注射用法莫替丁细菌内毒素检查法研究

目的对注射用法莫替丁进行细菌内毒素检查法研究,建立其细菌内毒素检查方法,并且提高药品检验标准。方法按《中国药典）2005年版二部附录ⅪE细菌内毒素检查法,用不同厂家不同规格的鲎试剂对不同批号的注射用法莫替丁进行了干扰试验和细菌内毒素检查。结果本品稀释到0．5mg．mL^-1浓度对细菌内毒素检查法无干扰作用,按拟定标准。12个厂家生产的25批该品种均符合规定。结论本品按限值L=O．25EU．mg^-1进行细菌内毒素检查是可行的。     

Opposing influences of emotional and non-emotional distracters upon sustained prefrontal cortex activity during a delayed-response working memory task

Performance in delayed-response working memory (WM) tasks is typically associated with sustained activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) that spans the delay between the memoranda and the memory probe. Recent studies have demonstrated that novel distracters presented during the delay interval both affect sustained activation and impair WM performance. However, the effect of the performance-impairing distracters upon sustained dlPFC delay activity was related to the characteristics of the distracters: memoranda-confusable distracters increased delay activity, whereas memoranda-nonconfusable emotional distracters decreased delay activity. Because these different effects were observed in different studies, it is possible that different dlPFC regions were involved and the paradox is more apparent than real. To investigate this possibility, event-related fMRI data were recorded while subjects performed a WM task for faces with memoranda-confusable (novel faces) and memoranda-nonconfusable emotional (novel scenes) distracters presented during the delay interval. Consistent with previous findings, confusable face distracters increased dlPFC delay activity, while nonconfusable emotional distracters decreased dlPFC delay activity, and these opposing effects modulated activity in the same dlPFC regions. These results provide direct evidence that specific regions of the dlPFC are generally involved in mediating the effects of distraction, while showing sensitivity to the nature of distraction. These findings are relevant for understanding alterations in the neural mechanisms associated with both general impairment of cognitive control and with specific impairment in the ability to control emotional distraction, such as those observed in aging and affective disorders, respectively.     

Using the acoustic interference pattern to locate the focus of a high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) transducer

One of the main problems encountered when using conventional B-mode ultrasound (US) for targeting and monitoring purposes during ablation therapies employing high-intensity focused US (HIFU) is the appearance of strong interference in the obtained diagnostic US images. In this study, instead of avoiding the interference noise, we demonstrate how we used it to locate the focus of the HIFU transducer in both in vitro tissue-mimicking phantoms and an ex vivo tissue block. We found that when the B-mode image plane coincided with the HIFU focal plane, the interference noise was maximally converged and enhanced compared with the off-focus situations. Stronger interference noise was recorded when the angle (alpha) between the US image plane and the HIFU axis was less than or equal to 90 degrees. By intentionally creating a target (group of bubbles) at the 3.5-MHz HIFU focus (7.1 mm in length and 0.7 mm in diameter), the position of the maximal noise convergence coincided well with the target. The difference between the predicted focus and the actual one (bubbles) on x and z axes (axes perpendicular to the HIFU central axis, Fig. 1) were both about 0.9 mm. For y axis (HIFU central axis), the precision was within 1.0 mm. For tissue block ablation, the interference noise concentrated at the position of maximal heating of the HIFU-induced lesions. The proposed method can also be used to predict the position of the HIFU focus by using a low intensity output scheme before permanent changes in the target tissue were made.     

复兴医院社区高血压管理与控制

目的 :探讨高血压的社区综合性管理与控制。　　方法 :利用在居民区中建立的社区卫生服务站 ,对 3 5岁以上检出患有高血压的居民进行为期 3年的综合性管理与控制。　　结果 :高血压管理率由原 4 5 .80 %上升至 82 .3 2 % ,血压在 14 0 / 90 mm Hg( 1mm Hg=0 .13 3 k Pa)以下的控制率由原4 .2 1%提高为 5 0 .71% ,规范服药率由原 2 0 .10 %上升至 72 .63 %。　　结论 :1利用社区卫生服务站进行高血压社区人群综合性管理与控制更符合成本效益原则 ;2每月测量 1次血压为经济有效的管理 ;3社区卫生服务站固定的合作关系及新型的医患模式能提高人群高血压的管理率、控制率。     

有氧运动处方对大学生单纯性肥胖干预效果观察

目的　研究有氧运动对大学生单纯性肥胖的影响 ,为推动全民健身运动提供科学参考依据。　方法　采用中小强度的有氧运动处方进行训练 ,对实验对象身体各项指标变化进行实验前后的比较与分析。　结果　训练 8周后 ,男生平均体重降低 10 .40 kg;女生平均体重降低 10 .18kg。男女生的脉搏、血压也都表现出下降趋势 ,肺活量指标有所提高。　结论　有氧运动具有明显地控制体重、减少体内脂肪的作用 ,适度的运动不仅可以增加过剩热量的消耗 ,还可以改善心血管功能。对于单纯性肥胖症 ,有氧运动疗法优于其它疗法 ,且条件简单 ,效果明显 ,具有一定的优越性。     

布鲁氏菌属内S型与R型菌种在小鼠体内干扰的研究

本试验证明,S型104M、Rev-1.S₂菌与R型RM6/66菌混合注射小鼠,S型布氏菌在体内明显地干扰了R型RM6/66菌生存。这个现象可以解释在S型菌布病疫区内很难分到R型布氏菌的流行病学现象。     

Non-interference of Bovine-Human reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine ROTASIIL® with the immunogenicity of infant vaccines in comparison with a licensed rotavirus vaccine

BackgroundA newly developed bovine-human reassortant pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, ROTASIIL®) was tested for its potential effect on the immunogenicity of concomitantly administered EPI vaccines in infants in a randomized controlled study in India.MethodsIn this Phase III, multicenter, open label, randomized, controlled study, three doses of BRV-PV or two doses of Rotarix® and one dose of placebo were given to healthy infants at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Subjects also received three doses of DTwP-HepB-Hib (diphtheria, tetanus, whole-cell pertussis, hepatitis B, and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate – pentavalent vaccine) and oral polio vaccine concomitantly at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age and a single dose of inactivated polio vaccine at 14 weeks of age. Blood samples were collected four weeks after the final vaccination to assess immune responses to all the vaccines administered. For diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B, Hib, polio type 1, and polio type 3 antibodies, non-interference was to be supported if the lower limit of the two-sided 90% confidence interval (CI) for the seroprotection rate difference for the BRV-PV group minus the Rotarix® group was >10.0%. For pertussis antibodies, non-interference was to be supported if the lower limit of the two-sided 90% CI for the ratio of geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) was >0.5.ResultsA total of 1500 infants were randomized to either BRV-PV (1125 infants) or Rotarix® (375 infants), of which 1341 completed the study as per the protocol. More than 97% of subjects achieved seroprotective antibody titres against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B, Hib, polio type 1, and polio type 3 in both groups. The difference in seroprotection rates between the BRV-PV group and the Rotarix® group for all these antibodies was less than 1%. The ratio of GMCs of anti-pertussis IgG concentrations for the BRV-PV group versus Rotarix® was 1.04 [90% CI: 0.90; 1.19].ConclusionBRV-PV does not interfere with the immunogenicity of concomitantly administered routine infants vaccines.     

转铁蛋白受体1对淀粉样蛋白前体/早老素1转基因小鼠神经元的保护作用

目的 探讨转铁蛋白受体1(TfR1)在淀粉样蛋白前体（APP）/早老素1（PS1）转基因小鼠脑内异常表达情况及其对阿尔茨海默病（AD）神经元的保护作用。 方法 首先,利用免疫荧光及Western blotting技术检测出生后1月（P1M）至P12M各发育时间点,APP/PS1转基因小鼠与野生型小鼠大脑TfR1的表达情况;其次,取APP/PS1转基因与野生型新生小鼠原代海马神经元培养,培养12 d后利用TfR1 shRNA质粒干扰TfR1基因的表达,利用Western blotting技术检测干扰后细胞TfR1的表达变化;ELISA技术检测TfR1干扰前后细胞β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)_1-42的分泌量;利用微管相关蛋白2(MAP2)标记神经元突起,观察TfR1干扰前、后神经元突起的生长变化;最后,利用FM1-43染色观察由TfR1介导的轴质运输中囊泡的运输情况。 结果 在APP/PS1转基因小鼠生长发育过程中,随着年龄的增长TfR1的表达呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在P6M之后明显降低,且与对照组相比差异有显著性;TfR1 shRNA 干扰后可以使原代神经元细胞内TfR1基因沉默,使其突起明显变细、变长并影响囊泡的运输。与对照组相比,TfR1基因在APP/PS1转基因小鼠原代神经元中表达量减少,荧光减弱。 结论 APP、PS1基因突变可导致TfR1的表达下降;APP/PS1转基因小鼠原代神经元经TfR1 shRNA干扰Aβ_1-42分泌量增多,影响神经元突起的生长,使轴质运输速率减慢,囊泡的活动减缓,加重AD病情。故TfR1的表达可以对神经元起到保护作用。     

Screw oversizing for anterior cruciate ligament graft fixation in primary and enlarged tibial tunnels: A biomechanical study in a porcine model

Background

Ideal diameter for tibial interference screw fixation of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft remains controversial. Tibial graft fixation with screws matching the tunnel diameter vs. one-millimetre oversized screws were compared.