Wertigkeit der EKG-Telefon-Telemetrie in der Erfassung symptomatischer Herzrhythmus-Störungen

Summary The ECG-telephone-transmission (TTM) was used to record an ECG-strip during a typical symptomatic period in patients complaining of symptoms possibly caused by arrhythmias (palpitations, dizziness, paroxysm tachycardia, pulse irregularities; angina and dyspnea only if other reasons could be excluded). Patients complaining of syncope only were not admitted, because of the inability to make a telephon call successfully during such a symptomatic period. The ECG was transmitted to the CCU using a frequency modulation technique. In 60% of 196 patients an ECG-TTM could be achieved during a typical symptomatic period, whereas arrhythmias as cause for the symptoms could be excluded in 51 patients (26%). The remaining 66 patients (34%) demonstrated various arrhythmias ranging from simple SVPB and PVC to total AV-block and sustained VT.TTM, an easy-to-perform and cost-effective method allowed a successful ECG registration during a symptomatic period in almost two-thirds of symptomatic patients. In these patients arrhythmias could be verified or excluded as cause of the symptoms.

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Abkürzungsverzeichnis TTM EKG-Telefon-Telemetrie - HF Herzfrequenz - SA-Block sinu-aurikulärer Block - AV-Block atrio-ventrikulärer Block - SVES supraventrikuläre Extrasystole(n) - VES ventrikuläre Extrasysteole(n) - KHK koronare Herzkrankheit - VH-Flimmern Vorhof-Flimmern - parox. paroxysmal - C.C.I.T.T. Internationale Post-Organisation - Ö.P.T. Österreichische Post- u. Telegraphen-Verwaltung - LZ-EKG Langzeit-EKG     

Computer-Assisted Detection of Pulmonary Nodules: Preliminary Observations Using a Prototype System with Multidetector-Row CT Data Sets

The continued revolution in multidetector-row CT (MDCT) scanning increases the quality of lung imaging but at the cost of a greater burden of data for review and interpretation. This article discusses our preliminary experience with prototype software for lung nodule detection and characterization using MDCT data sets. We discuss the potential role of computer-assisted detection (CAD) as applied to the automatic detection of lung nodules. We also review the process of CAD, outline its potential results, and explore how it may fit into existing radiology practice. Finally, we discuss MDCT data-acquisition parameters and how they may affect the performance of CAD.     

IL—6基因转染的瘤苗体内诱导的抗肿瘤免疫功能与效果

经丝裂霉素C体外处理后,将IL-6基因转染的、高分泌的IL-6的B16黑色素瘤细胞制成瘤苗。结果发现,体内注射IL-6基因转染的瘤苗后,小鼠脾脏CTL活性、NK活性及IL-2诱导的LAK活性显著升高。经IL-6基因转染瘤苗体内治疗后,荷瘤小鼠的皮下肿瘤生长显著减慢、肺转移结节数显著降低、存活期显著延长,若同时合用低剂量IL-2,则上述治疗效果更好。可见IL-6基因转染的瘤苗能有效地通过诱导机体抗肿瘤免疫功能而发挥抗肿瘤作用,与低剂量IL-2合用后,IL-6基因转染的瘤苗的抗肿瘤效果更佳。     

Oxygen Tension Imaging in the Mouse Retina

A newly developed microscope-based imaging system was used to measure the oxygen tension (PO₂) inside the retinal and choroidal vessels of mice and to generate in vivo maps of retinal PO₂. These maps were generated from the phosphorescence lifetimes of an injected palladium–porphyrin compound using a frequency-domain measurement. The system was fully calibrated and used to produce retinal PO₂ maps at different inspiratory oxygen fractions. PO₂ rose accordingly and predictably as inspiratory O₂ was stepped from hypoxic to hyperoxic conditions. Important experimental and acquisition parameters necessary for applying phosphorescence lifetime imaging to the mouse eye were investigated, including camera exposure and intensifier gain settings. Because of a need to limit light exposure to the retina, PO₂ map quality as measured by the coefficient of determination was investigated as a function of signal-to-noise and accumulated excitation energy deposition. With the development of this technology for use in mice, the potential for investigating the oxygen dynamics in genetically engineered mouse models of retinal disease, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration, is advanced. © 2003 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2003: 4266Ew, 8763Lk, 8719Dd     

Isolation of a DNA fragment which complements glutamine synthetase deficient strains ofS. pombe

Summary From a gene bank ofS. pombe DNA, a 5.6 kb clone was isolated which complemented mutants defective in glutamine synthetase (GS) activity. Sub-cloning fragments of this 5.6 kb clone showed that the complementing activity was localised in a 1.6 kb HindIII-Aval fragment and a partial DNA sequence revealed an open reading frame preceded by TATA sequences and a TGACTA sequence. Plasmid constructs carrying up to 3.4 kb of DNA used to transformgln ⁻ strains gave transformants which showed a wide range of GS activity, in some cases 100 times the wild-type level. These constructs identify DNA sequences lying downstream from the putative coding sequence which have effects on the total amount of enzyme activity, but do not affect the control imposed by the nitrogen source on which the cells are grown.     

Non-redundancy of cytidine deaminases in class switch recombination

Class switch recombination (CSR), somatic hypermutation, and gene conversion are immunoglobulin diversification mechanisms that are strictly dependent on the activity of the activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). The precise role and substrate(s) of AID in these processes remain to be well defined. The closest homologue of AID is APOBEC-1, a bona fide mRNA-editing enzyme, which shares with AID the ability to deaminate cytidines within single-stranded DNA in vitro and in prokaryotic cells. To determine whether APOBEC-1 can therefore substitute for AID in activated B cells, we expressed human AID, a catalytic mutant thereof, and rat APOBEC-1 in AID-deficient murine B cells. Whereas AID rescued CSR, neither the inactive mutant nor APOBEC-1 could complement AID deficiency. This indicates that cytidine deaminase activity is necessary but not sufficient to initiate CSR, and suggests that AID is specifically targeted to its cognate substrate, the immunoglobulin genes or a distinct mRNA, by an as-yet-unknown mechanism.     

基因探针监测巨细胞病毒潜伏感染的母儿间传播

本文采用基因探针检测孕妇静脉血及新生儿脐静脉血白细胞中CMVDNA，同时应用ELISA检测其血清中IgG、IgM．结果：10例孕妇CMV-DNA阳性，占8．7％(10／115)，这10例孕妇血IgG均阳性，IgM均阴性；17例新生儿CMV—DNA阳性．占14．3％(17／119)，其中IgM阳性2例，占1．7％(2／119)。本次研究中配对者79例，母儿CMV—DNA均阳性者8例，新生儿CMV—DNA阳性而母亲阴性者4例。上述CMV-DNA阳性者均无临床症状。研究结果提示基因探针可监测CMV的潜伏感染，从而进一步研究CMV感染的母儿传播机制。     

颈椎病患者经颅多普勒检查与头颅CT和脑电图的关系

应用多普勒技术对50例确诊为椎动脉型颈椎病的患者进行了检查,结果30例异常。其中25例主要表现为不同程度的双侧颈动脉血流量对称性偏低,管径及头颅CT无异常,脑电图部分改变,主要表现为低幅慢波,经治疗后症状改善,多普勒复查正常,说明CT正常不能否定脑缺性血管病的存在,CT不能代替多普勒检查,另5例主要表现为双侧颈动脉血流量不对称,其中3例为双侧血管经狭窄,CT提示全脑萎缩,脑电图呈低幅慢波;另2例CT提示左颞后顶区,右枕外侧区梗塞,脑电图及脑电地形图表现相应部位慢波灶达6～7级。CT异常者,临床治疗效果欠佳,多普勒检查和脑电图及临床症状变化不大,故多普勒检查对监测脑动力循环有一定意义。     

Assignment of RFLP,RAPD and isoenzyme markers to Aspergillus nidulans chromosomes,using chromosome-substituted segregants of a hybrid of A. nidulans and A. quadrilineatus

Chromosome-substituted haploid segregants were selected from among the benomyl-induced progeny of an interspecific hybrid produced by polyethylene-glycol-induced fusion of protoplasts of an Aspergillus nidulans master strain and an A. quadrilineatus auxotrophic mutant. These segregants were examined by RFLP, RAPD, and isoenzyme analysis. The A. nidulans ribosomal repeat unit was assigned to chromosome V, while the benA and the pyrG genes were assigned to linkage groups VIII and I, respectively, of A. nidulans. None of the other cloned genes tested (gdhA, amdS and 25s rRNA) showed polymorphism between the two parents. The method was also used to assign RAPD markers and isoenzyme bands of -arylesterase, phosphatases, NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase, and cellulase, to A. nidulans chromosomes and/or to their A. quadrilineatus equivalents. The isoenzyme and DNA sequences assigned to chromosomes could be used to saturate the genetic map of A. nidulans, or could serve as starting points for the construction of a genetic map of A. quadrilineatus. No method affording the same possibilities has been described so far in Aspergilli. This chromosome-assay method may be a useful alternative to pulsed-field-gel electrophoretic procedures for the assignment of molecular markers to chromosomes.     

中国人群DXS102座位多态性鉴定及其应用

目的探讨中国人群中ＤＸＳ１０２座位的多态分布。方法应用ＰＣＲ扩增片段长度多态性（Ａｍｐ－ＦＬＰ）研究了无亲缘关系的２３４条Ｘ染色体。结果ＤＸＳ１０２座位等位片段有８个，核心单元ＡＣ二核苷酸重复数为１３～２１，频率分布在０．０１３～０．１５６之间，杂合度观察值和无偏估测值分别为０．８７和０．８０，多态信息含量（ＰＩＣ）０．８０，女性基因型数为２２个，男性基因型数为８个，该座位多态分布符合Ｈａｒｄｙ－Ｗｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ平衡定律。ＤＸＳ１０２座位在中国人群和欧洲人群的分布有明显的种族差异，在中国人群中发现了两个新的等位片段。应用ＤＸＳ１０２座位的短串联重复序列多态性对一接受基因治疗的血友病Ｂ家系进行分析和携带者筛查。结论ＤＸＳ１０２座位连锁分析有望成为一种有效的血友病Ｂ基因诊断的方法。