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21.
Salutario Martinez M.D. Carlisle L. Morgan Ph.D. M.D. John A. Gehweiler Jr. MD. Barry Powers M.D. Michael D. Miller M.D. 《Skeletal radiology》1979,3(4):206-212
Seven percent of 400 patients with cervical spine fractures and/or dislocations had unusual lesions of the axis. The authors have analyzed axis injuries by review of radiographs and clinical data and have derived a classification of traumatic conditions. Uncommon traumatic axis abnormalities are discussed with reference to incidence, causes, clinical findings, mechanism of injury, and roentgen characteristics.Picker Scholar, James Picker Foundation 相似文献
22.
固体光气法合成洛莫司汀 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以固体光气(三光气)为起始原料,经过在无水甲苯溶液中与环己胺反应生成环己基异氰酸酯,再经与氨基乙醇和氯化亚砜的一锅法反应生成1-(2-氯乙基)—3—环己基脲(氯化物),最后再亚硝化,即得洛莫司汀。原料易得,各步反应条件温和,操作方便,步骤比文献方法(4步)减少一步,总收率由文献方法的23.7%提高为49.8%,适于工业规模制备。 相似文献
23.
茎突CT薄层冠状扫描在诊断茎突过长综合征中的价值 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
目的 探讨“一点一线垂直法”茎突CT薄层冠状扫描在诊断茎突过长中的价值。方法测量72例双侧茎突的长度、方位、形态、厚度、尖端与咽侧壁距离,总结茎突过长病人的临床症状与诊断。 结果 ①41例67侧长度超过3.0cm,符合茎突过长的诊断;②12例12侧茎突虽未超过3.0cm(均在2.5~2.9cm),且茎突方位角>20°、末端与咽侧壁的距离<20mm,并有临床症状的应考虑茎突过长综合征;③按茎突的形态进行分型:锥型(分直锥、弧锥),束状型,分节型,发育不良型。其中分节型与临床症状有密切关系。结论 ①茎突CT薄层冠状扫描能清晰显示茎突的长度、形态、厚度、末端与咽侧壁距离,是诊断茎突过长的一种可靠方法;②“一点一线垂直法”茎突CT薄层冠状扫描无需进行图像重建,可操作性强、简捷易行、便于推广。 相似文献
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25.
枕下经颈-颈静脉突入路达颈静脉孔区的显微解剖研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的 研究一期切除颈静脉孔区复杂性肿瘤的微创手术人路。方法 选择经10%福尔马林固定成人头颈标本10具,显微镜下模拟枕下经颈一颈静脉突人路的手术操作,逐层显露颈静脉孔区,研究该区显微解剖特征及显露范围。结果 该人路直接沿乙状窦、颈内静脉的移行方向显露颈静脉孔区结构,其中后颅窝可经枕下显露,颞下窝藉寰椎与下颌升支间的自然间隙显露。通过切除颈静脉突和迷路下骨质分别自后、外、下和上方显露颈静脉孔。头侧直肌是界定颞下窝结构和枕下三角内结构的确切标志。后组颅神经,交感千和颈内动、静脉行于其前方,椎动脉寰椎上段及其周围的静脉丛行于其后方。结论 枕下经颈一颈静脉突人路可自多个方向充分显露颈静脉孔区结构,且可保护面神经、迷路、耳蜗和椎动脉等结构免受不必要的损伤。 相似文献
26.
27.
目的:观察犬双侧上颌骨前牵引的不同时期眶下神经组织学结构的改变,探讨其对眶下神经的影响。方法:选12周龄杂种犬13只为实验对象,实验组12只,用特制牵引器进行上颌骨前牵引;对照组1只,未配戴牵引器。牵引过程包括15d牵引期和20d固定期,牵引力为800g。于术后不同时间点分组处死动物,取双侧眶下神经,制成常规切片,光镜下观察不同时期的神经组织形态。结果:随着牵引的进行,上颌骨明显前移,眶下神经出现明显病理变化,牵引结束时神经损伤最严重;固定期神经出现修复性变化。结论:双侧上颌骨前牵引对眶下神经可产生一定的损伤,但这种损伤是暂时的、可逆的,随着时间的延长,神经的形态结构可恢复正常。 相似文献
28.
Robotic milling has broad application prospects in many processing fields. However, the milling performance of a robot in a certain posture, such as in face milling or grooving tasks, is extremely sensitive to process parameters due to the influence of the serial structure of the robot system. Improper process parameters are prone to produce machining defects such as low surface quality. These deficiencies substantially decrease the further application development of robotic milling. Therefore, this paper selected a certain posture and carried out the robotic flat-end milling experiments on a 7075-T651 high-strength aeronautical aluminum alloy under dry conditions. Milling load, surface quality and vibration were selected to assess the influence of process parameters like milling depth, spindle speed and feed rate on the milling performance. Most notably, the contribution ratio based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was introduced to statistically investigate the relation between parameters and milling performance. The obtained results show that milling depth is highly significant in milling load, which had a contribution ratio of 69.25%. Milling depth is also highly significant in vibration, which had a contribution ratio of 51.41% in the X direction, 41.42% in the Y direction and 75.97% in the Z direction. Moreover, the spindle speed is highly significant in surface roughness, which had a contribution ratio of 48.02%. This present study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of key process parameters on robotic milling performance, which helps to select reasonable milling parameters and improve the milling performance of the robot system. It is beneficial to give full play to the advantages of robots and present more possibilities of robot applications in machining and manufacturing. 相似文献
29.
Aluminum alloy is widely used in automobile parts because of its light weight and good process performance. In view of the complex structure of aluminum alloy automobile rear upper control arms, multiple forming processes and the difficulty in quality control, in this paper, we propose a rolling-forging composite process to produce a rear upper control arm. Based on the reasonable volume distribution of the blank by cross-wedge rolling, multi-step forging was carried out. Finite element simulation of thermomechanically coupled multi-step forming was carried out using DEFORM software. Based on a comparison of the traditional process and the proposed rolling-forging composite forming process, we concluded that the rolling-forging composite process can greatly reduce the material cost and the forming force, resulting in superior product performance. The coarse-grain structure of products at different process temperatures was analyzed by a crystal-phase experiment. The results show that the process temperature of the multi-step process, as well as the heat treatment temperature and time have an important influence on the coarse-grain structure of the product. The optimal preheating temperatures for preforging and final forging dies were determined to be 335 °C and 350 °C, respectively; a preheating temperature of 530 °C and a solution time of 45 min resulted in the least coarse-grain surface structure. The research results provide a theoretical basis for improving the multi-step forming quality of automobile rear upper control arms. 相似文献
30.
Jessica Mazzone Krysta Shannon Richard Rovelli Racha Kabbani Angel Amaral Neil Gilchrist 《Hospital pharmacy》2022,57(2):205
The second wave of COVID-19 emerged in the late fall months in the state of Massachusetts and inadvertently caused a rise in the number of cases requiring hospitalization. With a field hospital previously opened in central Massachusetts during the Spring of 2020, the governor decided to reimplement the field hospital. Although operations were effectively accomplished during the first wave, the reimplementation of the field hospital came with its new set of challenges for operating a satellite pharmacy. Experiences gathered include new pharmacy operation workflows, the clinical role of pharmacy services, introduction of remdesivir treatment, and pharmacy involvement in newly diagnosed diabetes patients requiring insulin teaching. Pharmacy services were successful in adapting to the rapidly growing number in patients with a total of over 600 patients served in a course of 2 months. 相似文献