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21.
Rodolphe Korichi Sophie Mac-Mary Ahmed Elkhyat Jean-Marie Sainthillier Pascal Ränsch Philippe Humbert Eric Viviant Germaine Gazano Christian Mahé 《Skin research and technology》2006,12(3):206-210
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this work was to develop a new sensor for objective in vivo measurement of the cutaneous temperature based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), and to compare these performances with those of a classical thermocouple. Research on this new sensor was carried out to allow the quantification of the thermal properties of the made-up skin. METHODS: Sixteen female subjects divided into two different age groups (18-35 and >50 years old) were recruited for this study. Several zones of the face and forearms were made up at random with foundations containing or not a thermoregulator raw material. The quantity of foundation applied on the skin was standardized and measurements were carried out first before make-up, and then 10 s and 5 min after make-up. The new sensor and the thermocouple were used successively on each zone. The cutaneous temperature was expressed in degrees celsius. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The two systems are similar in terms of repeatability and reproducibility, with some differences in sensibility. The data measured by the MEMS sensor appear lower than those measured by the thermocouple. After make-up, the MEMS sensor detects a progressive increase of the temperature in time whereas the thermocouple detects a decrease. We found the same evolution on the face but in a more attenuated way. These results tend to show that the devices do not measure the same phenomenon. The thermocouple appears more sensitive to the thermal response of the made-up surface whereas the MEMS sensor appears more sensitive to the heat transfers in the interface between the skin and make-up. 相似文献
22.
Pascal Thomas Gilbert Massard Henri Porte Christophe Doddoli Xavier Ducrocq Massimo Conti 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2006,29(6):880-885
Objective: To investigate on the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a new bioabsorbable material for lung staple-line reinforcement. Methods: This prospective open trial included 66 patients (mean age of 56 ± 17 years) who underwent various types of lung resection using staplers with knitted calcium alginate sleeves for buttressing (FOREseal™, Laboratoires Brothier, Nanterre, France) at three academic centers: 29 lobectomies, 22 emphysema surgeries, 15 wedge resections or lung biopsies. Intraoperative air leakage was assessed at a mean respiratory peak pressure of 30 cmH2O, and rated as grade 1, 2, or 3. Persistent air leakage in the postoperative course, as well as any relevant event, was assessed daily. The follow-up period was of 6 months. Results: No technical problem linked to the device occurred. Hemostasis of the cutting edges was completed in all patients. Fifty-six percent of the patients had no intraoperative air leak and 27.3% had grade 1 leaks. Mean postoperative air leaks and thoracic drainage times were 1.9 ± 2.3 days and 6 ± 5.3 days, respectively. In-hospital mortality was nil. There was no empyema. Mean hospital stay was 9.1 ± 6.6 days. At follow-up, one patient underwent lung transplantation, and pathology of the explanted specimen showed the absence of device-related foreign-body inflammation. One patient complained from metalloptysis, and another one, with a metastatic invasive aspergillosis, developed an infectious recurrence that required reoperation. Conclusions: FOREseal is an ergonomic, safe, and promising new material instead of nonabsorbable materials and xenomaterials for staple-line reinforcement. A randomized comparative study is now in progress. 相似文献
23.
Derivation and spontaneous differentiation of human embryonic stem cells 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are unique cells derived from the inner cell mass of the mammalian blastocyst. These cells are immortal and pluripotent, retain their developmental potential after prolonged culture, and can be continuously cultured in an undifferentiated state. Many in vitro differentiation systems have been developed for mouse ES cells, including reproducible methods for mouse ES cell differentiation into haematopoietic and neural precursors, cardiomyocytes, insulin‐secreting cells, endothelial cells and various other cell types. The derivation of new human ES cell lines provides the opportunity to develop unique models for developmental research and for cell therapies. In this review we consider the derivation and spontaneous differentiation of human ES cells. 相似文献
24.
程亚青 《中华医学教育杂志》2002,29(1):58-59,104
在高职高专医学院校专业课程教学中,开展课外科技活动是实施素质教育的有效途径.课外科技活动能够培养学生客观、求实的科学精神,严谨、认真的工作态度,勇于实践、不怕艰苦的意志品质,有助于提升学生的专业素质;课外科技活动拓宽了学生的知识面,提高了学生分析问题、解决问题的能力和实际动手操作能力,使学生掌握了科学论文的一般写作方法,有助于提高学生的职业技能;课外科技活动促进了学生对本学科前沿技术的了解,有助于学生树立热爱自然、保护环境的意识,促进学生非智力因素的发展和教师教学水平的提高,从而具有课堂教学不可替代的重要作用. 相似文献
25.
目的 评价核酸或核苷酸用于临床营养支持和免疫调节治疗的安全性、有效性和经济学价值。方法 检索中国生物医学文献数据库、Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE光盘数据库、EMBASE光盘数据库,并联机检索SCI数据库,鉴定有关随机对照试验(RCTs),采用RevMan4.l进行Meta-分析。结果 纳入46个随机对照试验,涉及核酸/核苷酸用于肠内营养支持、婴儿营养、免疫调节治疗。18个研究报告了含核苷酸组分的免疫增强型肠内营养对外科术后和危重症患者预后的影响,合并分析发现免疫营养对患者感染率、住院时间和费用有肯定意义。发现1个报告在母乳代用品中加入核苷酸对婴儿免疫功能影响的研究,但报告对临床结局无明显影响。27个对“免疫核酸”用于免疫调节治疗的随机对照试验均为低质量研究,合并分析无法肯定iRNA的临床价值。结论 在外科术后患者应用免疫肠内营养制剂可降低感染率、缩短住院时间并可能减少住院费用,但不能确定作为组分之一的核苷酸的作用。尚无证据支持在母乳代用品中添加核苷酸具有临床意义。不能肯定免疫核酸是否具有免疫调节作用,亦未发现核酸在延缓衰老、改善老年人健康状况方面的可用证据。建议对核酸、核苷酸用于营养支持治疗和免疫调节治疗进行进一步研究,严格规范“核酸营养品”的宣传和应用。 相似文献
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新生儿呕吐性疾病的消化道造影研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究新生儿呕吐性疾病的造影技术,探讨其影像特征。方法:对比剂引入方式采用吸吮法和插胃管抽液后再注入对比剂两种方法;选用对比剂有6 0 %~80 % (W/V)的硫酸钡混悬液30~4 0ml或30 %泛影葡胺30ml;采用不同体位多轴位观察摄片,并对5 4例造影表现进行分析。结果:5 4例新生儿消化道造影均满足诊断要求,其中先天性幽门狭窄11例(19 6 % ) ,胃食管反流34例(6 3 0 % ) ,环形胰腺9例(16 .7% )。经手术治疗2 0例均与术前X线诊断相一致。结论:传统的上消化道造影是诊断新生儿呕吐病因的有效方法,熟练掌握造影技术和特有的造影征像能够及时地明确诊断。 相似文献