Human apolipoprotein A-I Gly26Arg stimulation of inflammatory responses via NF-kB activation: Potential roles in amyloidosis?

The cascade of molecular events leading to Human apolipoprotein A–I (apoA–I) amyloidosis is not completely understood, not even the pathways that determine clinical manifestations associated to systemic protein deposition in organs such as liver, kidney and heart. About twenty natural variants of apoA–I were described as inducing amyloidosis, but the mechanisms driving their aggregation and deposition are still unclear. We previously identified that the mutant Gly26Arg but not Lys107-0 induced the release of cytokines and reactive oxygen species from cultured RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, suggesting that part of the pathogenic pathway could elicit of an inflammatory signal. In this work we gained deep insight into this mechanism and determined that Gly26Arg induced a specific pro-inflammatory cascade involving activation of NF-κB and its translocation into the nucleus. These findings suggest that some but not all apoA–I natural variants might promote a pro-oxidant microenvironment which could in turn result in oxidative processing of the variants into a misfolded conformation.     

Maternal influenza vaccination and child mortality: Longitudinal,population-based linked cohort study

Influenza vaccination is recommended to protect mothers and their infants from influenza. Few studies have evaluated the association between maternal influenza vaccination and child mortality. We aimed to evaluate the association between in utero exposure to seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and mortality among young children. This longitudinal, population-based cohort study included 191,247 maternal-child pairs in Western Australia between April 2012 and December 2017. Maternal vaccine information was obtained from a state-wide antenatal vaccination database. Mortality was defined as a record of a death registration. We used Cox proportional hazard models, weighted by the inverse-probability of treatment (vaccination), to estimate the hazard ratio of child mortality associated with in utero exposure to seasonal IIV. This study found no association between in utero exposure to seasonal IIV and mortality through age five years.     

子宫内膜癌患者住院费用的影响因素分析

目的 探究子宫内膜癌患者住院费用的影响因素，为控制医疗费用提供参考依据。方法 收集河南省某三甲医院2017—2019年的相关数据，采用描述性分析、单因素分析和多因素分析的统计方法进行研究。结果 子宫内膜癌患者的年龄中位数为54岁，住院天数中位数为11天，住院费用中位数为40510.48元。药费占比最高，为20.48%；综合医疗服务类费用增长最快，年均增长率为26.28%。年龄、病例类型、住院天数与是否手术是影响住院费用的主要因素。结论 子宫内膜癌住院患者的经济负担较重，需采取综合措施以降低住院总费用。     

Analysis of the correlation between P27 expression and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancer

We aimed to explore the correlation between P27 expression and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric cancer, so as to provide evidence for understanding the pathogenesis of gastric cancer caused by H. pylori infection. A total of 82 samples of gastric cancer tissues and 56 samples of tumor-adjacent normal tissues collected from the gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. Then, 14C-urease breathing test was carried out to evaluate the infection of H. pylori in gastric cancer tissues, the expression of P27 in the tissue samples was detected by the immunohistochemistry staining, and the correlation between the H. pylori infection and P27 expression in gastric cancer was analyzed. Of 82 gastric cancer patients, there were 53 patients with H. pylori infection (64.63%). Among the patients with highly or moderately differentiated gastric cancer, the expression of P27 was much higher than that of patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer (p < 0.01). Besides, comparison of the P27 expression between males and females, among different age groups, tumor sizes, TNM stages, tumor infiltration degrees, or lymph node metastasis, showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). Analysis of the correlation revealed that P27 expression was negatively correlated with the infection of H. pylori (p < 0.01). Multifactorial logistics regression analysis indicated that tumor differentiation was a risk factor of P27-positive expression in gastric cancer tissues (p < 0.01). In addition, P27 expression in the gastric cancer tissues was lower than that in the tumor-adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.01). In gastric cancer patients, expression of P27 is correlated with H. pylori infection which, via downregulating P27, can cause the cancerization of gastric mucosa, and P27, for its role in the development and progression of gastric cancer, is a potential auxiliary indicator for clinical diagnosis whether gastric cancer is complicated with H. pylori infection. So, P27 is a key indicator for diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of disease in the advanced stage.     

H3K27M mutation in adult cerebellar glioblastoma

A methionine substitution of lysine at residue 27 of histone H3 (H3K27M) mutation has become synonymous with malignant pediatric diffuse midline glioma (DMG), that occurs commonly in the brainstem. Therefore, recent reports that this same mutation occurs in malignant adult glioblastoma (GBM) located in the cerebellum are both unexpected and intriguing. The biological and clinical considerations of this novel finding are discussed.     

以手术治疗参与的综合治疗在Ⅱ~ⅢA期小细胞肺癌中的应用效果

目的比较以手术治疗参与的综合治疗、单纯放化疗对Ⅱ~ⅢA期小细胞肺癌患者的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2012年12月至2014年12月收治的50例小细胞肺癌患者的临床资料。根据治疗方式将50例患者分为观察组和对照组,每组25例。观察组采用以手术治疗参与的综合治疗,对照组采用单纯放化疗。比较两组患者的生存率。结果观察组患者的1、2、3及5年生存率分别为80.00%、60.00%、52.00%、32.00%,均高于对照组患者的52.00%、32.00%、24.00%、8.00%(P<0.05)。结论给予Ⅱ~ⅢA期小细胞肺癌患者以手术治疗参与的综合治疗,可以延长患者的生存时间,具有积极的临床价值。