小花八角枝叶中的薄荷烷型单萜

目的研究有毒药用植物小花八角Illicium micranthum枝叶的化学成分及其对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的毒杀活性。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等方法对小花八角枝叶的化学成分进行系统的分离,通过质谱、核磁共振谱等波谱方法,结合理化性质分析鉴定化合物结构;采用触杀胃毒联合毒力方法测定化合物2对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的毒杀活性。结果从小花八角枝叶甲醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到5个薄荷烷型单萜化合物,分别鉴定为(-)-(1R*,4S*)-1-羟甲基-2-烯基-4-异丙基-1,4-环己二醇(1)、(1R,2R,4R)-1-甲基-4-异丙基-1,2,4-环己三醇(2)、4-羟基胡椒酮(3)、乳香醇C(4)、α,α-二甲基-4-羟甲基苯甲醇(5)。其中化合物1为新化合物,命名为小花八角素A。结论化合物1为新化合物,化合物2~5为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物2对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的毒杀活性与浓度呈正相关,48 h后的LD50值为30.4 mg/L,72 h后的LD50值为22.5 mg/L。     

红茴香及莽草的本草考证

红茴香又称莽草、红毒茴,为我国特产的药用与芳香植物。莽草之名始见于《山海经》,药用最早记载于《神农本草经》。其基原植物包括八角属植物披针叶茴香Illicium lanceolatum A.C.Smith和红茴香Illicium henryi Diels。而禾本科芒属的芒草Miscanthus sinensis Anderss.和卫矛科的雷公藤Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.则为混淆种。莽草在我国主要分布于河南、河北、湖北、四川以及浙江、福建等地。莽草及红茴香的多数种类均有毒性。对红茴香及莽草的名称、产地、基原、性味功能等进行考证,以求正本清源,为红茴香药用资源的开发及合理利用提供依据。     

高效液相色谱法测定广西不同产地八角果实的莽草酸含量

 目的建立反相高效液相色谱法测定八角茴香中莽草酸含量的方法。方法色谱柱为Venusil HILIC(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.5%三氟乙酸(95∶5),流速l.0 mL·min^-1,检测波长为210 nm。结果平均回收率为99.54%,RSD为1.28%,符合分析要求。该方法的标准曲线为Y=33 277ρ+149.32,r=0.998 9,线性范围为0.001～6μg。结论方法简便、结果准确、重复性好,适用于含有莽草酸的药材及制剂的质量分析。     

气相色谱-质谱法分析不同药店八角茴香挥发油的化学成分

目的分析不同药店八角茴香挥发油的化学成分。方法用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油后,采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析。结果 1～5号样品挥发油中均主要含有反式茴香脑(63.6%～85.9%),柠檬烯(0%～4.77%)芳樟醇(0.46%～1.18%),草蒿脑(1.97%～7.95%),桉油精(0.06%～4.08%),等。结论不同药店八角茴香的质量有明显差异。     

100种中药材抗氧化活性的筛选

研究了100种中药材的抗氧化活性,并测定它们的乙醇提取液对1,1–二苯基–2–苦肼基自由基(DPPH)的清除作用。其中虎杖,土荆皮,地枫,地榆等4种中药材在浓度为0.25mg/ml时对DPPH的清除作用均超过50%,具有较强的抗氧作用。尤其是地榆在浓度为0.25mg/ml时,队DPPH的清除作用高达78%。     

Two new menthane monoterpenes from Illicium wardii

Two new menthane monoterpenes, wardicines A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the fruits of Illicium wardii A.C. Smith. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. Cytotoxicities of compounds 1 and 2 against three human tumor cell lines A549, HCT-116, and CCRF-CEM were also evaluated, but no significant activities were observed for the two compounds.     

三种调味品对小鼠精子形态的影响

目的 研究花椒、桂皮及八角对生殖细胞的毒性作用。方法 用三种调味品的提取液灌胃，采用精子畸形测试的方法对小鼠的精子形态进行观察。结果 比较三种调味品各剂量组（250，500，1000mg/kg)与阴性对照组精子畸形率（18.8%)，差异无显著性（P＞0.05)。结论 在本实验条件下，即使在超过食用剂量数十倍的情况下，三种调味品对小鼠的生殖细胞也没出现毒性损害作用。初步认为，日常生活中花椒、桂皮及八角的常规用量应该是安全的。     

Terpenoids with neurite outgrowth-promoting activity from the branches and leaves of Illicium merrillianum

Eighteen terpenoids (1–18) were isolated from Illicium merrillianum. Compound 1 was identified as new compound, and its structure was established by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All compounds were evaluated for nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth activity using rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells as a model system of neuronal differentiation. Compounds 1, 3, 18 showed significant neurite outgrowth-promoting activity in the presence of 20 ng/ml NGF in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 1–100 μM after 24-h treatment. Subtle difference of functional groups at C-2 position in hopane-type triterpene resulted in enormous bioactivity difference, compound 1 was neurotrophic but 2 was cytotoxic.     

Topical application of an ethanol extract prepared from Illicium verum suppresses atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Illicium verum is a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties used in Asia. However, its usefulness in the treatment of allergic diseases remains unclear. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects of I. verum extract (IVE) in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis.

Materials and methods

We investigated the effects of IVE on compound 48/80-induced histamine release, and phorbol 12-myristate13-acetate and calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated cytokines secretion in MC/9 mast cells. Atopic dermatitis was induced in NC/Nga mice by exposure to extract of house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae). After a topical application of IVE on ear and skin lesions, we evaluated the severity of skin symptoms, ear thickness, inflammatory cell infiltration, and serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, interleukin (IL)-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1. In addition, we determined the expression of IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in ear tissues.

Results

IVE inhibited secretion of histamine, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α from mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. Topical application of IVE significantly reduced dermatitis scores, ear thickness, and serum levels of IgE, histamine, IL-6, and ICAM-1. Histopathological analysis demonstrated decreased epidermal thickening and dermal infiltration by inflammatory cells. In the ear lesions, IVE treatment reduced expression of IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, TARC, RANTES, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, but not IFN-γ.

Conclusions

These results indicate that IVE inhibits atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by suppressing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These results suggest that IVE may be a potential therapeutic candidate for atopic dermatitis.     

中药地枫皮的化学成分研究

从中药地枫皮(Illicium difengpi K.I.B.et K.I.M.)中分离出3个化合物,经理化常数和波谱数据解析,分别鉴定为地枫皮素(Ⅰ),厚朴酚(Ⅱ)和β-谷甾醇(Ⅲ)。化合物Ⅰ为一新化合物,其化学结构为4-allyl-2,6-dirnethoxyphenyol cinnamate,命名为地枫皮素(difengpin)。化合物Ⅱ为首次从八角属植物中分离得到。