三峡工程对库区重庆段钉螺生长条件影响研究

目的了解三峡工程建成以后,库区气候、植被、淹没等条件变化对钉螺孳生的可能影响。方法利用ArcGIS软件的空间分析功能,结合气象资料及重点研究区1:1万和库区重庆段1:5万数字高程模型(DEM)就阶段性淹没区的气候条件、淹没时间、淹没区植被情况以及阶段性淹没可能对钉螺生长的影响进行综合分析。结果三峡库区淹没时间、气温、降水、日照时间、植被种类及覆盖度均适合钉螺,但其冬季蓄水、夏季放水的特点对钉螺的生长不利。结论三峡库区形成的"冬水夏陆"的洲滩环境不适于钉螺孳生,如能从源头上控制钉螺的外来输入问题,库区可避免成为钉螺孽生区。     

Kinetic Slip Boundary Condition for Isothermal Rarefied Gas Flows Through Static Non-Planar Geometries Based on the Regularized Lattice-Boltzmann Method

The simulation of rarefied gas flows through complex porous media is challenging due to the tortuous flow pathways inherent to such structures. The Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been identified as a promising avenue to solve flows through complex geometries due to the simplicity of its scheme and its high parallel computational efficiency. It has been proposed to model the stress-strain relationship with the extended Navier-Stokes equations rather than attempting to directly solve the Boltzmann equation. However, a regularization technique is required to filter out non-resolved higher-order components with a low-order velocity scheme. Although slip boundary conditions (BCs) have been proposed for the non-regularized multiple relaxation time LBM (MRT-LBM) for planar geometries, previous slip BCs have never been verified extensively with the regularization technique. In this work, following an extensive literature review on the imposition of slip BCs for rarefied flows with the LBM, it is proven that earlier values for kinetic parameters developed to impose slip BCs are inaccurate for the regularized MRT-LBM and differ between the D2Q9 and D3Q15 schemes. The error was eliminated for planar flows and good agreement between analytical solutions for arrays of cylinders and spheres was found with a wide range of Knudsen numbers.     

反复肺部感染儿童的肠道状况研究

目的：比较反复肺部感染儿童和健康儿童的肠道状况。方法选取2013年1月至2015年4月于我院接受治疗的300例反复肺部感染儿童作为观察组,同期入院检查的300例正常儿童作为对照组。取两组儿童1 g粪便进行肠道菌群检验,比较两组儿童双歧杆菌、肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、拟杆菌、肠球菌以及酵母菌的数量对数值;计算并比较双歧杆菌与肠杆菌比值(B/E);检验并比较两组儿童血浆内毒素、二胺氧化酶、血浆D-乳酸、黏液蛋白以及免疫球蛋白A (SIgA)的含量;比较两组儿童肠道病毒阳性情况、肠黏膜通透性发生情况。结果观察组儿童肠道菌群数量对数值中,双歧杆菌(7.10±0.59)、肠杆菌(7.86±0.47)、乳酸杆菌(5.17±1.01)、拟杆菌(4.19±1.01)、肠球菌(6.12±0.87)、酵母菌(4.12±1.08),对照组儿童双歧杆菌（9.56±0.82）、肠杆菌(4.17±0.54)、乳酸杆菌(8.01±1.05)、拟杆菌(8.14±0.93)、肠球菌(9.41±0.71)、酵母菌(7.71±0.84),观察组B/E值为0.90,对照组B/E值为2.29,两组数据比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组儿童血浆内毒素为(0.06±0.02) EU/mL、二胺氧化酶(1.84±0.45) U/mL、血浆D-乳酸(3.70±0.72)μg/mL、黏液蛋白(247.41±80.10)μg/g、SIgA含量(395.85±108.42)μg/g,对照组儿童血浆内毒素为(0.003±0.001) EU/mL、二胺氧化酶(0.83±0.21) U/mL、血浆D-乳酸(1.92±0.68)μg/mL、黏液蛋白(310.62±76.54)μg/g、SIgA含量(516.91±110.27)μg/g,两组数据比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组儿童病毒阳性104例(34.7%)、肠黏膜通透性增强187例(62.3%),对照组病毒阳性7例（2.3%）、肠黏膜通透性增强4例(1.3%),两组数据比较差异均具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论反复肺部感染儿童肠道菌群更易失调,肠道免疫屏障和肠黏膜易受到损伤,肠道状况较差。     

两种品系大鼠（SD和Wistar）在经典条件反射和操作式条件反射中的行为学表现

【摘要】 目的 探讨SD、Wistar两种品系大鼠在经典条件反射和操作式条件反射中行为学表现差异,为研究脑的高级功能建立稳定的条件反射动物模型提供实验动物选择依据。方法 选择8周龄的正常SD和Wistar大鼠,分别进行奖赏训练、单次操作训练、连续多次操作训练三种检测模式,研究SD、Wistar大鼠学习记忆能力。结果 奖赏训练中,SD大鼠的鼻触次数显著性增多（vs. Wistar, p<0.05）;单次操作训练中,与SD大鼠比较,Wistar大鼠的总踏板次数（LPs）、比率（cLP/LP）显著升高（p<0.05）,总鼻触次数（NPs）于第5天有显著性差异,踏板潜伏期明显降低（p<0.05）,踏板速率则显著性的升高（p<0.05)。连续多次操作训练中,Wistar大鼠鼻触次数显著性升高（p<0.05）,踏板次数、奖赏次数均增多,反应准确率也高于SD大鼠,但组间差异无显著性（p>0.05）。结论 奖赏条件反射阶段SD大鼠的行为学表现优于Wistar大鼠;而在奖赏操作条件反射阶段Wistar大鼠的表现优于SD大鼠。     

实时细胞分析法建立小肠上皮细胞生长实验模型

目的利用实时细胞分析仪,并以表皮生长因子(EGF)为促进细胞生长的工具药,观察EGF在不同培养条件下对细胞生长的影响,为建立IEC-6细胞生长(增殖)药理实验模型提供参考。方法以1×10~4/孔的密度将细胞接种于E-Plate 16板,并以含10%血清DMEM培养24 h,换成无血清DMEM培养(即血清饥饿)20 h后,观察不同培养条件对细胞生长的影响及EGF的药效。结果 (1)10%血清时,EGF组(1、10、100μg·L^-1)给药24、48、72 h后,细胞生长指数与空白组比较均P>0.05,提示含10%血清培养不能反映EGF的药效;(2)0%血清时,EGF(1、10μg·L^-1)对无血清培养所致的细胞生长抑制有改善作用,但不能使其恢复正常水平(给药24、48、72 h后,EGF组与5%血清空白组比较均P<0.01),提示无血清培养不能反映EGF的药效;(3)0%、0.5%、1%血清可对细胞生长产生不同影响,其中0.5%血清既不会对细胞生长产生明显抑制,也不会由于促进细胞生长时间较长而不利于反映EGF药效;(4)0.5%血清时,EGF各剂量组给药24、48、72 h后,均能促进细胞生长(细胞指数与空白组比较均P<0.01),提示0.5%血清培养条件下可较好反映EGF药效;(5)重复验证了0.5%血清时EGF(10μg·L^-1)促进细胞生长的药效。结论在实时细胞分析仪建立IEC-6细胞生长(增殖)药理实验模型的参考方案:细胞以含10%血清DMEM培养24 h,再以无血清DMEM培养(即血清饥饿)20 h,然后加受试药,并以含0.5%血清培养48~72 h,可观察其对细胞生长(增殖)影响的药效。     

Effect of Storage Conditions and Activation on Growth Factor Concentration in Platelet-Rich Plasma

This study aimed to evaluate growth factor concentration in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (leukocyte-rich PRP) based on storage temperature, duration of storage, and method of activation. PRP samples were stored at 24℃ (room temperature group), 4℃ (refrigerator group), and −70℃ (deep-freezer group). In each temperature, four aliquots were prepared based on the time of analysis (immediately, 1, 3, and 7 days after preparation). After storage, concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and fibroblast growth factor-basic (FGF-B) were assessed with/without activation using Quantikine colorimetric sandwich immunoassay kits. PRP was activated with 10% Triton-X for PDGF-AA, VEGF, FGF-B, IGF-1 measurement and sonication for TGF-β1 measurement. Without activation, PDGF-AA concentration was highest on day 7 in the room temperature group. With activation, the concentration of PDGF-AA was constant over the observation period at all temperatures. Without activation, the TGF-β1 concentration remained negligible over the observation period at all temperatures. However, with activation, TGF-β1 gradually increased to its highest concentration on day 7 at all temperatures. Over the observation period, VEGF and IGF-1 concentrations were constant with and without activation at all temperatures. Without activation, FGF-B concentration increased, with the highest concentration observed on day 7 in the deep-freezer group. With activation, FGF-B concentration decreased after day 1 in the room temperature group. Growth factor concentration in PRP differed significantly based on storage temperature, duration of storage, and method of activation. Appropriate storage conditions and activation are important to optimize its effects on desired clinical outcomes. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:777-784, 2020