趋化因子RANTES对人外周血单个核细胞的免疫活化作用

目的　探讨趋化因子RANTES刺激对人外周血单个核细胞 (PMNC)的免疫活化作用及其内在机制。方法　分离人外周血 ,应用不同终浓度的人重组RANTES(rhRANTES)以及抗CD3单克隆抗体 (抗CD3mAb)进行体外刺激 ,并对增殖反应显著者给予吡咯啉烷二甲基硫脲 (PDTC)或CTLA4Ig进行干预。采用3 H 胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入法检测PMNC增殖程度 ,流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞表型的变化。结果　rhRANTES终浓度为 10 0ng/ml和 5 0 0 0ng/ml时 ,诱导PMNC增殖反应出现两次峰值 ;rhRANTES(10 0ng/ml)刺激产生的增殖反应显著高于抗CD3mAb(5 0ng/ml)的刺激 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但两者无拮抗或协同作用 ;PDTC和CTLA4Ig对rhRANTES(10 0ng/ml)诱导的增殖反应均能产生抑制作用 ,并呈现剂量依赖性 ;rhRANTES刺激后 ,淋巴细胞CD2 5表达率显著增加 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而人RANTES的受体CCR5表达率显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,CD2 8表达率及CD4 /CD8比值无明显改变(P >0 .0 5 )。结论　RANTES趋化信号具有不依赖于CD3信号的独特的诱导PMNC免疫活化的功能。     

The Makari skin test and immunocompetence in bladder cancer

Summary In two groups of bladder cancer patients with localised pathological stage P1 or P2 tumours, 21 with and 22 without recurrent disease, the results of the Makari skin test were compared with measurements of immunological competence, including delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to microbial antigens, lymphoproliferative response to PHA, T cell numbers and serum immunoglobulins. Both groups of patients showed a reduc tion in immunological competence when compared with a control group of 20 patients of a similar age range with benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, comparison of these measurements in 21 Makari positive with 22 Makari negative patients did not demonstrate any significant differences. It is concluded that further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of the Makari skin test.     

Trace element regulation of immunity and infection

Nutritional deficiency is associated with impaired immunocompetence and increased susceptibility to infection. Among other nutrients, several trace elements have been shown to regulate immune responses. Zinc deficiency results in lymphoid atrophy and decreased capacity to respond to many T-dependent antigens. Plaque forming cell response to heterologous red cells is decreased as is the function of B cells. The generation of cytotoxic spleen cells following in vivo immunization with tumor cells is reduced, whereas natural killer cell activity and antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity are largely unchanged. Iron deficiency is associated with slight reduction in rosette-forming T cells, impaired lymphocyte proliferation response to mitogens and antigens, and decreased bactericidal capacity of neutrophils. Copper deficiency results in decreased antibody-forming cell response and increased susceptibility to a variety of microorganisms. Selenium deficiency reduces T cell dependent antibody responses, particularly in association with vitamin E deficiency. Thymic hormone activity is reduced in deficiencies of zinc, copper and selenium. Excess intake of many essential trace elements also depresses immune responses. Many of the heavy metals produce impaired cell-mediated immunity. These effects of trace elements on immunity and infection may have important fundamental and clinical implications.     

中药猫爪草有效部位的免疫活性研究

目的：确定猫爪草有效部位对实验动物免疫功能的影响。方法：环磷酰胺造模法制作免疫抑制小鼠模型，灌胃给药，观察和比较猫爪草多糖、皂苷对其腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能、溶血素形成以及外周血T淋巴细胞数的影响。结果：猫爪草多糖、皂苷可使吞噬百分率、吞噬指数显著升高；猫爪草多糖、皂苷可显著促进溶血素的形成并提高外周血中T淋巴细胞数。结论：猫爪草的有效部位对免疫抑制小鼠有免疫兴奋作用。     

两种枸杞糖肽促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用比较

目的比较两种枸杞糖肽的免疫活性。方法常规制备小鼠脾细胞悬液，分别加入浓度为500，100，10，1 μg·mL 1的两种枸杞糖肽样品（实验室提取和工业化生产的枸杞糖肽样品）溶液，空白对照组不加入药物。将各组细胞悬液平均分成两组，其中一组加入10 μg·mL 1的ConA（作为阳性对照）。将各细胞悬液置于37 ℃、5%二氧化碳温箱培养72 h后，分别采用流式细胞仪和MTT比色法对样品进行分析。结果流式细胞仪分析结果显示，两种枸杞糖肽样品均能促进小鼠脾细胞增殖反应，与ConA合用时，均具有协同作用。MTT比色法结果表明：实验室提取的枸杞糖肽样品能明显促进小鼠脾细胞增殖反应，与空白对照组比较，差异有极显著性（P＜0.01）；工业化生产的枸杞糖肽样品在较大剂量时对脾细胞有明显促增殖作用；与ConA合用时，实验室生产的样品在较大剂量时具有协同作用，工业化生产的样品有明显的协同作用（P＜0.05）。结论两种样品均具有较强的免疫活性。     

鬼毛针多糖免疫调节活性的实验研究

目的观察鬼毛针多糖对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量的鬼毛针多糖(5,10,20mg·kg-1·d-1),对照组给予等量生理盐水,每天给药1次,连续14d后,用血细胞计数仪检测小鼠血象;用腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验、碳粒廓清实验观察小鼠吞噬细胞的吞噬能力;采用MTT法测定小鼠脾T淋巴细胞增殖能力;采用血清溶血素形成实验观察鬼毛针多糖对小鼠特异性体液免疫功能的影响。结果中、高剂量鬼毛针多糖可以在正常范围内增加小鼠血清中淋巴细胞(LY)、单核细胞(MO)数量;增强吞噬细胞吞噬功能;促进脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖;并且鬼毛针多糖还具有增加小鼠血清中特异性抗体含量的功能。结论鬼毛针多糖对小鼠吞噬细胞的吞噬功能和体液免疫功能有一定的增强作用。     

夏枯草多糖抗单纯性疱疹病毒及相关免疫活性初步研究

目的探讨夏枯草多糖抗单纯性疱疹病毒(HSV)及相关的免疫作用。方法通过96孔板病毒中和实验,观察细胞致病作用(CPE),体外研究夏枯草多糖的抗病毒作用,同时通过淋巴细胞转化增殖及细胞因子(IFN-γ)诱生实验研究夏枯草多糖的免疫活性。结果夏枯草多糖各部位(20mg/ml)分别在24,48h内可减轻CPE,直接杀灭病毒作用较弱;免疫学试验表明体外均能明显促进淋巴细胞转化增殖,且有明显的剂量依赖性,并均能明显诱生IFN-γ。结论夏枯草多糖用于单纯性疱疹的治疗作用,可能不是由对病毒的直接作用引起的,而是促进淋巴细胞转化增殖和诱生干扰素等免疫调节作用的结果。     

羟氯喹在改善胎盘源性妊娠并发症中的应用及研究进展

羟氯喹(hydroxychloroquine,HCQ)是一种传统抗疟药,主要具有抑制细胞自噬的作用,因其母胎安全性,可用于计划妊娠的自身免疫性疾病患者,并被推荐孕前、孕期持续应用.近年来HCQ在妊娠中的应用愈发受到重视,由于其免疫调节和内皮保护作用,在自身免疫性疾病(如系统性红斑狼疮、抗磷脂综合征)合并妊娠的患者中有明...     

羊胎盘提取液的活性检测实验研究

研究羊胎盘提取液(sheep placenta extract,SPE)的免疫活性。对活性测定脱E受体法中2个影响玫瑰花环形成的重要因素—脱E受体和受体重新合成时间进行了比较和筛选,并对SPE剂量效应及由不同保存期羊胎盘制备的SPE免疫活性进行比较研究。结果在E玫瑰花环实验中当45℃水浴脱E受体时间为45 min,37℃水浴E受体重新合成时间为90 min时,玫瑰花环形成率增加值最大。花环形成率与SPE刺激剂量存在非线性关系,浓度为0.125~1 mg/ml的SPE花环形成效果较好。保存1年的羊胎盘制备的SPE免疫活性明显低于新鲜羊胎盘制备的SPE免疫活性(P<0.01)。新鲜羊胎盘制备的SPE可作为免疫调节类生物药品研发,其活性检测应选择一定的剂量范围。     

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immune competent patient

A 50-year-old female developed a swelling in the epigastrium which later ruptured to form a sinus. A diagnosis of primary cutaneous cryptococcosis was made with the help of histopathology and microbiological studies. Treatment with amphotericin-B and 5-flucytosine gave a good therapeutic response and the sinus healed within 2 months.