宁夏枸杞叶中的化学成分

目的研究中药宁夏枸杞叶中的化学成分。方法使用70%乙醇对宁夏枸杞叶进行提取,所得浸膏混悬后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取。分别取乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层,使用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备液相色谱及薄层色谱等色谱技术进行分离纯化,利用理化常数和核磁共振、质谱等波谱学技术对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果从宁夏枸杞叶70%乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取层和正丁醇萃取层中分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别为对甲氧基苯甲酸(1),对甲氧基肉桂酸(2),东莨菪素(3),对羟基苯甲醛(4),对羟基苯乙酮(5),(Z)-2-亚乙基-3-甲基丁二酸(6),槲皮素(7),腺苷(8),东莨菪苷(9),芦丁(10)。结论化合物1,2,4,6,8为首次从枸杞属植物中分离得到,化合物3,5,9为首次从宁夏枸杞叶中分离得到。     

喀什小檗叶不同萃取部位舒张血管活性的筛选

目的研究喀什小檗叶不同萃取部位对大鼠离体胸主动脉环的舒张作用,筛选有效部位。方法采用离体血管灌流实验方法,观察0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1、5 mg/mL喀什小檗叶不同萃取部位(石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水)对去氧肾上腺素(PE)(1μmol/L)预收缩的内皮完整血管环和去内皮血管环张力的影响。内皮完整血管环经一氧化氮合酶抑制剂(L?NAME)预处理,以探讨喀什小檗叶乙酸乙酯部位舒张血管作用是否与NO释放有关。结果喀什小檗叶不同萃取部位中,乙酸乙酯部位对内皮完整和去内皮的离体血管环均有浓度依赖性地舒张作用(P<0.01),并且去内皮处理后,作用强度无明显差异(P>0.05)。经L?NAME预处理后,乙酸乙酯部位对内皮完整血管环的舒张作用不受抑制。结论喀什小檗叶不同萃取部位中乙酸乙酯部位具有舒张血管作用,其舒张血管作用是非内皮依赖性的,并且其作用机制与内源性NO释放无关。     

HPLC测定桑叶中绿原酸、芦丁和木犀草苷含量

目的建立同时测定桑叶中绿原酸、芦丁和木犀草苷含量的方法。方法样品用70％乙醇溶液提取,采用Phenomenex LunaC18色谱柱（4．6mm×250mm,5μm）分离;流动相：0．1％磷酸-乙腈,梯度洗脱;流速：1：0mL·min^-1;检测波长：348nm。结果绿原酸、芦丁、木犀草苷分别在3．048～152．4,1．059～52．96,1．437-71．85μg·mL一内具有良好的线性关系;加标回收率分别为100．4％,98.3％,98．7％;RSD分别为1．7％,2．0％,1．9％（n=9）。结论该方法简单易行,准确性和重复性好,可用于桑叶的质量控制。     

三七叶总皂苷脂质体凝胶剂的研制与质量评价

目的：研究三七叶总皂苷脂质体凝胶剂的制备方法,并进行质量评价。方法：以薄膜分散法制备脂质体,通过正交试验设计优化三七叶总皂苷脂质体的处方。采用高速离心法测定其包封率,以包封率的高低做为脂质体优劣的评价指标,筛选出制备脂质体的最佳工艺。并进一步制备成凝胶,采用高效液相色谱法测定其中人参皂苷Rb3的含量,并初步观察其稳定性。结果：所制凝胶剂为半透明粘稠状胶体,考察符合《中国药典》2010年版的相关规定,稳定性良好,皮肤刺激性小。结论：本制剂制备工艺简单可行,检测方法可靠,质量稳定可控。     

木瓜叶化学成分的预试验

目的:通过预实验,初步探索木瓜叶的化学成分。方法:采用化学反应鉴别法分别对广西产木瓜叶水提取液、乙醇提取液和石油醚提取液进行化学成分预试验。结果:预试验项目中的黄酮类、酚类、香豆素与内酯、强心苷、挥发油及油脂、植物甾醇、三萜类、糖类、苷类、鞣质、有机酸、生物碱项目均出现正反应现象,其他项目出现负反应现象。结论:通过实验发现木瓜叶中可能含有黄酮类、酚类、香豆素与内酯、强心苷、挥发油及油脂、植物甾醇、三萜类、糖类、苷类、鞣质、有机酸、生物碱这些化学成分,为进一步进行该植物的生物活性成分研究提供了实验基础。     

薏苡叶总碱抗氧化研究

目的:研究广西薏苡叶总碱的抗氧化性,为薏苡叶的开发利用提供参考依据。方法:以75%乙醇为溶剂提取薏苡叶中的总碱类物质,采取比色法测定薏苡叶总碱对DPPH·、O2-和·OH 3三种自由基的清除作用以及对Fe3+还原能力。结果:薏苡叶有较强的清除作用及还原Fe3+能力。结论:清除率与浓度存在明显的量效关系,当总碱浓度为0.50 mg/ml时,其清除率O2-·为43.5%,DPPH·为69.2%,·OH为11.2%;还原Fe3+能力随总碱的浓度增加而增强。     

A randomized controlled study of dose-finding,efficacy, and safety of mulberry leaves on glycemic profiles in obese persons with borderline diabetes

ObjectivesMulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves have been used in traditional medicine for treating hyperglycemia. However, there remains difficulties in the implementation of mulberry leaves in evidence-based practice. The aims of this study were to examine the optimal dose of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) in mulberry leaves and to determine the efficacy and safety of mulberry leaves in glycemic control in obese persons with borderline diabetes.DesignFirst, healthy adults were recruited into the dose-finding study and randomly allocated to ingest sucrose solution concurrently with mulberry leaf powder at weights equivalent to 0 (control), 6, 12, and 18 mg of DNJ. Postprandial glucose and undesirable effects were evaluated. Second, obese persons with borderline diabetes were randomly assigned into the mulberry-leaves treatment group (12 mg of mulberry DNJ three times daily) and the control group in the 12-week prospective study. Blood glucose and insulin as well as adverse effects were determined.ResultsTwelve mg of mulberry DNJ was the minimum effective dose attenuating postprandial hyperglycemia. Mulberry leaves decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) by 3.86 ± 5.99 mg/dL (p = 0.002) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 0.11 ± 0.22 % (p = 0.011) when compared with the baseline levels. Improvement in glucose tolerance was not observed. Furthermore, mulberry leaves tended to ameliorate insulin resistance (p = 0.057). Adverse events of mulberry leaves commonly found in this study were gastrointestinal symptoms including bloating, flatulence, and loose stools.ConclusionMulberry leaves possessed favorable effects on glycemic profiles without serious side effects.     

Bioactive Bacterial Nanocellulose Membranes Enriched with Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Leaves Aqueous Extract for Anti-Aging Skin Care Applications

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes, with remarkable physical and mechanical properties, emerged as a versatile biopolymeric carrier of bioactive compounds for skin care applications. In this study, BNC membranes were loaded with glycerol (as plasticizer and humectant agent) and different doses (1–3 μg cm⁻²) of an aqueous extract obtained from the hydro-distillation of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaves (HDE), for application as sheet facial masks. All membranes are resistant and highly malleable at dry and wet states, with similar or even better mechanical properties than those of a commercial BNC mask. Moreover, the HDE was found to confer a dose-dependent antioxidant activity to pure BNC. Additionally, upon 3 months of storage at 22–25 °C and 52% relative humidity (RH) or at 40 °C and 75% RH, it was confirmed that the antioxidant activity and the macroscopic aspect of the membrane with 2 μg cm⁻² of HDE were maintained. Membranes were also shown to be non-cytotoxic towards HaCaT and NIH/3T3 cells, and the membrane with 2 μg cm⁻² of HDE caused a significant reduction in the senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in NIH/3T3 cells. These findings suggest the suitability and potential of the obtained membranes as bioactive facial masks for anti-aging applications.     

刺五加叶化学成分及药理作用研究进展

刺五加叶作为传统药材已经被大量应用于现代化工研究、医药研究和日常饮食中,在古今中外均有着广泛的应用。已经被鉴定出的皂苷类、黄酮类、氨基酸、酚酸及有机酸类化合物等多种成分,表现出保护神经系统、镇静催眠、降糖降脂、抗氧化及抗炎等药理作用。本文对刺五加叶的化学成分及其药理作用研究进展予以归纳综述,以期能够为日后更进一步探索刺五加叶应用前景提供科学依据。     

植物-土壤反馈对刺五加幼苗次生代谢产物的影响

目的:研究植物-土壤反馈对刺五加幼苗根、茎、叶次生代谢产物的影响。方法:通过温室盆栽试验,分别对未种植过刺五加的土壤(1组),连续3年种植刺五加的土壤(2组)和多年种植刺五加的土壤(3组),分别种植刺五加1年生幼苗,并对其根、茎、叶的次生代谢产物进行分析。结果:L-苯丙氨酸,原儿茶酸,刺五加苷B,绿原酸,咖啡酸,刺五加苷E,异嗪皮啶,芦丁,金丝桃苷,槲皮素在多年生长刺五加土壤种植,对刺五加幼苗叶和根均有显著性差异,但在茎中绿原酸和刺五加苷E无显著性差异。其中刺五加苷E,异嗪皮啶,芦丁和金丝桃苷在多年生刺五加土壤种植的幼苗叶中未检出。在刺五加幼苗的根中,多数次生代谢产物呈现正反馈;在刺五加幼苗的茎中,咖啡酸,刺五加苷E,金丝桃苷,槲皮素呈现负反馈;在刺五加幼苗的叶中多数次生代谢产物呈现正反馈。结论:植物和土壤在刺五加幼苗生长过程不同部位呈现出不同的反馈情况,整体而言,未种植过刺五加的土壤对刺五加幼苗的次生代谢产物更具优势。研究结果为阐述植物-土壤反馈对刺五加的影响提供研究基础,并为人工栽培刺五加提供了理论依据和技术支持。