中西医治疗抑郁症疗效及对HPA轴、血清细胞因子影响研究

目的探讨逍遥散加味方联合舍曲林治疗抑郁症的疗效,并探讨其神经免疫内分泌学机制。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法检测中药逍遥散加味方合并舍曲林组、逍遥散加味方组、舍曲林组共三组(每组30例)抑郁症患者治疗前后及正常对照组的血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α的水平并比较;每组在治疗前后分别做地塞米松抑制试验(DST)并检测血浆皮质醇(CORT)和促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的浓度;结合汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)进行相关分析。结果三组病例组治疗前血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CORT、ACTH水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。三组血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CORT、ACTH水平在治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。逍遥散治疗抑郁症愈显率高,且不良反应小;中西药结合组HAMD评分治疗结束时下降更明显,与其他两组评分比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CORT、ACTH水平升高可能是抑郁症的神经免疫内分泌学机制;逍遥散和舍曲林抗抑郁机制类同,均能降低IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平,从而纠正HPA轴的亢进而达到抗抑郁作用。逍遥散对抑郁症疗效与舍曲林相当,两者结合疗效更佳。     

培本方调节哮喘大鼠HPA轴紊乱的实验研究

[目的]研究培本方对哮喘大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴紊乱的调节作用。[方法]采用卵蛋白(OVA)致敏、激发复制大鼠慢性哮喘模型,以阿斯美胶囊为对照药,通过检测血清皮质酮(CORT)、血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)及下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)含量的变化,探讨培本方对大鼠哮喘模型的影响。[结果]模型组较正常组CORT及CRH含量均显著降低,ACTH含量无明显改变;经培本方治疗后,CORT及CRH含量均可明显升高,且培本方高剂量组可使ACTH水平有所增高。[结论]培本方抗哮喘作用的机制之一为纠正哮喘HPA轴紊乱。     

Mimics软件在测量股骨远端旋转力线的应用

目的测量比较全膝关节置换术中确定股骨假体旋转对线的参照方法—股骨上髁轴线与Whiteside's线的准确性,探讨其在人工膝关节置换术中的应用。方法80例正常成人膝关节,通过Mimics10.01软件于膝关节横断面中测量股骨上髁轴线与股骨后髁轴线之间的夹角及Whiteside's线的垂线与股骨后髁轴线的夹角,运用统计学方法分析两角度间及其在性别间的差异性。结果PCA:男性3.56°±1.27°(1.42～6.65°),女性3.45°±1.09°(1.10～5.65°);PAPA:男性3.40°±1.60°(-1.01～6.06°),女性3.99°±2.06°(-0.84～7.76°)。PCA与PAPA的差异无统计学意义,性别间PCA及PAPA差异均无统计学意义,PAPA有较大的个体差异。结论全膝关节置换术中选择股骨上髁轴线或Whiteside's线做为参照轴对假体外旋角度及其在性别间影响均无差别,股骨上髁轴线作为股骨假体旋转对线的参照轴较为恒定可靠,而Whiteside's线的变异度较大。     

基于粗配准和混合互信息的医学图像配准算法

利用边缘检测算子和数学形态学方法提取医学图像轮廓,采用主轴矩法配准两幅图像的轮廓,使其达到粗略配准的目的。通常的互信息测度是基于香农熵的,因为香农熵对于局部极值具有很强吸引域,而某些参数下的雷尼熵可以消除局部极值,将两种测度分别用于精配过程中不同的搜索阶段。首先利用全局搜索算法,寻找基于雷尼熵的归一化互信息测度的全局最优初值,再通过局部优化算法对当前的最优解寻找基于香农熵的更精确的全局最优解。实验表明,这种配准算法是有效的。     

长链非编码RNA核富集转录体1促进喉鳞状细胞癌细胞迁移和侵袭的机制研究

目的 探究长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)核富集转录体1(NEAT1)NEAT1对喉鳞状细胞癌(LSCC)细胞迁移和侵袭的影响,并进一步分析miR-429/锌指E-盒结合同源异形盒1(ZEB1)轴在其中发挥的作用。方法 慢病毒转染建立稳定敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞,通过RT-qPCR检测细胞lncRNA NEAT1表达以验证转染效率,通过Transwell实验检测细胞迁移和侵袭能力,通过Western blot检测细胞上皮-间充质转化(EMT)相关蛋白N-cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和Snail表达。通过生物信息学分析miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1和ZEB1 mRNA间的潜在结合位点,并通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1以及miR-429与ZEB1 mRNA结合。将miR-429抑制剂转染敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞,通过Western blot检测细胞ZEB1表达。进一步检查敲减ZEB1对抑制miR-429的敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞迁移、侵袭和EMT的影响。结果 敲减lncRNA NEAT1降低LSCC细胞lncRNA NEAT1表达,抑制细胞迁移和侵袭并下调细胞N-cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和Snail表达。miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1和ZEB1 mRNA间存在潜在结合位点,且miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1以及miR-429与ZEB1 mRNA结合。抑制miR-429逆转了敲减lncRNA NEAT1对LSCC细胞ZEB1表达的抑制作用。此外,敲减ZEB1逆转了抑制miR-429对敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞迁移和侵袭的促进作用及EMT相关蛋白N-cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和Snail表达的上调作用。结论 lncRNA NEAT1促进LSCC细胞迁移和侵袭,其机制可能与海绵化miR-429上调ZEB1表达促进LSCC细胞EMT有关。     

重复经颅磁刺激对抑郁症患者的抑郁程度和HPA轴的影响

目的探讨重复经颅磁刺激对抑郁症患者的抑郁程度和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴活性的影响。方法采取双盲对照试验方案,将确诊的40例抑郁症患者随机分入工组（治疗组）和Ⅱ组（假刺激对照组）,每组治疗10天。在治疗前及治疗结束后当天检测Hamilton抑郁量表（HAMD）积分、血清皮质醇（CORT）及血清促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）浓度。结果治疗前全组的HAMD积分与血清CORT（r=0．948）和ACTH（r=0．971）浓度和治疗后治疗组的HAMD积分与血清CORT（r=0．920）和ACTH（r=0．978）浓度间均呈显著正相关关系（均P〈0．05）。治疗前两组的HAMD积分（t〈0．001）、血清CORT（t=-0．328）和ACTH（t=-0．228）浓度无统计学差异（均P〉0．05）;治疗后两组的上述指标均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论抑郁症患者的抑郁程度与其血清CORT和ACTH浓度呈正相关。rTMS有改善抑郁症状的作用,其抗抑郁作用的机制可能与其下调HPA轴的活性有关。     

“脑-肠-菌”轴在肠易激综合征发病中的作用

肠易激综合征（IBS）的发病涉及肠道动力障碍、内脏感觉过敏、肠道炎症和免疫反应、精神心理因素等。近年来,脑-肠-菌轴（BGMA）在IBS发病中的作用引起重视,上述的发病因素均可通过神经-免疫-内分泌网络调控方式整合到脑-肠-菌互动框架中进行描述,而且肠道菌群在IBS疾患进程中扮演重要角色。本文从BGMA的组成及其异常在IBS发病中的作用做一综述。     

Dried Plum’s Polyphenolic Compounds and Carbohydrates Contribute to Its Osteoprotective Effects and Exhibit Prebiotic Activity in Estrogen Deficient C57BL/6 Mice

Evidence of dried plum’s benefits on bone continues to emerge. This study investigated the contribution of the fruit’s polyphenol (PP) and carbohydrate (CHO) components on a bone model of postmenopausal osteoporosis to explore their prebiotic activity. Osteopenic ovariectomized mice were fed diets supplemented with dried plum, a crude extract of dried plum’s polyphenolic compounds, or the PP or CHO fraction of the crude extract. The effects of treatments on the bone phenotype were assessed at 5 and 10 weeks as well as the prebiotic activity of the different components of dried plum. Both the CHO and PP fractions of the extract contributed to the effects on bone with the CHO suppressing bone formation and resorption, and the PP temporally down-regulating formation. The PP and CHO components also altered the gut microbiota and cecal short chain fatty acids. These findings demonstrate that the CHO as well as the PP components of dried plum have potential prebiotic activity, but they have differential roles in mediating the alterations in bone formation and resorption that protect bone in estrogen deficiency.     

Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis MG741 Reduces Body Weight and Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving the Gut Permeability and Amelioration of Inflammatory Cytokines

Diet-induced obesity is one of the major causes of the development of metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, specific probiotic strains have been found to improve the symptoms of NAFLD. We examined the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis MG741 (MG741) on NAFLD and weight gain, using a mouse model of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. HFD-fed mice were supplemented daily with MG741. After 12 weeks, MG741-administered mice exhibited reduced fat deposition, and serum metabolic alterations, including fasting hyperinsulinemia, were modulated. In addition, MG741 regulated Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), and carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) expression and lipid accumulation in the liver, thereby reducing the hepatic steatosis score. To determine whether the effects of MG741 were related to improvements in gut health, MG741 improved the HFD-induced deterioration in gut permeability by reducing toxic substances and inflammatory cytokine expression, and upregulating tight junctions. These results collectively demonstrate that the oral administration of MG741 could prevent NAFLD and obesity, thereby improving metabolic health.     

慢性不可预见性应激对大鼠神经递质及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴的影响

目的探讨慢性不可预见性应激(chronic unpredictable stress,CUS)对大鼠神经递质和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,HPA)的影响。方法 16只SD雄性大鼠随机数字表法分为正常对照组和模型组。模型组大鼠给予慢性不可预见性的应激,检测其体质量增长量;通过蔗糖偏嗜实验观察大鼠行为学的改变;采用高效液相-电化学法测定海马多巴胺(dopamine,DA)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT),高效液相-荧光法测定谷氨酸(glutamic acid,Glu)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,γ-GABA);用放射免疫法检测血浆及下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(corticotropin-releasing hormone,CRH)、促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropic hormone,ACTH)、皮质酮(corticosterone,CORT)。结果与正常对照组相比,模型组大鼠体质量增长量显著降低,糖水消耗量明显下降,DA、γ-GABA显著降低,5-HT、Glu有升高的趋势,ACTH显著降低,CORT质量浓度明显增高。结论 CUS会导致大鼠行为学的改变,HPA轴的紊乱。