两种艾灸法对二肾一夹型高血压大鼠血压和血管内皮细胞内分泌功能的影响

目的:应用两种艾灸疗法治疗两肾一夹肾血管性高血压大鼠(2K1C-RHR),评价这两种艾灸疗法的降压作用,并对其降压机理作初步的探讨。方法:建立2K1C-RHR模型,并将其随机分为六组:灸法Ⅰ组(百会、神阙、足三里)、灸法Ⅱ组(关元、涌泉、足三里)、卡托普利组、灸法Ⅰ+卡托普利组、灸法Ⅱ+卡托普利组、高血压对照组,另设正常对照组。经过10天治疗后,测量血压,并测定血浆中内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)。结果:高血压对照组的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)明显高于正常对照组,各治疗组的SBP、DBP明显低于高血压对照组(P<0.01),各治疗组间则没有明显差异(P>0.05)。血浆NO含量各组间没有明显差异(P>0.05)。各治疗组与正常对照组的血浆中ET含量明显低于高血压对照组(P<0.01)。各治疗组ET/NO比值接近正常对照组(P>0.05)且明显低于高血压对照组(P>0.05)。结论:两种艾灸疗法有良好的降压作用,其降压机理与及纠正ET与NO的失衡状态有关。     

还原型谷胱甘肽在预防糖尿病大鼠勃起功能障碍中的研究

目的探讨还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)在预防糖尿病大鼠勃起功能障碍中的作用。方法通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素65mg/kg建立糖尿病大鼠模型,然后随机分成DM组和DM+GSH组,DM+GSH组每天肌肉注射GSH200mg/kg。10周后观察大鼠勃起功能,并获取海绵体组织检测其谷胱甘肽、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)与丙二醛(MDA)水平,用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡。结果成功建立糖尿病大鼠模型。与未注射GSH的DM组相比,DM+GSH组和正常对照组(C组)勃起功能更好,勃起率分别是20%,62.5%和100%。GSH水平DM+GSH组和C组明显比DM组高,其3组含量每克蛋白分别是(75.83±15.62)、(61.47±8.65)和(35.03±12.29)mg(P<0.05);NOS水平在DM+GSH组每毫克蛋白为(133.9±31.9)U,与正常对照组每毫克蛋白为(142.2±31.2)U相当,但较DM组每毫克蛋白为(58.4±18.9)U高(P<0.05);MDA含量在DM组每毫克蛋白为(3.71±0.62)nmol,明显高于正常对照组和DM+GSH组(P<0.05),这两组每毫克蛋白为(2.08±0.34)nmol和(2.44±0.28)nmol;细胞凋亡率在DM组、DM+GSH组和C组的分别是(22.6±3.6)%、(10.8±1.7)%和(7.2±2.1)%(P<0.05)。结论还原型谷胱甘肽对糖尿病大鼠阴茎组织有较好的抗氧化作用,能减少细胞凋亡,对延缓糖尿病性ED的发生有一定的作用。     

肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除术后肝再生的干预研究

目的　以肝硬化大鼠为动物模型 ,研究药物对肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除术后肝再生的影响。方法　取健康的Wistar雄性大鼠 6 4只 ,以 6 0 ?l4油溶液 0 .3ml/ 10 0 g皮下注射 ,同时饮用 5 %酒精溶液 ,4 5d后制成肝硬化动物模型。模型大鼠随机分为 4组 ,16只 /组。全麻下均行左、中叶肝切除术。术后各组按以下方案处理 :A组 (对照组 )注射生理盐水 1mg/ (kg·d) ,B组为泮托拉唑组 ,注射 0 .2mg/ (kg·d) ,C组为重组人生长激素组 ,注射 0 .5U/ (kg·d) ,D组为两药合用组 ,同时给予泮托拉唑注射 0 .2mg/ (kg·d) ,重组人生长激素注射 0 .5U/ (kg·d) ) ,连续给药 1周。抽取静脉血样 ,取肝脏组织 ,检测肝功能、有丝分裂指数 (MI)、增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)、细胞核DNA含量。结果　泮托拉唑组、重组人生长激素组、两药合用组MI、PCNA阳性染色细胞量、细胞核DNA含量均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,两药合用组MI、PCNA阳性染色细胞量、细胞核DNA含量均高于泮托拉唑组、重组人生长激素组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但各组间肝功能变化无明显差异。结论　泮托拉唑组及重组人生长激素均对肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除术后肝细胞再生有促进作用 ,两药联合应用肝细胞再生更明显 ,其详细机制须待进一步研究。     

Iron deficiency down-regulates the Akt/TSC1-TSC2/mammalian Target of Rapamycin signaling pathway in rats and in COS-1 cells

Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most commonly known forms of nutritional deficiencies. Low body iron is thought to induce neurologic defects but may also play a protective role against cancer development by cell growth arrest. Thus, ID may affect cellular pathways controlling cell growth and proliferation, the mechanism of which is still not fully understood. The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt and its downstream target, the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), is known to play a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth and survival. Therefore, we hypothesized that Akt/mTOR pathway could be influenced by ID. Three-week-old male Wistar-strain rats were divided into 3 groups and the 2 groups had free access to a control diet (C group) or an iron-deficient diet (D group). The third group (PF group) were pair-fed the control diet to the mean intake of the D group. After 4 weeks, rats were killed and their brains were sampled. In separate experiments, COS-1 cells were cultured with or without the iron chelator deferoxamine. Western blots of brain samples and COS-1 lysates were used to analyze the expression and phosphorylation state of Akt, TSC2, mTOR, and S6 kinase proteins implicated in the Akt/mTOR pathway. Using 2 different ID models, we show for the first time that iron deficiency depresses Akt activity in rats and in COS-1 cells, leading to a decrease in mTOR activity.     

DA→LEW大鼠肝脏急性排斥反应模型的技术改进与评价

目的:建立大鼠肝脏移植急性排斥反应模型并改进其手术技巧,对所建模型进行评价。方法:采用近交系雄性DA大鼠60只,Lewis大鼠120只,分为两组,其中A组30例:Lewis大鼠为供体(n=30),Lewis大鼠为受体;B组60例:DA大鼠为供体(n=60),Lewis大鼠为受体。采用改良“二袖套”法建立肝脏移植模型,观察手术成功率、平均存活时间、术后第1、3、5、7和10 d各时相点血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)水平以及移植肝脏的病理学变化。结果:手术成功率为93.3%(84/90);总耗时(90.0±15.0)min;无肝期时间(14.2±2.6)min;平均存活时间A组超过100d,B组(16.2±1.4)d;术后第5 d B组血清ALT和TBIL升高,与A组比较差异非常显著(P<0.01);B组移植肝脏病理检查有明显的排斥反应,而A组没有。结论:DA→LEW(Lewis)大鼠的品系组合是稳定的肝脏移植急性排斥反应模型;通过改进手术技巧提高了手术成功率,为进一步研究提供技术保障。     

氨溴索对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠模型肺的保护作用

①目的　探讨氨溴索对肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)大鼠模型肺内表达与分布的影响以及肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞超微结构的影响。②方法　实验大鼠随机分为 3组 :健康对照组 (n =8) ,COPD模型组 (n =1 2 ) ,氨溴索干预组 (n =1 2 )。采用熏吸香烟并气管内注入脂多糖法建立大鼠COPD模型 ,氨溴索干预组于COPD模型开始建立时腹腔注射氨溴索溶液 4 0mg/ (kg·d) ,连续 4 0d。观察各组气道炎症的病理特点、超微结构特点、血气指标、肺泡平均内衬间隔、平均肺泡数。应用原位杂交法检测TNF α基因表达的相对含量。③结果　所建COPD模型的病理以及病理生理学改变符合人类COPD的特点。氨溴索干预组肺泡平均内衬间隔、平均肺泡数、TNF α表达强度与健康对照组、COPD模型组比较差异有显著性 (F =3.2 4～ 1 1 .1 1 ,q =4 .74～ 36 .2 2 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ;动脉血氧分压、二氧化碳分压差异亦有显著性 (F =3.30、8.79,q =3.5 0～ 8.6 9,P <0 .0 5 )。 ④结论　长期应用氨溴索对COPD大鼠模型气道炎症有明显的抑制作用     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在实验性硬脑膜重建中的应用

[目的] 探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子( bFGF)在实验性自体筋膜硬脑膜重建中的应用价值.[方法]取 SD大鼠 35只,分成 5组.其中 A组 3只,直接将背部筋膜覆盖在硬膜外, B组 5只,采用自体筋膜硬脑膜重建模型,通过免疫组织化学方法观察这两组大鼠自体筋膜硬脑膜移植的愈合过程及细胞因子 bFGF在其中的表达; C组、 D组、 E组各 9只,分别进行自体筋膜硬脑膜重建, D组加用外源性 bFGF, E组仅用明胶海绵,通过脑脊液漏研究、免疫组织化学方法研究外源性 bFGF对自体筋膜重建硬脑膜愈合过程的影响并用 RT- PCR方法研究内源性 bFGF mRNA的表达情况.[结果] 大鼠自体筋膜移植硬脑膜部位 bFGF表达明显; C、 D、 E组大鼠重建硬脑膜抵抗脑脊液漏压力值( mmH2O)分别为 311± 75, 497± 153, 338± 88,Ⅰ型胶原纤维表达值分别为 4.9± 0.8, 10.9± 1.6, 5.3± 0.9, D组均好于对照组( P< 0.05);内源性 bFGF mRNA的表达没有明显变化.[结论] 在自体筋膜移植硬脑膜的愈合过程中 bFGF可能起了重要的作用;外源性 bFGF处理的大鼠其移植筋膜愈合要好于对照组.     

丹参与雷公藤多甙联合治疗急性坏死性胰腺炎的实验研究

目的　探讨丹参与雷公藤多甙联合应用对急性坏死性胰腺炎 (acutenecrotizingpancreatitis,ANP)的治疗作用。 方法　采用单次过量 2 0 %L 精氨酸 (10 0 0mg/ 10 0g大鼠体重 )皮下注射建立ANP动物模型。测定血清淀粉酶、TNF α、IL 1β水平 ,并观察胰腺组织的病理变化。根据血清淀粉酶、TNF α、IL 1β水平及胰腺组织的变化来评价胰腺炎的严重程度。 结果　大鼠皮下注射过量L 精氨酸后 ,血清淀粉酶、TNF α、IL 1β水平升高 ,胰腺变性坏死。丹参与雷公藤多甙联合治疗ANP ,可显著降低血清淀粉酶、抑制炎症细胞因子的过度生成 ,组织受损程度明显减轻。结论　丹参与雷公藤多甙联合应用对ANP动物模型具有很好治疗效果 ,可能具有临床应用价值     

The effect of seamustard on blood lipid profiles and glucose level of rats fed diet with different energy composition

Recently, Korean people are consuming seaweeds almost 3.5 times more now than three decades ago. It is well known that seaweeds contain lots of soluble dietary fiber in addition to micronutrients such as β-carotene, iodine and some bioactive components. Seaweeds are considered to be effective for preventing chronic diseases including obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cancer or constipation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of seamustard intake on body weight gain, blood glucose level and lipid profiles in rats fed diets with different energy nutrient composition. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (average initial weight 103.7 g) were divided into groups for two experiments as follows; Control, M2.5 & M5 groups (Exp. I) and M5, M10, HCM5, HCM10, HFM5 & HFM10 groups (Exp. II). The rats were fed diet and water ad libitum for 4 weeks. In general, there was no significant difference in blood glucose and triglyceride concentration among groups. In Exp. I, serum LDL-cholesterol level of rats fed diet with 5% seamustard powder (M5) was significantly lower than that of control group, while HDL-cholesterol level, TC/LDL ratio and weight of adrenal gland were higher. In Exp. II, food intake, body weight gain and EER of high fat diet with 10% seamustard group (HFM10) were the lowest among groups. Except gastrocnemius muscle, all organ weights of HFM10 group were the lowest. Fecal cholesterol excretion and serum LDL-cholesterol concentration of HFM10 group were the highest, while serum HDL-cholesterol level was the lowest among groups. Interestingly, HDL-cholesterol concentration was the highest in HCM5 group among groups. From these results, it was suggested that seamustard intake might be more effective for body weight control, but not for improving blood lipid profiles in high fat diet than in high carbohydrate diet.     

Dissociative anesthesia and striatal neuronal electrophysiology.

Compared with results obtained in locally anesthetized, paralyzed rats, the dissociative anesthetic ketamine did not alter either the number of spontaneously active striatal neurons or the basal firing rate of striatal neurons; 90% of these cells exhibited the type I striatal neuron waveform. Chloral hydrate anesthesia suppressed both the occurrence and the firing rate of spontaneously active type I cells, but did not alter the activity of type II striatal neurons. Cortical stimulation preferentially activated type II cells in paralyzed rats and in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats. Thus, under dissociative anesthesia it is possible to study spontaneously active type I striatal neurons. However, a method of activation such as cortical stimulation is necessary to study type II striatal neurons.