). The mean ADC of well- and moderately differentiated metastasis (0.98 ± 0.14 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) was significantly higher than that of poorly differentiated metastasis (0.83 ± 0.06 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) (p = 0.03). The mean ADC of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (0.65 ± 0.06 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) was significantly lower than that of Hodgkin lymphoma (0.86 ± 0.11 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) (p = 0.004). The best threshold for differentiating malignant from benign lymph nodes was 1.15 × 10⁻³ mm²/s.

Conclusion

DWI is a non-invasive technique that can help in the identification of the cause of enlarged neck lymph nodes.     

消痰祛瘀方防治大鼠高脂血症致肾脏组织损害的实验研究

[目的]探讨消痰祛瘀方防治大鼠高脂血症致肾脏组织损害的作用。[方法]喂食高脂饲料造成大鼠高脂血症致肾脏损害模型,消痰祛瘀方同时干预给药12周,实验结束后,分别检测大鼠血脂、肾组织病理和肾皮质免疫组化情况。[结果]与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠TC、TG显著增高,肾小球系膜细胞轻中度增生,系膜基质轻中度增多,系膜基底膜面密度显著增高,毛细血管襻面密度显著降低,肾皮质免疫组化层粘连蛋白（LN）、纤维连接蛋白（FN）显著增高,有统计学意义;与模型对照组比较,消痰祛瘀方组大鼠TC明显下降,肾小球系膜细胞增生和基质增多等改变呈不同程度地减轻,系膜基底膜面密度明显降低,毛细血管襻面密度明显增高,肾皮质LN、FN明显降低,有统计学意义。[结论]消痰祛瘀方能有效防治高脂血症致肾脏组织损害。     

狼疮性肾炎的临床与病理分析

目的 了解狼疮性肾炎的临床与病理的关系。方法 对25例系统性红斑狼疮患者行肾活检检查，进行临床与病理分析，结果 临床表现为肾病综合征者病理多为Ⅳ型，急性肾炎综合征者为Ⅱ型，慢性肾炎综合征者为Ⅱ型或Ⅳ型，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型者临床常现狼疮活动，Ⅴ型呈临床非活动状态，临床活动指数与病理活动指数无相关性。结论 系统性红斑狼疮临床表现复杂，肾脏是主要受累器官，狼疮性肾炎临床与病理之间有一定关系。