复方草珊瑚含片中薄荷脑的定量分析

目的建立一种用气相色谱法测定复方草珊瑚含片中薄荷脑含量的方法。方法采用HP-FFAP弹性石英毛细管柱，程序升温，FID检测器，检测器温度250℃，进样口温度250℃。结果薄荷脑在0．020～0．300μg范围内呈线性关系，平均回收率为99．36％，RSD=1．12％。结论该方法测定复方草珊瑚含片中薄荷脑的含量操作简便、结果准确可靠，可作为复方草珊瑚含片中薄荷脑含量测定的方法。     

HPLC法蒸发光散射检测器测定芪丹健脑颗粒的黄芪甲苷的含量

芪丹健脑颗粒是在儿科临床经验方基础上开发研制的中药复方制剂,处方由黄芪、茯苓、白术、党参等多味中药材组成。具有补血益气,益智开窍的功能。能够提高免疫功能,增强记忆,促进脑功能发育,临床可用于治疗小儿智能低下症。黄芪为方中君药,为了有效控制制剂的质量,拟对黄芪中的黄芪甲苷进行含量测定。在以往多数文献报道与《中国药典》2000年版中,对黄芪及黄芪制剂中的黄芪甲苷的测定方法采用薄层扫描法进行定量,薄层扫描法虽然在医药领域中占有重要的地位,其精密度、准确度能够符合质量标准的要求,但与HPLC法相比稳定性、重现性相对较差,…     

Granule maturation in mast cells: Histamine in control

Mast cells are derived from committed progenitors that originate in the BM. They mature into histochemically distinguishable, metachromatic mast cells containing numerous cytoplasmic secretory granules. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that mast cell granule maturation is very tightly regulated by many factors including different granule components such as proteoglycans. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Nakazawa et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2014. 44 : 204–214] highlight a role for mast cell derived histamine as another factor critical for mast cell maturation. Using histidine decarboxylase (HDC) deficient mice that are unable to make histamine, they show poorly formed secretory granules and decreased secretory granule protease expression in peritoneal mast cells. Co‐culturing BM‐derived mast cells with fibroblasts normally drives granule maturation, but HDC‐deficient BM‐derived mast cells fail to do so. Exogenously provided histamine partly restores granule differentiation as evidenced by increased tryptase and chymase activity, and this is histamine receptor type H₄‐dependent. However, H₄‐deficient mice have intact granule formation in peritoneal mast cells, suggesting that when HDC is functional, the intrinsic histamine production is sufficient for most granule maturation processes and H₄ is dispensable. This study highlights the role of histamine in the regulation of mast cell maturation, although the cytosolic target remains unknown.     

Control of fluid shear response in circulating leukocytes by integrins

Recent evidence shows that circulating leukocytes respond not only to humoral inflammatory mediators but also to fluid stresses. Application of fluid shear stress (of the order of 1–10 cm² to fresh migrating leukocytes leads to initial retraction of pseudopods, an important step to facilitate normal passage of leukocytes through the microcirculation and to prevent spreading on the endothelium. The ability to respond to fluid shear stress, however, may be regulated under different physiological conditions. In the current study, we examine the role of integrins in the fluid shear response as measured by pseudopod retraction with the use of antibodies against human neutrophil ₁ and ₂ integrins. Neutrophils adhering via ₂ integrins exhibit normal ability to project pseudopods and to migrate. Such cells show normal response to fluid shear with rapid pseudopod retraction. In contrast, attachment via ₁ integrins leads to firmly adhesive leukocytes, spreading and almost no cell migration. Such leukocytes exhibit a significantly attenuated ability for pseudopod retraction under fluid shear. These results suggest that integrins may serve as a regulating mechanism for fluid shear response in human leukocytes. Attachment via ₁ integrins may lead to an abolishment of the fluid shear response. © 2002 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2002: 8716-b, 8719Tt     

复方丹参滴丸对促红细胞生成素相关性高血压及高黏滞状态的影响

目的观察复方丹参滴丸对促红细胞生成素（EPO）相关性高血压及高黏滞状态的影响。方法46例维持性血液透析患者随机分为两组,每组23例,治疗组在EPO治疗基础上加用复方丹参滴丸10粒,每日三次,连服16周。观察两组患者治疗前后血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞比容（Hct）、红细胞计数（RBC）、血液流变学、EPO相关性高血压、透析器凝血、降压药、肝素用量等指标的变化。结果16周后,两组贫血明显改善,平均Hb、Hct、RBC无明显差异;两组全血高切、低切黏度升高,治疗组升高幅度小于对照组,P〈0．05。治疗组透析器凝血、透析相关性高血压、心绞痛发生率较对照组明显减少,有统计学差异;对照组降压药使用种类及肝素用量明显增加,P〈0．05。两组纤维蛋白原含量、红细胞聚集指数无统计学差异。结论复方丹参滴丸具有减少EPO相关性高血压发生率、改善血液高黏滞状态、降低心绞痛发生率的作用。     

外感风寒颗粒对大鼠体内对乙酰氨基酚代谢的影响

目的观察外感风寒颗粒对大鼠体内对乙酰氨基酚（APAP）代谢的影响。方法以口服APAP的大鼠为阳性对照,比较外感风寒颗粒与APAP同时口服及先服用外感风寒颗粒,2h后服用APAP试验组对APAP的药代动力学参数。结果同时给予外感风寒颗粒和APAP的试验组与单独给予APAP的对照组相比,AUC0-4h值升高（P〈0.05）,先服用APAP,2h后服用外感风寒颗粒的试验组AUC0-4h、Cmax值有显著升高（P〈0.01）,且升高值与外感风寒颗粒服用剂量成正比。结论外感风寒颗粒能使APAP在大鼠体内的血药浓度升高,对APAP的代谢有影响。     

辣蓼颗粒成型工艺的研究

目的探讨辣蓼颗粒的成型工艺条件。方法考察不同辅料即乳糖、玉米淀粉和糊精对浸膏粉吸湿性的影响；用正交试验法优选制粒工艺条件及评价颗粒的流动性与吸湿性等。结果3种辅料均可明显降低浸膏粉的吸湿性；最佳制粒工艺条件为浸膏粉与玉米淀粉、乳糖按2：2：1的比例混匀，以75％乙醇为润湿剂制软材，湿粒以70％温度干燥，成品颗粒的流动性好；临界相对湿度为75％。结论混合辅料（玉米淀粉和乳糖）可改善浸膏粉的成型性和颗粒剂的抗湿性；辣蓼颗粒制粒工艺条件的优化为产品的工业生产环境控制提供了科学依据。     

高效液相色谱法测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量

目的　建立高效液相色谱法测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量的方法。方法　MZC18分析色谱柱 (4 .6mmID× 2 5 0mm ,粒径 5 μm) ,流动相A :10 %乙腈 (含 0 .5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3.0 ) ;B :85 %乙腈 (含 0 .5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3.0 )。梯度洗脱程序 :1～ 11min ,A :4 0 %～ 0 ;B :6 0 %～ 10 0 % ,流速 1.5ml/min。检测波长 4 33nm ;结果　大黄素回归方程Y =- 0 .0 0 14 75+0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 33X ,r =0 .9999,线性范围 0 .0 16 6 4～ 0 .6 6 5 4 μg ;大黄酚回归方程Y =- 0 .0 0 346 4 +0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 82X ,r =0 .9999,线性范围 0 .0 2 4 4 7～ 0 .9789μg。大黄素和大黄酚平均回收率分别为 96 .2 % (RSD =4 .7% )和 97.4 % (RSD =2 .1% )。结论　该方法操作简便 ,测定结果准确可靠 ,可用于测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定黄芪桂枝五物颗粒中黄芪甲苷的含量

目的 建立控制黄芪桂枝五物颗粒质量的方法.方法 采用C18色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-水（31：69）;蒸发光散射检测器;柱温 30 ℃.应用高效液相色谱法（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）测定黄芪桂枝五物颗粒中黄芪甲苷的含量.结果 黄芪甲苷在2～10 μg 范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9990,n=5）;重复性试验RSD值为1.6%（n=6）;平均回收率为97.91%,RSD为1.23% （n=6）;供试品溶液在8 h内稳定.结论 该方法 准确、可靠、重现性好,可作为黄芪桂枝五物颗粒的质量控制指标.     

夏凌养阴颗粒质量控制的研究

目的 初步建立夏凌养阴颗粒的质量控制标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法对玄参、黄芪甲苷、凌霄花进行定性鉴别;采用蒸发光散射检测法测定黄芪甲苷的含量.结果 在薄层色谱法中可检出玄参、黄芪甲苷、凌霄花;在蒸发光散射检测法中,黄芪甲苷在0.4665～9.330μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9998,样品的平均回收率为99.47%,...