Significance of measurement of pre-S2 antigen for the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers

Terazawa S, Kondo N, Orii T. Significance of measurement of pre-S2 antigen for the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:30–4. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253
The significance of pre-S2 antigen (pre-S2 Ag) as a marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers who are HBeAg-negative or HBeAg-positive, was evaluated. Pre-S2 Ag was measured by enzyme immunoassay. HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-negative and HBeAb-positive were divided into two groups: group A, mothers whose infants were not infected with HBV ( n = 10) and group B, mothers whose infants were infected with HBV ( n = 13). Absorption rates of pre-S2 Ag in group A and B were 0.09 k 0.04 and 1.36 ± 0.95, respectively. The values for pre-S2 Ag in group B were significantly higher than those in group A. Values for pre-S2 Ag among HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-positive and HBeAb-negative were also measured by reversc passive hemagglutination. In the same way, HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-positive and HBeAb-negativc were divided into two groups: group C, mothers whose infants did not become HBsAg carriers ( n = 15) and group D, mothers whose infants became HBsAg carriers (n = 11). The titers of pre-S2 Ag (reverse passive hemagglutination) in group C and D were 2^{5.75 ± 1.68} and 2^10.45±^1.69, respectively. The values for pre-S2 Ag in group D were significantly higher than those in group C. The values for pre-S2 Ag as markers of infectivity became higher with increasing amounts of HBV-DNA. Therefore, our results show that measurement of pre-S2 Ag in HBsAg carrier mothers who are HBeAg or HBeAb-positive is useful in the detection of high-risk groups of vertical transmission of HBV.     

慢性乙型肝炎血清HBV DNA含量与HBeAg及ALT,AST的关系

目的了解慢性轻、中型乙型肝炎患者HBV-DNA含量与血清标志物HBeAg和肝功能(ALT,AST)的关系.方法荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)技术检测77例轻、中型乙肝患者HBV DNA含量,ELISA法检测HBeAg,速率法检测ALT和AST.结果HBV DNA拷贝数量＜105拷贝/ml时HBeAg阳性率低,＞105拷贝/ml时HBeAg阳性率高,HBeAg阳性者HBV-DNA拷贝数为(6.71±1.24)lg,HBeAg阴性者HBV-DNA拷贝数是(3.48土0.11)lg,HBeAg阳性者HBV-DNA拷贝数显著高于阴性者(P＜0.05);HBV-DNA含量与ALT和AST无明显相关性.结论HBV-DNA含量与HBeAg阳性率有很好的一致性,HBV-DNA含量与ALT和AST无相关性.     

乙肝患者血清HBV—DNA与e,c系统相关分析及临床意义

对３７４乙型肝患者血清用地高辛探针法检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ；用酶联法检测ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅ、ＨＢｃＡｇ、抗ＨＢｃ－ＩｇＭ。结果：ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ与ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅ无明显相关（Ｐ〉０．０５），与ＨＢｃＡｇ、抗ＨＢＣ－ＩｇＭ呈正相关关系（ｒ＝０．１８－０．２，Ｐ〈０．０１）；ＨＢｅＡｇ组与抗ＨＢｅ组ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ检出率无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），以ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ为标准评价ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢ     

Effect of mutating the two cysteines required for HBe antigenicity on hepatitis B virus DNA replication and virion secretion

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants with impaired expression of e antigen (HBeAg) frequently arise at the chronic stage of infection, as exemplified by precore and core promoter mutants. Since an intramolecular disulfide bond maintains the secondary structure of HBeAg, we explored effect of missense mutations of either cysteine codon. Consistent with earlier reports, substitution of each cysteine rendered HBeAg nearly undetectable. With underlying nucleotide changes at the loop of pregenome encapsidation signal, the C-7 mutants were severely impaired in pregenomic RNA packaging and hence DNA replication. Although none of the missense mutations at C61 reduced DNA replication, replacement with arginine, but not alanine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, or serine, blocked virion secretion. Consistent with the detection of C61R genome from a patient serum, secretion block of the C61R mutant could be overcome by co-expression of wild-type core protein. In conclusion, point mutations of the C61 codon may generate viable HBeAg-negative variants.     

清肝解毒丸对CCl_4肝损伤和HBV抗原作用的实验研究

目的：研究清肝解毒丸对四氯化碳（ＣＣｌ４）肝损伤的保护作用和对人乙肝病毒（ＨＢＶ）抗原的抑制作用。方法：观察清肝解毒丸对动物ＣＣｌ４急性肝损伤和肝纤维化的效应及对ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢｓＡｇ的体外抑制作用。结果：清肝解毒丸对ＣＣｌ４所致的急性肝损伤有显著的保护作用,并能减轻ＣＣｌ４引起的肝纤维化,以及在体外对ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢｓＡｇ具有明显的抑制作用。结论：清肝解毒丸有显著的护肝作用和抗ＨＢＶ作用。     

多亚型α干扰素与2b型α干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎近期及远期疗效观察

为了观察多亚型α干扰素与2b型α干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎近远期疗效的差异。随机选60例慢性乙型肝炎分成A、B两组分别接受IFN—αNI和IFN—α2b治疗。给药方法相同,3MU×22周,后为3MU×22周。在12周时A组和B组ALT复常率分别为66.7％和60.0％(P>0.05)、HBeAg阴转率为53.3％和43.3％(P>0.05)、HBV—DNA阴转率为50.0％和40.0％(P>0.05)。24周时ALT复常率为83.3％和66.7％(P<0.05)、HBeAg阴转率为60.0％和33.3％(P<0.05)、HBV—DNA阴转率为56.7％和30.0％(P<0.05)。72周时ALT复常率为90.0％和53.3％(P<0.05)、HBeAg阴转率为66.7％和26.7％(P<0.005)、HBV—DNA阴转率为63.3％和26.7％(P<0.005)。以上结果说明IFN—αNI治疗慢性乙型肝炎近远期疗效明显优于IFN—α2b,这种差异可能来源于干扰素的多亚型。     

不同年龄乙肝患者HBeAg检测结果分析

目的比较分析不同年龄组的HBsAg阳性患者HBeAg检测结果,了解血液中HBV的传染性。方法对1076例HBsAg阳性患者采用ELISA法检测HBeAg并进行结果分析。结果 HBeAg阳性占HBsAg 阳性例数的52.32％,HBeAg阳性率在不同的年龄组之间有显著性差异,随年龄的增大而阳性率随之降低。结论 10岁以下、10～20岁两个年龄组患者血液中HBV的传染性明显高于其它年龄组。     

复方灵芝汤联合阿德福韦酯治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎临床研究

目的：观察复方灵芝汤联合阿德福韦酯治疗病毒性肝炎的临床疗效。方法：将108例慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者随机分为两组,对照组单纯采用阿德福韦酯胶囊10 mg口服,1次/d,疗程2 a。观察组在对照组基础上加用复方灵芝汤并随症加减治疗,0.5 a后用药同对照组。结果与结论：复方灵芝汤联合阿德福韦酯治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎可以提高疗效,且疗效稳定。     

日照市12年食品从业人员HBsAg携带情况分析

为了解食品从业人员HBsAg携带情况及其分布规律,防上疾病传播,和为制定食品卫生监督管理措施提供科学依据,现将1987～1998年94071名食品从业人员健康检查中HBsAg携带情况分析如下。1 对象及方法1.1 对象系日照市1987～1998年历年食品从业人员94071名。1.2 检测方法 HBsAg采用反向间接血凝法(RPHA)测定。中和试验1:8以上定为阳性,HBeAg采用ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定)法。试剂均为北京生物制品研究所产品,在有效期内使用。