Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy - Recent topics and technical tips

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNA) is a useful procedure that enables reliable pathological diagnoses of pancreatobiliary diseases, subepithelial lesions, and swollen lymph nodes. In recent years, a pathological diagnosis based on EUS-FNA has made it possible to provide accurate treatment methods not only in these fields, but also in respiratory organs and otorhinolaryngology. This review discusses the latest topics pertaining to EUS-FNA as well as procedural tips.     

Presentación atípica de infección por virus de herpes simple tipo ii (VHS II) refractaria a tratamiento con aciclovir en 2 pacientes hematológicos

Herpesvirus infections are not uncommon in hematologic patients. Our first patient, diagnosed with chronic lymphatic leukemia, presented extensive genital herpes infection refractory to treatment with aciclovir and with a partial response to foscarnet, which had to be withdrawn due to systemic adverse effects. The second patient, diagnosed with follicular Hodgkin lymphoma, presented hypertrophic herpes infection refractory to treatment with aciclovir but that responded to intralesional cidofovir and topical imiquimod. As in other immunocompromised patients, herpesvirus infection in hematologic patients can present atypical manifestations, as well as resistance to treatments that are activated by the viral thymidine kinase. A high level of clinical suspicion is therefore needed to make an early diagnosis, together with extensive knowledge of the different treatments available.     

放射治疗相关性皮肤病

【摘要】 放射治疗作为一种有效的治疗肿瘤及其他多种疾病的手段已广泛应用于临床,其中约有95%的患者出现程度不等的皮肤损害,包括急慢性放射性皮炎,或出现放疗相关的皮肤病如皮肤纤维化、硬斑病、硬化性脂膜炎、大疱性皮肤病、嗜酸性多形性瘙痒性皮疹、硬化萎缩性苔藓、血管肉瘤、非典型性血管病变、放射记忆性皮炎等。此类皮肤损害严重影响了患者的生活质量及治疗依从性。本文将对放疗引起的常见和少见皮肤病作一简要综述,以提高临床医生对放疗相关皮肤病的认识。     

诱导性多功能干细胞在皮肤科研究与应用的进展

【摘要】 诱导性多功能干细胞（iPSC）是通过向体细胞中导入一些特定的多能性转录因子使其重编程为干细胞。相比于传统干细胞,iPSC具有多方面优势,如来源广泛并且可以全能分化,以及更少涉及胚胎干细胞长期争议的取材和伦理问题。在皮肤科,iPSC可以用于制造再生皮肤,构建皮肤疾病模型,为研究皮肤疾病的发病机制提供新的平台,还可以针对特定皮肤疾病进行细胞治疗或基因修正治疗。目前其效果已在动物模型中得到验证,临床试验也正在逐步进行。