连苏止呕胶囊对化疗呕吐家鸽胃肠激素影响的实验研究

目的　对连苏止呕胶囊抗化疗呕吐的内在机制加以探讨。方法　采用家鸽腹腔注射顺铂法制造模型 ,用放免试剂盒检测胃肠激素。结果　连苏止呕胶囊高剂量组能明显升高外周血中表皮生长因子 (EGF)的含量 (P <0 0 5 ) ,连苏止呕胶囊低剂量组、高剂量组能明显降低外周血中胃泌素(Gas)的含量 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,连苏止呕胶囊高剂量组能明显降低外周血中血管活性肠肽(VIP)的含量 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　连苏止呕胶囊对胃肠粘膜起到了一定保护作用 ,对胃肠运动具有改善作用 ,这可能是该药抗化疗呕吐尤其是迟发性呕吐的机制所在     

Adrenergic effects on adrenocortical cortisol response to incremental exercise to exhaustion

This study evaluated the influence of adrenergic factors on the cortisol response to maximal exercise in endurance-trained men. This was achieved by testing healthy young men during exercise while varying both the condition of β-adrenergic blockage and the presence of a well-controlled simulated competitive environment to simulate activity of the sympatho-adrenal systems. Subjects (n = 10) performed maximal exercise (running) to exhaustion on a treadmill during four conditions: (1) placebo non-competitive [PNon] (2) after administration of 80 mg propranolol non-competitive [βNon] (3) in a simulated competition after a placebo intake [PCom], and (4) in a simulated competition after propranolol intake [βCom]. Blood samples were obtained before (pre-) and 3 min after (post-) exercise and assayed for cortisol (C). The data were analyzed with a multi-factorial repeated measures ANCOVA procedure. Statistical analysis revealed a significant three-way interaction for the drug versus competition versus sampling time effects (P < 0.05). Post-hoc tests revealed that the pre-exercise cortisol values did not differ significantly among the conditions. Cortisol did increase from pre- to post-exercise in all experimental conditions (P < 0.01), and the magnitudes of increase in the PCom, βNon and βCom conditions were greater than that of the PNon condition. Furthermore, the cortisol increases for both β-blockage conditions post-exercise (βNon, βCom) did not differ from one another (P > 0.05). The findings suggest β-adrenergic blockage and competitive conditions enhance the exercise cortisol response. In combination, however, these conditions do not act in an additive fashion. This suggests that perhaps there may be two separate influences or mechanisms (i.e., excitatory, inhibitory) on the adrenergic control of adrenocortical function, or a sympathetic compensation for β-blockage during exhaustive maximal exercise. Furthermore, the data suggests a possible “ceiling” on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to exercise in endurance-trained men.     

不同免疫抑制剂及甲泼尼龙对小鼠肺间质纤维化的疗效对比

目的比较环磷酰胺、来氟米特和甲泼尼龙对博来霉素诱导的肺间质纤维化小鼠模型的疗效。方法将75只C57BL/6小鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、环磷酰胺组、来氟米特组及甲泼尼龙组(n=15)。空白组气管内注入0.9%氯化钠注射溶液0.2 m L,其余5组气管内注入博来霉素(5 mg/kg)建立肺纤维化模型,24 h后分别对空白组、模型组每日用0.2 m L 0.9%氯化钠注射溶液灌胃,药物组每日分别用环磷酰胺(50 mg/kg)、来氟米特(4 mg/kg)和甲泼尼龙灌胃(10 mg/kg)。并于造模后第7、14、28天分批处死小鼠,取小鼠肺脏评估肺泡炎程度及纤维化的程度。结果 (1)博来霉素诱导组小鼠体质量较对照组减轻(P<0.05),环磷酰胺、来氟米特组和甲泼尼龙组小鼠在第7、14、28天小鼠体质量较模型组均明显增加(P<0.05)。(2)与模型组相比,环磷酰胺组与甲泼尼龙组小鼠7天、14天时肺泡炎评分降低(P<0.05);第7天、14天、28天时纤维化评分明显降低(P<0.05)。而来氟米特组小鼠肺泡炎及纤维化评分较模型组差异无统计学意义。结论环磷酰胺和甲泼尼龙能显著降低博来霉素诱导的小鼠肺间质纤维化,减轻肺组织肺泡炎及肺纤维化程度,但来氟米特没有类似作用。     

Biology of somatostatin in breast cancer

The biological effects of the neuropeptide somatostatin (SST) are mediated via a family of five somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) belonging to a family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). SSTR regulate the secretion of hormones, growth factors, neurotransmission and cell growth in receptor-specific manner. In addition, SST plays an inhibitory role in several mammary cancer models. These effects are mediated both indirectly through inhibition of hormones and growth factors which promote tumor growth as well as directly via SSTRs present on tumor cells to inhibit mitogenic signaling of growth factor receptor kinases leading to growth arrest and induction of apoptosis. Here, we present an overview on the role of SST and its analogs in breast cancer.     

LH (Trp8Arg/Ile15Thr), LHR (insLQ) and FSHR (Asn680Ser) polymorphisms genotypic prevalence in women with endometriosis and infertility

Purpose

To verify if polymorphisms of LH (Trp8Arg/Ile15Thr), LH receptor (insLQ), and FSH receptor (Asn680Ser) are associated with endometriosis and infertility.

Methods

This is a prospective case–control study. Sixty-seven patients with endometriosis and infertility (study group) and 65 healthy fertile patients (control group) were enrolled in the study between July 2010 and July 2013. All patients had their endometriosis diagnosis made or excluded by laparoscopic surgery; study group was submitted to the surgery for infertility investigation and control group for tubal ligation. Day-3 serum hormones were collected from all patients. Analysis of nucleotide mutations for LH polymorphisms (Trp8Arg and Ile15Thr), LHR polymorphism (insLQ), and FSHR polymorphism (Asn680Ser) were performed by PCR.

Results

Day-3 FSH, estradiol and LH serum levels were not different between the groups, while CA-125 was higher in patients with endometriosis and infertility. All polymorphisms studied were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The prevalence of insLQ was significantly higher in patients with endometriosis and infertility (P = 0.005). Allele occurrence in control group was 0.10 versus 0.25 in infertile endometriosis group (P = 0.001). There was no difference regarding Trp8Arg/Ile15Thr (P > 0.05) and Asn680Ser (P > 0.05) prevalence between groups.

Conclusion

This is the first time that prevalence of insLQ was shown to be higher in patients with endometriosis and infertility than in healthy fertile patients. There was no difference in LH and FSHR polymorphisms’ prevalence between groups.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0477-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

EV71感染手足口病患儿血清中甲状腺激素水平变化及意义

目的 探讨手足口病（HFMD）患儿血清中三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）的变化及临床意义。方法 将81例肠道病毒71型（EV71）感染的 HFMD患儿分为三组：普通型22例,重症型19例,危重型40例。采用化学发光法检测三组患儿血清中的甲状腺素：T3、T4、TSH、FT3,FT4水平并比较。结果 三组患儿血清中 T3、T4、FT4、TSH、FT3水平比较无统计学差异（ P ＞0．05）。结论 EV71感染 HFMD患儿血清中甲状腺激素水平与患儿病情的严重程度不相关。     

老年男性骨密度的增龄改变与骨代谢有关激素的相关性研究

目的探讨老年男性增龄与骨密度(BMD)及骨代谢有关激素的关系。方法123例老年男性按年龄分成3组,分别测定骨密度及血清甲状旁腺素(PTH)、睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)并进行比较。结果老年男性BMD随增龄而减少,在股骨近端和髋关节处更为明显(P<0.05),在腰椎不确定;老年男性T、E2处于低水平,而FSH、LH及PTH随增龄而增高,FSH更为明显(P<0.05)。结论随着增龄,老年男性MBD下降,T、E2水平低下,而FSH、LH和PTH水平增高。提示体内骨代谢有关激素的变化,可能是老年男性骨质疏松症发病的重要机制之一。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者血清垂体激素含量变化的动态研究

目的：研究动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者血清促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、泌乳素（PRL）、生长激素（GH）浓度的动态变化规律。方法：对35例动脉瘤性SAH患者发病后1～3?d、7～9?d、13～15?d血清ACTH、TSH、FSH、LH、PRL、GH进行动态观察, 用TCD检测大脑中动脉血流速度(VMCA)。结果：动脉瘤性SAH患者血清ACTH、TSH、FSH、LH、PRL、GH发病后1～3?d、7～9?d各均值明显高于对照组（P均＜0.05）,尤以发病后7～9?d变化最明显（P＜0.01）;脑血管痉挛组较非脑血管痉挛组也有明显差异（P＜0.05）。结论：动脉瘤性SAH患者血清ACTH、TSH、FSH、LH、GH、PRL含量与病情演变、脑血管痉挛程度有关。