人乳腺癌细胞株透明质酸酶的表达及其意义

目的：通过检测人乳腺癌细胞株透明质酸酶（Hyse）水平的表达，并与雌激素受体（ER）、以及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、基质金属蛋白酶－9（MMP－9）和组织蛋白酶－D（Cath-D）比较，探讨Hyse在乳腺癌侵袭、转移及预后评价中的作用。方法：应用细胞培养技术、酶联免疫吸附测定和免疫组织化学等方法分别测定10株人乳腺癌细胞的Hyse,以及VEGF、MMP－9、和Cath-D的表达。结果：10株人乳腺癌细胞Hyse的表达存在明显差异。ER（＋）细胞株Hyse表达低水平，EP（－）细胞株Hyse表达高水平（P＜0．01）。Hyse高表达细胞株中VEGF、MMP－9和Cath-D的表达明显高于Hyse低表达细胞株（P＜0．05）。结论：Hyse与乳腺癌的侵袭、转移潜能及预后有一定的相关性。     

透明质酸酶提取工艺的研究

透明质酸酶是从羊睾丸中经酸提取精制的一种糖蛋白,本实验确定了一种适合于工业化生产的透明质酸酶提取精制新工艺。目前,传统提取工艺普遍存在粘度大、过滤困难、收率低等问题,该工艺基本解决以上问题,且酶稳定性好,适合工业化生产。     

Allergens in Hymenoptera venom XIV: IgE binding activities of venom proteins from three species of vespids

RAST disks were prepared with purified proteins from the venoms of Vespula squamosa, Dolichovespula maculata, and Polistes exclamans and tested against a panel of sera obtained from patients allergic to each of the venoms. By the use of several criteria, IgE binding was strongest to antigen 5 of V. squamosa and phospholipase of P. exclamans. Hyaluronidase from Polistes had little IgE binding activity. All five proteins tested from D. maculata bound IgE antibodies strongly. Linear correlation analysis suggested that all of the proteins were distinct allergens in each of the venoms. A variety of patterns of response were observed for individual sera with each of the venoms.     

Cardiac hyaluronidase activity of chick embryos at the time of endocardial cushion formation

Endogenous cardiac hyaluronidase activity of early developing embryonic hearts was examined qualitatively and semiquantitatively at the time when mesenchymal cushion cells begin to migrate into cardiac jelly to form endocardial cushion tissue. Although the extract of five hearts from stage 17 to 18 embryos showed extensive hyaluronidase activity, isolated cushion tissue from nine hearts of similar stages did not show any noticeable activity within the limit of the sensitivity of the present technique. Moreover, the extract of 24 pairs of isolated atrio-ventricular cushions from stages 21 to 23 hearts revealed only a trace of hyaluronidase activity. Hyaluronidase activity was observed in the homogenized ventricular apices from similar hearts. The ventricular apex is primarily myocardium and does not contain cushion tissue. These results suggest that the observed high endogenous cardiac hyaluronidase activity is primarily myocardial in origin. Therefore, the appearance of high enzyme activity may not be functionally associated with the proliferation and migration of cushion cells but possibly with morphogenetic process of the myocardial wall.     

Safety and Efficacy of Sodium Bicarbonate versus Hyaluronidase in Peribulbar Anaesthesia

Background

400 cases undergoing surgery for cataract under local anaesthesia were studied. Peribulbar anaesthesia involves injecting a mixture of 2% lignocaine, bupivicaine 0.5% and hyaluronidase into the peripheral space of the orbit through a single infero-lateral point. Sodium bicarbonate has been shown to reduce the time of onset of anaesthesia and pain perception when mixed with local anaesthetics.

Methods

This study compared two groups of patients (200 each), one receiving hyaluronidase mixed anaesthetic and the other sodium bicarbonate buffered anaesthetic. The groups were compared for effectiveness of the anaesthesia, its onset, duration and the final visual outcome.

Results and Conclusion

Sodium bicarbonate was shown to reduce the time of onset and increase the successful block rate without any adverse affects.Key Words: Sodium bicarbonate, Peribulbar, Hyaluronidase     

The evaluation of the common diagnostic methods of hypersensitivity for bee and yellow jacket venom by means of an in-hospital insect sting

Between 1979 and 1983 230 patients visited our clinic in connection with allergic reactions after insect stings. One hundred six patients were subjected to a diagnostic provocation test with a live insect; 86 of these patients had a history of systemic reactions and a positive skin test and RAST with insect venom. Thirty-one of these patients, including one patient with a negative RAST and another with a negative skin test, demonstrated a generalized reaction and were subjected to immunotherapy with pure insect venom. Comparison of the diagnostic data from 31 patients with reactions with those of the 57 nonreacting patients from the 86 patients aforementioned reveals that at this time only a provocation test with a live insect can provide the evidence of an allergy to insect venom leading to such a severe generalized reaction that admission to probably lifelong immunotherapy is justified. The measurement of the venom-specific IgG, the ratio of IgG/IgE, and (for bee patients) the serum antibody titer against the bee venom components phospholipase A and hyaluronidase did not improve the diagnosis of a current hypersensitivity against insect venom.     

Perturbation of hyaluronan metabolism predisposes patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus to atherosclerosis

Aims/hypothesis Cardiovascular disease contributes to mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus, but the specific pathophysiological mechanisms remain to be established. We recently showed that the endothelial glycocalyx, a protective layer of proteoglycans covering the endothelium, is severely perturbed in type 1 diabetes, with concomitantly increased plasma levels of hyaluronan and hyaluronidase. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between hyaluronan and hyaluronidase with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), an established surrogate marker for cardiovascular disease. Subjects and methods Non-smoking type 1 diabetes patients without micro- or macrovascular complications and matched controls were recruited and cIMT of both carotid arteries was measured. To evaluate the relationship between cIMT and hyaluronan and hyaluronidase as well as other parameters, uni- or multivariate regression analyses were performed. Results We included 99 type 1 diabetes patients (age 10–72 years) and 99 age- and sex-matched controls. Mean cIMT, HbA_1c, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, hyaluronan and hyaluronidase were significantly increased in type 1 diabetes vs controls. Plasma hyaluronan and hyaluronidase were correlated in type 1 diabetes. In univariate regression analyses, mean IMT was associated with plasma hyaluronan, age and male sex, whereas after multivariate analysis only age and sex remained statistically significant. Conclusions/interpretation We conclude that type 1 diabetes patients show structural changes of the arterial wall associated with increased hyaluronan metabolism. These data may lend further support to altered glycosaminoglycan metabolism in type 1 diabetes as a potential mechanism involved in accelerated atherogenesis.     

鼓室内注射透明质酸酶-链霉素治疗梅尼埃病的疗效观察

目的 探讨鼓室内注射透明质酸酶-链霉素治疗经保守治疗无效的梅尼埃病的疗效。方法 选取30例此种患者于鼓室内注射透明质酸酶-链霉素，7-10d1次，密切观察l临床症状及听力的变化，决定是否继续给药，结果 经随访2a以上，并根据1996年制定的梅尼埃病眩晕疗效评定标准，A级(眩晕完全控制)24例，B级(眩晕基本控制)5例，C级(眩晕部分控制)1例。主要合并症为听力下降。结论 该治疗方法简单，安全有效，其疗效类似前庭神经切除术，可作为对经保守治疗无效的本病患者的首选治疗方法。