自体心包瓣“内皮化”的实验研究

目的 探讨有利于自体心包瓣内皮化的处理方法。方法 将体外培养小牛主动脉内皮细胞接种于不同方法处理的自体牛心包表面。采用＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ摄取量测定、扫描电镜及放射免疫法观察不同处理方法对接种后内皮细胞生长、前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）合成量和细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量的影响。结果 三种不同浓度戊二醛短时间（１０ｍｉｎ）处理的心包表面内皮细胞均可生长,其中以体积分数为０．２％戊二种不同浓度戊二醛短时间（１０ｍｉｎ）处理     

半夏厚朴汤对小鼠胃排空及小肠推进功能的影响

目的:为了研究半夏厚朴汤及其各组成药物对小鼠胃排空和小肠推进功能的影响,以及五味组成药物在该方剂中的作用大小和它们之间的交互作用。方法:以大分子色素葡聚糖蓝2000为标记物,用正交设计的方法安排实验,观察给药一段时间后小鼠的胃内色素残留量和该色素的小肠推进比。结果:正交设计结果表明,半夏厚朴汤中五味药物对小鼠小肠推进功能的促进作用依次从大到小排列的顺序为:半夏、茯苓、苏叶、厚朴、生姜;对胃排空的促进作用依次从大到小排列的顺序为:厚朴、苏叶、半夏、生姜、茯苓。五味药物之间存在着较广泛的一级交互作用。结论:半夏厚朴汤及其组成药物均有促进在体小鼠胃排空和小肠推进功能的作用。     

经纤维支气管镜插管腔内放射治疗肺癌(附16例报告)

目的高剂量率腔内放射治疗肺癌腔内侵犯疗效观察。方法选择肺癌腔内侵犯患者１６例，经纤维支气管镇插入后装治疗管，与ＳＫ－Ⅱ型近距只后装治疗机连接进行放疗。剂量为每ｄ５Ｇｙ，每周１次，共照４次。结果纤维支气管镜检查示肿瘤消退，管腔通畅１２例，癌肿部分消退，管腔增宽４例。总有效率１００％。结论高剂量率腔内放射治疗肺癌腔内侵犯，可快速消除梗阻，缓解症状，是一种简单、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

肺癌生存5年以上72例分析

[目的]探讨影响肺癌长期生存的因素。方法对1983年1月至1992年12月间收治的经病理证实的存活5年以上的72例肺癌患者进行分析。放疗采用60Co－r线或10MV－X线，大野前后对穿照射Dr40Gy/20次，共4周后缩野加量至总DT52G6y-76Gy（平均61．6Gy，非手术者）或50Gy－70Cy（平均56．1Gy，手术者）。手术均为肺叶（段）切除术。化疗主要方案为（CTX＋5－FU＋VCR、CTX＋ADM＋DDP、CTX＋5－FU＋CBP／E－ADM＋VP-16等。[结果]临床分期、病理类型和是否加用手术治疗对5年生存率的影响，分析显示有统计学差异。I、II、III、IV期5年生存率分别为42．9％、12．9％、5．8％及0；小细胞未分化癌与非小细胞癌的5年生存率分别为3．2％和96％；手术加放疗（加或不加化疗）与放疗（加或不加化疗）的5年生存率分别为对．5％和5．5％。而放疗剂量及是否加化疗对5年生存率的影响未显示有统计学差异。[结论]肺癌应进行早期诊断、早期治疗，尽量采取以手术为主的综合治疗，以提高远期生存率。     

心气虚细胞模型的研制

目的探索心气虚细胞模型的制作方法。方法ＮＩＨ小白鼠乳鼠培养心肌细胞用缺氧（１～３小时）再给氧损伤方法研制心气虚细胞水平动物模型。结果培养心肌细胞采用缺氧再给氧损伤后，出现ＬＤＨ和ＣＫ含量增加，ＳＯＤ活性降低，ＭＤＡ含量上升，与对照组比较，差别有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）或高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论根据缺血缺氧是导致心气虚证的重要因素之一，探索采用缺氧再给氧损伤制作离体心气虚细胞模型具有一定的研究价值     

干预性措施对上海和青岛郊区已婚育龄妇女节育状况的影响

对上海和青岛郊区已婚育龄妇女节育状况的调查发现,25岁以下的已婚妇女避孕现用率最低,有孩子的妇女现用率高.研究还发现给予宣教和引进新避孕方法进行干预后.避孕现用率比干预前提高(OR=1.4～1,5),干预后使用皮下埋植剂和新型IUD(T型)的妇女增多,提示干预性措施是有效果的.     

Success Rate with Repeated Cycles of In Vitro Fertilization–Embryo Transfer

Objective: To analyze data from a large multicenter study to determine whether pregnancy and delivery rates decrease with repeated IVF-ET cycles.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

Setting: Participating centers from the Society of Assisted Reproductive Technology.

Patient(s): Fifty-four centers contributed 4,043 cycles of oocyte retrieval for uterine transfer.

Intervention(s): Oocyte retrieval for uterine transfer.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Pregnancy and delivery rates, analyzed according to age, program success rate, and whether the program was doing assisted hatching.

Result(s): Pregnancy and delivery rates for cycles 1, 2, 3, 4, and >4 were 33.7% and 27.0%, 33.9% and 27.4%, 28.9% and 23.4%, 25.9% and 16.1%, and 21.0% and 15.4%, respectively. The pregnancy rate decreased significantly for >4 cycle; delivery rate decreased significantly for cycles 4 and >4. Assisted hatching was strongly related to better odds of pregnancy (OR, 1.50) and delivery (OR, 1.44) in women under age 40, and for pregnancy (1.64) in women age 40–42 years.

Conclusion(s): Success rates do not decrease markedly with repeated IVF attempts, and the decrease did not change with program success rate, suggesting the IVF population is not markedly heterogeneous. Uncontrolled studies of new treatments for cycle repeaters cannot assume that success rate is poor without a treatment change.     

Does Previous Salpingectomy Improve Implantation and Pregnancy Rates in Patients with Severe Tubal Factor Infertility who are Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization? A Pilot Prospective Randomized Study

Objective: To evaluate the implantation rate and pregnancy rate (PR) in patients with severe tubal factor infertility who were undergoing IVF. Patients who had undergone salpingectomy were compared with those who had not.

Design: A prospective randomized study.

Setting: A department of obstetrics and gynecology at a university hospital.

Patient(s): Thirty patients who previously had undergone salpingectomy and 30 patients who had not undergone salpingectomy before IVF treatment.

Intervention(s): Laparoscopy with or without salpingectomy followed by IVF with the use of combined GnRH agonist and hMG therapy in a long stimulation protocol.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Embryo implantation rate and ongoing PR per transfer. The cumulative PRs were compared for the two groups of patients.

Result(s): After the first IVF attempt, the implantation rate was 10.4% in the group with salpingectomy and 4.6% in the group without salpingectomy. For all IVF attempts, the respective embryo implantation rates in the two groups were 13.4% and 8.6%. The ongoing PR per transfer was 34.2% in the group with salpingectomy compared with 18.7% in the group without salpingectomy. After four IVF attempts, the probability of becoming pregnant was greater in the group of patients with salpingectomy (75%) than in the group without salpingectomy (63%).

Conclusion(s): Previous salpingectomy in patients with severe tubal factor infertility who are undergoing IVF seems to increase the embryo implantation rate and the PR per cycle of IVF. This monocentric study must be followed by other similar studies to allow for a metaanalysis and confirm this clear trend with definitive evidence.     

承气生血方对小鼠Lewis肺癌生长及转移的抑制作用

目的:观察承气生血方对小鼠Lewis肺癌肿瘤细胞生长及转移的抑制作用。方法:采用动物移植性肿瘤实验法,在C57BL小鼠腋皮下接种Lewis肺癌肿瘤细胞,口服给药后解剖动物,剥离肿瘤,计算肿瘤生长抑制率;取肺、肝、脾组织福尔马林固定,石蜡切片,HE染色后,显微镜观察肺转移结节,计算肿瘤转移抑制率,并观察肝脾形态学变化。结果:承气生血方1．2g·kg-1／d组与模型组比较肿瘤生长抑制率36．12％,p<0．01;1．2g·kg-1／d组及0．6g·kg-1／d组肿瘤转移抑制率分别为60％和62．5％,p<0．01。形态学观察,荷瘤小鼠肺转移瘤细胞核大,深染,形态不规则; 肝细胞肿胀,胞浆疏松,但未见肝组织有瘤细胞转移;脾细胞增大,排列不规则,可见大量多核巨细胞。结论:承气生血方具有抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌肿瘤细胞生长及转移作用。     

蒙药广枣中3种黄酮类成分对离体心功能的影响

采用Langendorff灌流法,观察广枣中3种黄酮类成分对离体心功能的影响,为找到一种抗心律失常作用较强的主要化学单体或简单复合物打下基础.结果表明：样品1和样品2减慢心率作用在0.027g生药1/ml～0.22g生药/ml范围内,具有明显的浓度依赖性,当浓度大于0.22g生药/ml时,减慢心率作用反而随着剂量增加而减小;样品3减慢心率作用与剂量成反比.在0.027g生药1ml～1.72g生药/ml范围内,样品1、样品2和样品3使心肌收缩幅度的变化均无统计学意义.结论：广枣中3种黄酮类成分均可减慢心率,对心肌收缩力影响不明显.