下颌磨牙区即拔即种的临床疗效观察

目的 探究下颌磨牙区即拔即种的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年1月至2019年1月江门市口腔医院收治的60例需进行下颌磨牙区种植的患者随机分为A、B组,A组给予即拔即种,B组给予延期种植,比较两组留存率、浅蝶形骨吸收率、种植12个月后PIS指标及满意度进行评价。结果 随访12个月两组留存率均为100%,浅碟形骨吸收率A组前磨牙为16.67%、磨牙为22.22%,B组前磨牙为10.00%、磨牙为25.00%,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),A组植入30个种植体,60个牙间乳头,其中3度29个、2度24个、1度7个,B组植入30个种植体,60个牙间乳头,其中3度14个、2度24个、1度22个,A组牙间乳头PIS指标优于B组,且A组牙间乳头PIS评分(2.36±0.52)较B组(1.87±0.48)显著提高,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),A组对治疗效果满意率为93.33%较B组66.67%显著提高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对于下颌磨牙区缺牙患者可采取即拔即种的方法修复,缩短缺牙时间,促进咬合和咀嚼功能恢复,舒适且美观,提高患者的满意度,值得在临床上推广。     

不同提取工艺芹菜籽油得率及芹菜甲素和总酞内酯含量的研究

【目的】以不同提取工艺下芹菜籽油的得油率及芹菜甲素、总酞内酯的含量评价各提取工艺。【方法】采用有机溶剂提取法、索氏提取法、水蒸气蒸馏法3大常规方法及亚临界和超临界提取法提取芹菜籽油。并分别采用高效液相色谱法及紫外可见分光光度法考察芹菜籽油中芹菜甲素及总酞内酯的含量。【结果】不同提取工艺下芹菜籽油得油率、芹菜甲素与总酞内酯的含量差别较大,范围分别为0.30%~20.02%、1.40%~10.13%、4.74%~17.65%。【结论】提取芹菜甲素以R134a与丁烷为溶剂的亚临界提取工艺为佳,芹菜甲素转移率相当;提取总酞内酯则以二甲醚为溶剂的亚临界提取法为优。     

小切口劈核法与超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗老年性硬核性白内障的疗效比较

目的:比较小切口劈核法与超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗老年性硬核性白内障的疗效。方法:选择70例（78眼）老年性硬核性白内障患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各35例（39眼）。对照组患者接受超声乳化白内障摘除术,观察组患者接受小切口劈核法白内障摘除术。比较2组患者的视力水平、散光程度、不良反应、生活质量。结果:2组患者术前视力水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后2组患者视力水平较术前均显著改善 （P<0.01）,观察组患者术后4周和8周视力水平均高于对照组（P<0.01和P<0.05）。术前2组散光度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组患者散光度术后1周均明显升高,8周后均呈下降趋势（P<0.01和P<0.05）;术后同时期2组散光度差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组不良反应发生率为25.64%,低于对照组的48.72%（P<0.05）;2组患者术后的生活质量评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论:综合考虑视力水平、散光程度、生活质量以及术后并发症情况,小切口劈核法白内障摘除术可作为基层医院治疗老年性硬核白内障的方法。     

Modified technique to extract malpositioned or migrated self-expanding stents from the esophagus and stomach

Background and Aim:  Various methods have been used to remove self expandable stents (SES) because of either malposition or migration. The main difficulties encountered in such situations are the anatomic obstacle of the lower and upper esophageal sphincters as well as risk of mucosal injury during removal.
Methods:  We describe a modified approach using an esophagogastroduodenoscope (EGD) in combination with a foreign body hood protector, rat tooth forceps and snare allowing for successful SES removal from the upper gastrointestinal tract in four cases.
Results:  In all cases, the SES were successfully removed from upper gastrointestinal tract using this technique. No complications were noted after extraction.
Conclusion:  The foreign body hood protector combined with rat tooth forceps/snare technique is a safe and effective alternative to previously described methods for extraction of SES from the upper gastrointestinal tract. This method may be applicable for the removal of other such objects within the endoscope's reach.     

信息化在规范护理敏感质量指标提取中的应用

目的 利用信息系统规范护理敏感质量指标的提取。 方法 分别通过完善及应用护理质量管理系统、医院信息网络系统(hospital information system, HIS)、蓝蜻蜓系统、“问卷星”在线调查工具4个信息系统采集变量,采集过程中进行质量控制。 结果 得出不同指标提取的相应信息渠道,规范各指标获取方法。 结论 利用信息系统进行护理敏感质量指标变量采集,保证了指标的可测量性、客观性、有效性和及时性。     

Utility of risk scores to predict adverse events in cardiac lead extraction

Introduction: Increasing device implantations, patient comorbidities, and longer life expectancy contribute to an increased need for lead extraction. Even if transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is a highly successful procedure, some serious procedural complications are reported. In order to identify those patients who are at higher risk, risk stratification scores were proposed.

Areas covered: The major obstacles to lead extractions are represented by the body’s response to the foreign implanted material and by the following development of fibrotic reaction between the lead and the vascular system. Several clinical factors and device features are associated with major complications and worse outcomes. Although different multiparametric scores predicting the safety and the efficacy of TLE procedures were reported, none of these scores were prospective evaluated.

Expert commentary: A correct risk stratification is needed in order to refer complex patients to centers with proven experience and avoid futile procedures. Furthermore, the identification of high-risk patients allows to perform the extraction procedure in the operating room instead of electrophysiology lab. Albeit some risk scores able to predict adverse event in cardiac lead extraction were described, there are still several limitations to their use and reproducibility.     

舌状截囊方法在过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中的应用

目的：探讨舌状截囊方法在过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。

方法：对380 眼过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中采用舌状截囊方法,术后观察及随访其疗效。

结果：所有患眼术后视力均有不同程度提高, 视力恢复情况：术后1d,0.1以下85眼(22.4%),0.1～0.3者162眼(42.6%),0.4～0.6者87眼(22.9%),0.6以上者46眼(12.1%)。术后1mo 0.1以下33眼(8.7%),0.1～0.3者152眼(40.0%),0.4～0.6者117眼(30.8%),0.6以上者78眼(20.5%)。术中术后并发症：术中悬韧带断离16眼(4.2%),后囊膜破裂25眼(6.6%), 角膜水肿53眼(13.9%),人工晶状体偏位12眼(3.2%)。

结论：舌状截囊方法容易掌握,手术的安全性更好,更适合在援非过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中的应用。     

Cost-Effective Isolation of a Process Impurity of Pregabalin

Cost-effective isolation methods were developed on preparative HPLC, flash LC, and simulated moving bed (SMB) to prepare the process impurity, 3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhex-4-enoic acid (4-ene impurity), of pregabalin. By a thorough experimental study on the different isolation techniques available, it was concluded that SMB was the most cost-effective. Hence, it was a continuous chromatography that utilized the advantage of SMB so that a high quantity of the impurity was generated in a short period of time. SMB was equipped with eight reversed-phased columns and was used to separate the process impurity of pregabalin. The effects of flow rate in zone 2 (Q2) and 3 (Q3), as well as switching time, on the operating performance parameters like purity, productivity, and desorbent consumption were studied. Operating conditions leading to more than 90% purity in the raffinate outlet stream were identified, together with those achieving optimal performance. All of these developed methods are novel, cost-effective, and can be applied to the isolation of other process- and stability-related impurities of pregabalin.