不同外植体和激素组合对盾叶薯蓣组织培养的影响

目的探讨盾叶薯蓣组织培养的最佳外植体和激素组合。方法采用盾叶薯蓣茎段、叶为外植体 ,接种于不同激素组合的培养基上 ,观察比较培养情况。结果最佳外植体为腋芽萌发而来的无菌枝条切段 ,诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS +BA 1 .5mg·L-1+NAA 0 .5mg·L-1,不定芽分化的培养基为LS +BA1 .5mg·L-1,诱导生根的培养基为 1 2MS+NAA 1 .0mg·L-1。结论外植体的选择是盾叶薯蓣组织培养成功与否的关键所在     

人表皮细胞体外原代培养生长特性及临床应用初步报告

本文报告用组织块培养法观察25例表皮标本的培养结果,培养物几乎全是上皮细胞,在一定的时期内呈指数增长,其群体倍增时间为3.8±0.3天。以透折膜为载体,用培养的异体表皮膜片,移植于二例烧伤病人创面,经过半年的追踪观察所植皮膜片生长良好。     

Removing a Well-Fixed Nonmodular Large-Bearing Cementless Acetabular Component : A Simple Modification of an Existing Removal Device

Removing well-fixed cementless acetabular components while minimizing bone loss has been facilitated by the use of a removal device featuring sharp curved gouges, specific to the outside diameter of the existing acetabular shell, mated to a femoral head designed to sit inside the acetabular liner. Nonmodular acetabular components with inner bearing diameters greater than 36 mm are to date not accommodated by femoral head sizes in this system. A simple modification, placement of a bipolar head matching the inner diameter of the fixed shell, allows use of this removal device for nonmodular shells.     

Removal of the well-fixed hip resurfacing acetabular component: a simple, bone preserving technique

Removal of the acetabular component of a hip resurfacing prosthesis is occasionally necessary for infection, malposition, metal sensitivity, wear, or as a necessary part of a femoral revision. Extraction of a well-fixed acetabular component can be technically demanding as it is often extremely well integrated into host bone and can result in catastrophic bone loss or fracture. We present an undescribed, simple technique that enables use of the Explant system (Zimmer, Warsaw, Ind) to remove the component with minimal bone loss and reduce fracture risk. Bone stock is therefore preserved for subsequent cup reimplantation.     

肉苁蓉不同外植体愈伤组织诱导比较

肉苁蓉不同外植体花器、肉质茎、幼芽、鳞片等愈伤组织诱导比较结果表明：子房、茎块的愈伤组织诱导率高、时间短、且愈伤组织的质地较好。愈伤组织的增殖继代培养的初步研究表明：以B5为在本培养基,附加1mg/L IBA和2mg/L 6-BA效果较好。     

Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus induces rapid necrosis and delayed apoptosis in myelinated mouse cerebellar explant cultures

Infection with the Daniel strain of Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis (TMEV-DA) virus induces persistent demyelinating lesions in mice and serves as a model for multiple sclerosis. During the acute phase of the disease, however, viral infection leads to cell death in vivo. Viral-induced death may result directly from viral infection of neural cells, or indirectly, by activation of the immune system. To examine the direct effects of TMEV infection on neural cells, myelinated explant cultures of the murine cerebellum were infected with 10⁵ pfu of TMEV-DA for periods ranging from 1 to 72 h. Our results indicate that TMEV-DA replicates in cultured neural tissue. Initially, viral antigen is localized to a few isolated neural cells. However, within 72 h antigen was observed in multiple foci that included damaged cells and extracellular debris. Viral infection led to a rapid and cyclical induction of necrosis with a time period that was consistent with the lytic phase of the viral life-cycle. Simultaneously, we observed an increase in apoptosis 48 h post-infection. Electron micrographic analysis indicated that viral-infected cultures contained cells with fragmented nuclei and condensed cytoplasm, characteristic of apoptosis. The localization of apoptosis to the cerebellar granule cell layer, identified these cells as presumptive granule neurons. Viral infection, however, did not lead to myelin damage, though damaged axons were visible in TMEV-infected cultures. These results suggest that during the acute phase of infection, TMEV targets neural cells for apoptosis without directly disrupting myelin. Myelin damage may therefore result from the activation of the immune system.     

植块法在成骨细胞培养中的应用

目的：探讨植块法培养成骨细胞的可行性。方法：取10例先天性脊柱侧凸患者髂骨松质骨，应用植块法分离培养成骨细胞。培养过程中观察细胞形态学变化，并用碱性磷酸酶染色、RT-PCR检测Ⅰ型胶原和骨钙素表达、骨钙素免疫荧光检测、钙结节观察等方法对培养细胞进行鉴定。结果：应用植块法培养获得了较多的原代细胞，光镜下呈典型的成骨细胞形态，碱性磷酸酶染色、Ⅰ型胶原和骨钙素表达及钙结节形成等观察结果均证实所培养细胞表现成骨细胞特性。结论：植块法成骨细胞培养体系方法简单，在获得大量原代成骨细胞的同时，较好地保持了其生物学特征，是一种较理想的人成骨细胞培养方法。     

Extraction forces and tissue changes during explant of CWRU-type intramuscular electrodes from rat gastrocnemius

Intramuscular electrodes are currently in use for clinically implementing several electrotherapeutic and neuroprosthetic protocols. A decrease in motor recruitment is often reported in these systems due to movement of the electrode tip from the initial implant site. In the study reported here, multistrand intramuscular electrodes of the CWRU design were implanted aseptically in the gastrocnemii of adult rats under anesthesia. These electrodes were explanted immediately after implant in one group and after periods of 1 and 4 hr; 1, 3, and 5 days; 1 week; 10 days; and 2 and 4 weeks in others. Force as a function of displacement was recorded during explantation. Analysis of the results showed that there was a significant increase in the force required to dislodge the electrode tip between 5 and 7 days of implant. Electrodes seemed to be vulnerable to movement in the first 5 days when the barb provided the only fixation. Histology of muscles from which electrodes had been explanted did not show any increase in the area of tissue changes, compared with control muscles in which the electrode remainedin situ. These results indicated that electrode removal occurred within the encapsulation tissues, and the surrounding muscle was mainly unaffected by the explant process.     

Neurotrophin-4 selectively promotes survival of striatal neurons in organotypic slice culture

The neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4) provide trophic support to subpopulations of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. We examined organotypic slices of neonatal mouse striatum maintained in medium supplemented with neurotrophins or with CNTF to determine which of these factors influence the survivability of striatal neurons. Neuron counts at the end of the culture period revealed that NT-4 was the only factor that had a significant effect on neuronal survival, suggesting that NT-4 is a trophic factor for striatal neurons in organotypic slices.