甘草甜素抑制肺纤维化大鼠肺组织单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的表达

目的: 观察甘草甜素对博来霉素(BLM)诱导的大鼠肺纤维化的干预作用及可能机制。方法: 随机将大鼠分为对照组、肺纤维化模型组、甘草甜素干预组。气管内注入博莱霉素造成动物模型后,于当天开始每天给药,分别于7 、28 d处死,取肺组织,行嗜伊红染色、Masson染色；检测肺组织匀浆中羟脯氨酸(HYP) 的变化; RT-PCR法测肺组织单核细胞趋化因子-1 mRNA的表达,免疫组化测肺组织单核细胞趋化因子-1蛋白的表达。结果: 干预组肺纤维化程度轻于模型组; 肺组织匀浆羟脯氨酸(HYP)含量显著低于模型组( P<0.01) ;在模型组 MCP-1第7 d表达就明显升高，第28 d下降，但仍高于对照组，干预组与模型组有同一规律，但均减弱，第7、28 d与模型组(M组)比较，P<0.05。结论: 甘草甜素能减轻博莱霉素诱导的大鼠肺纤维化，这种作用可能部分是通过抑制MCP-1的表达而实现。     

复方甘草酸苷治疗女性青春期后痤疮疗效观察

目的：评价复方甘草酸苷治疗女性青春期后痤疮的有效性、安全性，并探讨其作用机理。方法：49例女性青春期后痤疮患者随机分为两组。治疗组27例，口服复方甘草酸苷片；对照组22例，口服安体舒通片。两组患者在口服药物的同时均外用5％硫磺霜。疗程均为8周。于用药前、用药后2、4、8周末分别观察记录面部各种皮损的实际数目、全身及局部不良反应。并分别在用药前、用药后8周检测血清睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）及胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）水平。结果：治疗4周后两组平均皮损数目分别由50.2±11．54、48．5±12．26减少为17，8±9．54、38．9±10，64（P〈0．05），复方甘草酸苷起效比安体舒通快；治疗8周后两组有效率分别为85．2％、68．2％（P〉0．05），二者总体疗效相当；复方甘草酸苷治疗女性青春期后痤疮复发率低、无明显不良反应。实验室结果显示，治疗组患者的血清T和IGF-1水平分别由78．4±32．93ng／dL、338．6±91．58ng／mL下降为36．5±13．91ng／dL（P〈0．01）、196．6±60．95ng／mL（P〈0．05），但复方甘草酸苷对E2水平的影响不大。结论：复方甘草酸苷是治疗女性青春期后痤疮安全、有效的方法，并有调节患者血清T及IGF-1水平的作用。     

甘草酸苷制剂联合熊去氧胆酸治疗自身免疫性肝炎及原发性胆汁性肝硬化的临床观察

目的：观察甘草酸苷制剂联合熊去氧胆酸治疗自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）及原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）的疗效。方法：将原发性胆汁性肝硬化病例分为两组,治疗组应用甘草酸苷制剂联合熊去氧胆酸治疗,对照组应用熊去氧胆酸治疗,观察两组的疗效及不良反应,同时观察甘草酸苷制剂联合熊去氧胆酸对自身免疫性肝炎病例的疗效及不良反应。结果：PBC治疗组患者的ALT、AST、GGT水平较治疗前明显降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,但两组间疗效比较差异无统计学意义。应用UDCA和甘草酸苷联合治疗后,AIH患者的ALT、AST、GGT水平明显降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：对AIH和PBC患者应用熊去氧胆酸和甘草酸苷联合治疗安全有效。     

复方甘草甜素氯化钠注射液的细菌内毒素检查

目的探讨复方甘草甜素氯化钠注射液中细菌内毒素的检查方法。方法选择一定灵敏度的鲎试剂考察复方甘草甜素氯化钠注射液对细菌内毒素检查的干扰作用。结果复方甘草甜素氯化钠注射液对细菌内毒素反应有干扰,将其稀释成1∶8的浓度可消除其干扰作用。结论在1∶8的稀释度下,可用灵敏度为0.25EU.mL-1的鲎试剂进行细菌内毒素检查,从而控制细菌内毒素的限量。     

HPLC法测定双香排石颗粒中甘草酸的含量

目的:建立以HPLC法测定双香排石颗粒中甘草酸含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Lichrospher C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.2mol·L-1醋酸铵-冰醋酸(67∶33∶1),检测波长为250nm,流速为0.8mL·min-1。结果:甘草酸铵盐进样量在0.4~6.0μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999);平均回收率为98.0%,RSD=1.85%(n=9)。结论:本方法简便、易行、重现性好,可用于双香排石颗粒的质量控制。     

硫普罗宁联合复方甘草甜素治疗酒精性肝病的疗效

目的：探讨硫普罗宁联合复方甘草甜素对中重度酒精性肝病的疗效。方法：将46例酒精性肝病患者随机分为两组，每组23例。治疗组采用硫普罗宁200mg和复方甘草甜素注射液40ml静脉滴注，对照组采用谷胱甘肽1．2g静脉滴注。治疗前后分别检测两组血清总胆红素（TBil）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST），并对照两组疗效。结果：治疗后治疗组血清TBil、ALT和AST均值明显低于对照组（37．85&#177;19．68vs．68．33&#177;13．07μmol&#183;L^-1，P〈0．01；56．33&#177;14．78vs．89．38&#177;35．67μ&#183;L^-1，P〈0．01：79．76&#177;24．65vs．121．32&#177;23．44．μ&#183;L^-1，P〈0．01）。治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：硫普罗宁联合复方甘草甜素可明显改善酒精性肝病患者肝功能，使总有效率明显提高。     

复方甘草酸苷治疗妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的:观察复方甘草酸苷治疗妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎的疗效。方法:随机选择279例妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎患者,静脉滴注复方甘草酸苷,qd,15d为1个疗程,观察治疗前、后患者及胎儿相关指标的变化情况。结果:治疗后肝功能有明显改善,与治疗前比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。胎儿与正常同孕龄者发育相仿,无显著性差异(P>0.05),治疗期间无明显不良反应发生。结论:复方甘草酸苷治疗妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎安全、有效。     

New staining methodology: Eastern blotting for glycosides in the field of Kampo medicines

Ginsenosides separated by silica gel TLC blotted to a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane treated with a NaIO₄ solution followed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) resulted in a ginsenoside–BSA conjugate on a PVDF membrane. The blotted spot were stained by antiginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) and Rg1 (GRg1) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). The newly established immunostaining method, Eastern blotting, was applied for the determination of ginsenosides possessing protopanaxadiol and/or protopanaxatriol in the Kampo medicines. In this method, we developed a new way to separate the ginsenoside molecule into two functional parts using a simple and well-known chemical reaction. The sugar parts were oxidized by sodium periodate to give dialdehydes, which reacted with amino groups of the protein and covalently bound to the adsorbent PVDF membrane. The MAb bound to the aglycone part of the ginsenoside molecule for immunostaining. Double staining of Eastern blotting for ginsenosides using anti-GRb1 and GRg1 MAbs promoted complete identification of ginsenosides in Panax species. This method was validated for immunocytolocalization of ginsenosides in fresh ginseng root. In addition, Eastern blotting for the detection of glycyrrhizin (GC) was also investigated. GC can be clearly determined by Eastern blotting in the Glycyrrhiza species. It is also possible for GC in rat serum to be surveyed by Eastern blotting by simple pretreatment as a further application.     

甘利欣联合熊去氧胆酸片治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎疗效观察

目的:观察甘利欣联合熊去氧胆酸片治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的临床疗效。方法:80例NASH患者随机分为治疗组40例,对照组40例。治疗组用甘利欣联合熊去氧胆酸片治疗,对照组用常规护肝治疗,疗程2个月。观察肝功能:ALT、AST及血脂(TG、TC)水平。结果:治疗组患者在肝功能改善、血脂水平降低方面均优于对照组。两组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:甘利欣联合熊去氧胆酸片治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎有明显改善肝功能和降低血脂水平的作用。     

Glycyrrhizin Attenuates MPTP Neurotoxicity in Mouse and MPP+-Induced Cell Death in PC12 Cells

The present study examined the inhibitory effect of licorice compounds glycyrrhizin and a metabolite 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on the neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in the mouse and on the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺)-induced cell death in differentiated PC12 cells. MPTP treatment increased the activities of total superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and the levels of malondialdehyde and carbonyls in the brain compared to control mouse brain. Co-administration of glycyrrhizin (16.8 mg/kg) attenuated the MPTP effect on the enzyme activities and formation of tissue peroxidation products. In vitro assay, licorice compounds attenuated the MPP⁺-induced cell death and caspase-3 activation in PC12 cells. Glycyrrhizin up to 100µM significantly attenuated the toxicity of MPP⁺. Meanwhile, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid showed a maximum inhibitory effect at 10µM; beyond this concentration the inhibitory effect declined. Glycyrrhizin and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid attenuated the hydrogen peroxide- or nitrogen species-induced cell death. Results from this study indicate that glycyrrhizin may attenuate brain tissue damage in mice treated with MPTP through inhibitory effect on oxidative tissue damage. Glycyrrhizin and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid may reduce the MPP⁺ toxicity in PC12 cells by suppressing caspase-3 activation. The effect seems to be ascribed to the antioxidant effect.