邯郸市某高校新生HBV感染及态度现况调查

目的：了解某高校新生乙肝感染情况及该校学生对乙肝的态度和认识现状。方法：对2004年某高校新生入学体检时测定乙肝表面抗原，对表面抗原阳性者测定乙肝抗原抗体系统，并对学生进行乙肝问卷调查。结果：该高校新生HBsAg阳性率为1．91％，男、女生之间及城乡之间差异均无统计学意义。“大三阳”阳性率为0．98％，HBsAg、HBeAg双阳性率为0．09％，“小三阳”阳性率为0．64％。87．0％的学生知道乙肝是危害极大的传染病，86．5％的学生愿意帮助乙肝感染者，有96．1％的学生愿意接受性教育。结论：“大三阳”及HBsAg、HBeAg双阳性者，提示体内乙肝病毒复制活跃，有传染性，应采取必要的隔离、治疗措施，并定期复查，以控制乙肝的蔓延传播。而且有必要对学生开展各种健康教育和性教育。     

塘沽区食品、公共场所从业人员HBsAg 及HBeAg携带情况调查

目的了解塘沽区食品、公共场所从业人员HBsAg及HBeAg携带情况,为乙型肝炎防制提供依据.方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验法,对该区食品、公共场所从业人员进 行HBsAg和HBeAg检测.结果 2000～2003年共检测45 060人份,其中检出HBsAg阳性1 080人 份,占2.40%.其中HBeAg阳性374人份,占0.83%.结论该区食品、公共场所从业人员HBsAg携带率虽低于一般人群,但食品行业易造成HBV的传播的 特点,不容忽视.     

乙型肝炎病毒DNA血清定量与HBeAg的相关分析

目的:探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者HBV-DNA定量检测与乙型肝炎血清学标志物HBeAg水平的相关性。方法:采用荧光标记探针定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)技、酶联免疫吸附测定法。对100例乙型肝炎病毒感染者血清HBV-DNA含量及血清学标志物进行检测,同时动态检测了20例乙肝患者24周拉米夫丁治疗期间的血清HBe标记系统和HBV-DNA含量变化。结果:e抗原(HBeAg)阳性组的HBV-DNA含量(M=7.65)显著高于e抗体(HBeAb)阳性组的HBV-DNA含量(M=4.43),差异有统计学意义(H=28.48P<0.001)。在拉米夫丁治疗期间,血清HBV-DNA含量的下降和转阴明显先于血清学标志系统的转换。结论:HBeAg是反映HBV-DNA复制的重要指针,HBeAg阳性表示乙型肝炎病毒复制活跃,但在抗病毒治疗期间,血清学标志指针反映HBV复制状态存在局限性,HBV-DNA定量检测是反映HBV复制和判断药物疗效最直接、可靠的指标。     

蛋清溶菌酶对乙肝病毒的抑制作用

目的:观察蛋清溶菌酶(HEWL)对人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的抑制作用。方法:以2.2.15细胞为模型,以苦参碱为阳性对照药,采用细胞病变法(CPE)和酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)判定溶菌酶对2.2.15细胞乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)表达水平的抑制效果。结果:HEWL对细胞的最大无毒浓度(TC0)和半数中毒浓度(TC50)均>1 000μg.mL-1,HEWL对2.2.15细胞HBsAg抑制作用的半数有效浓度(IC50)为(213.0±71.3)μg.mL-1,对细胞HBeAg无抑制作用。苦参碱对2.2.15细胞的TC0和TC50均>250μg.mL-1。苦参碱对2.2.15细胞HBsAg抑制作用IC50的为(54.2±17.1)μg.mL-1,对HBeAg无抑制作用。结论:蛋清溶菌酶对2.2.15细胞的HBsAg表达有较明显的抑制作用,对其HBeAg无抑制作用。     

ELISA法检测HBeAg假阳性的原因探讨

乙肝标志物的检测是目前健康人群乙肝筛选及乙肝患者体内病毒复制动态观察的常规检测项目。乙肝的检测结果即乙肝的血清学模式有很多,临床医师应根据患者的不同临床表现综合分析实验检测结果,制定科学的治疗方案[1],有些常见模式已被临床医师和患者所认知,但也有一些罕见模式并     

引起HBVe系统双阳模式的另一种机制

目的:探讨HBV e系统双阳模式产生的一般性原因。方法:常规乙肝标志物免疫学检测筛选出61份e系统双阳模式血清样本,对每一份样本进行HBeAg RIA定量、前S1抗原检测以及HBV DNA荧光定量。结果:61份双阳模式血清的HBeAg RIA定量在1.5×105~2.1×105ng/ml区间内;前S1抗原检测54份阳性,阳性率88.5%;HBV DNA荧光定量全部阳性,平均拷贝数在107以上。结论:e系统双阳模式中的HBeAb为假阳性,双阳模式实为病毒高载量的表现,而不是血清转换。     

Significance of measurement of pre-S2 antigen for the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers

Terazawa S, Kondo N, Orii T. Significance of measurement of pre-S2 antigen for the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:30–4. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253
The significance of pre-S2 antigen (pre-S2 Ag) as a marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers who are HBeAg-negative or HBeAg-positive, was evaluated. Pre-S2 Ag was measured by enzyme immunoassay. HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-negative and HBeAb-positive were divided into two groups: group A, mothers whose infants were not infected with HBV ( n = 10) and group B, mothers whose infants were infected with HBV ( n = 13). Absorption rates of pre-S2 Ag in group A and B were 0.09 k 0.04 and 1.36 ± 0.95, respectively. The values for pre-S2 Ag in group B were significantly higher than those in group A. Values for pre-S2 Ag among HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-positive and HBeAb-negative were also measured by reversc passive hemagglutination. In the same way, HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-positive and HBeAb-negativc were divided into two groups: group C, mothers whose infants did not become HBsAg carriers ( n = 15) and group D, mothers whose infants became HBsAg carriers (n = 11). The titers of pre-S2 Ag (reverse passive hemagglutination) in group C and D were 2^{5.75 ± 1.68} and 2^10.45±^1.69, respectively. The values for pre-S2 Ag in group D were significantly higher than those in group C. The values for pre-S2 Ag as markers of infectivity became higher with increasing amounts of HBV-DNA. Therefore, our results show that measurement of pre-S2 Ag in HBsAg carrier mothers who are HBeAg or HBeAb-positive is useful in the detection of high-risk groups of vertical transmission of HBV.     

慢性乙型肝炎血清HBV DNA含量与HBeAg及ALT,AST的关系

目的了解慢性轻、中型乙型肝炎患者HBV-DNA含量与血清标志物HBeAg和肝功能(ALT,AST)的关系.方法荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)技术检测77例轻、中型乙肝患者HBV DNA含量,ELISA法检测HBeAg,速率法检测ALT和AST.结果HBV DNA拷贝数量＜105拷贝/ml时HBeAg阳性率低,＞105拷贝/ml时HBeAg阳性率高,HBeAg阳性者HBV-DNA拷贝数为(6.71±1.24)lg,HBeAg阴性者HBV-DNA拷贝数是(3.48土0.11)lg,HBeAg阳性者HBV-DNA拷贝数显著高于阴性者(P＜0.05);HBV-DNA含量与ALT和AST无明显相关性.结论HBV-DNA含量与HBeAg阳性率有很好的一致性,HBV-DNA含量与ALT和AST无相关性.     

乙肝患者血清HBV—DNA与e,c系统相关分析及临床意义

对３７４乙型肝患者血清用地高辛探针法检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ；用酶联法检测ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅ、ＨＢｃＡｇ、抗ＨＢｃ－ＩｇＭ。结果：ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ与ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅ无明显相关（Ｐ〉０．０５），与ＨＢｃＡｇ、抗ＨＢＣ－ＩｇＭ呈正相关关系（ｒ＝０．１８－０．２，Ｐ〈０．０１）；ＨＢｅＡｇ组与抗ＨＢｅ组ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ检出率无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），以ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ为标准评价ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢ     

Effect of mutating the two cysteines required for HBe antigenicity on hepatitis B virus DNA replication and virion secretion

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants with impaired expression of e antigen (HBeAg) frequently arise at the chronic stage of infection, as exemplified by precore and core promoter mutants. Since an intramolecular disulfide bond maintains the secondary structure of HBeAg, we explored effect of missense mutations of either cysteine codon. Consistent with earlier reports, substitution of each cysteine rendered HBeAg nearly undetectable. With underlying nucleotide changes at the loop of pregenome encapsidation signal, the C-7 mutants were severely impaired in pregenomic RNA packaging and hence DNA replication. Although none of the missense mutations at C61 reduced DNA replication, replacement with arginine, but not alanine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, or serine, blocked virion secretion. Consistent with the detection of C61R genome from a patient serum, secretion block of the C61R mutant could be overcome by co-expression of wild-type core protein. In conclusion, point mutations of the C61 codon may generate viable HBeAg-negative variants.