Langerhans cell histiocytosis in monocygote twins: case reports

Langerhans cell histiocytosis includes three clinical forms of histocytosis X. We describe a disseminated form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (Letterer-Siwe disease) in monozygotic twins. The twins showed simultaneous onset of disease, almost identical clinical follow-up and findings on cranial CT. The cause of this phenomenon remains unknown.     

自体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病

为探讨恶性血液病的有效治疗方法,应用自体骨髓移植(ABMT)38例,自体外周血造血干细胞移植(ABSCT)13例,自体外周血造血干细胞与自体骨髓联合移植15例。治疗白血病54例,恶性淋巴瘤11例,多发性骨髓瘤1例。外周血造血干细胞采用化疗加多抗甲素或C—CSF动员。移植物采用微波、阿克拉霉素净化处理。结果:两组动员方案均有良好动员效果。ABSCT组及联合移植组造血功能恢复比ABMT组快(P<0.05),合并症少。66例中,45例仍呈持续缓解(CCR),中位CCR时间32(5～98)个月,复发21例。3年无病生存率及复发率分别为68.5％及26.1％。结果表明:自体造血干细胞移植是根治恶性血液病的有效手段。ABSCT及联合移植具有造血功能恢复快,合并症少等优点。微波和阿克拉霉素体外净化移植物是一种简便、有效的净化方法。     

荧光探针标记单克隆抗体在不同条件下的荧光变化

应用流式细胞术，探讨了不同贮存条件和时间对ＦＩＴＣ和ＰＥ标记单抗的荧光变化。结果表明４℃－３０℃１冷冻干燥对ＦＩＴＣ标主单抗无明显影响，ＰＥ偶联物皮４℃为宜。两种标记物检测的正常粉外周血Ｔ细胞及其亚群结果一致。     

Granular cell abrikossoff tumours of the larynx and tongue treated with the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser

Seven cases of granular cell Abrikossoff tumours of the larynx and tongue are reported: four in the tongue and three in the larynx. All of these tumours were removed with the carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser. The anatomical site of the origin and clinical features of granular cell tumours (GCT) are not specific. Histological, light microscopic, electron microscopic (EM) and immunohistochemical studies are required for diagnosis. The histogenesis and cellular derivation of GCTs is still controversial. The biological potential and lack of cellular atypia define a benign process. However, it is important to take into account that these tumours have ill-defined borders without a capsule. Radiation therapy has proved ineffective in the past. Surgical excision with a wide margin is required. Because of numerous advantages, for example, no bleeding, no oedema, minimal pain and quick recovery, CO₂ laser removal is the treatment of choice. The authors have not seen any recurrence or complications.     

Localization of tissue plasminogen activator mRNA in adult rat brain

The distribution of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) messenger RNA in rat brain was studied using in situ hybridization with ³⁵S UTP-labeled RNA probes derived from a fulllength tPA cDNA. Sense strand controls produced low, even backgrounds, with small elevations in the hippocampus. Full-length antisense probes produced strong signals over cerebral ventricular ependyma (including ependyma of the subcommissural organ), meninges, blood vessels, and Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, as well as strong signals over scattered cells throughout the brain. Some of these scattered labeled cells were large with lightly stained nuclei, while others were small with darkly stained nuclei. The large labeled cells, which were probably neurons, constituted 8% and 8% of cells in the brain stem and neocortex, respectively, and 100% of Purkinje cells. The small cells, which were present in all areas of the brain, constituted 3–11 % of cells in individual brain areas.     

肺癌放疗或化疗后的病理形态及PCNA,p53表达的观察

应用抗增殖细胞核抗原和抑癌基因ｐ５３蛋白的单克隆抗体对３７例放疗或化疗后的肺癌进行了检测，并与未经术前治疗的肺癌组织进行对照，部分组织进行了超微结构观察。结果发现：（１）放疗或化疗对肺癌组织细胞浆及胞核有不同程度的破坏。（２）放、化疗后组织（除分化型腺癌外）ＰＣＮＡ指数下降明显（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。（３）放疗后肺癌组织ｐ５３表达率减低，但化疗后变化不明显。     

维生素E对培养心肌细胞脂质过氧化损伤的保护

应用氢过氧化枯烯引发体外培养的乳鼠心肌细胞脂质过氧化损伤过程，观察了添加维生素Ｅ（２００ｍｇ／Ｌ的α－生育酚）的影响。结果显示：维生素Ｅ能明显减轻细胞脂质过氧化物的蓄积、细胞内肌酸激酶漏出和ＤＮＡ断裂，保护细胞膜流动性、肌球蛋白轻链肌酸激酶和头部ＡＴＰ酶的活性；但对￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入的影响不显著。表明维生素Ｅ具有抵抗脂质过氧化所致心肌细胞损伤的作用。     

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small cell tumor presenting as an acute abdomen after trauma

The intraperitoneal mass most commonly encountered after blunt abdominal truama is a hematoma. However, one must also consider unusual bulky tumors that can have imaging characteristics similar to those of hematoma. The most typical of these neoplasms is lymphoma, but a desmoplastic small cell tumor also may be observed. The presentation and imaging findings of a desmoplastic small tumor are described.     

Persistent bone marrow failure with dysplastic features following pentostatin therapy for hairy cell leukaemia

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have rarely been reported after treatment with nucleoside analogues, and mainly in patients who have also received alkylating agents. We report a patient who developed MDS (refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts) after treatment with pentostatin (deoxycoformycin) alone.