湖北省阳新县监测点慢性血吸虫病家庭负担和经济负担评价

目的 了解慢性血吸虫病家庭负担和经济负担.方法 收集2006年湖北省阳新县监测点226例慢性血吸虫病确诊病例的有关资料,并对其中219例愿意配合的患者进行问卷调查.采用家庭负担量表(FBS)评价其家庭负担.直接经济负担由现场调查获得,间接经济负担采用健康寿命损失年(YLD)与人力资本法相结合估计.结果 调查发现,FBS量表的家庭经济负担和家庭娱乐活动2个维度的阳性回答率较高,分别为54.8%和47.0%.其他4个维度的阳性同答率较低,均低于40.0%.219例慢性血吸虫病患者当年经济损失总计353 480.59元,人均1614.07元;其中直接经济损失为61 679元,人均281.64元;间接经济损失为291 801.59元,占总负担的82.55%,人均1332.43元.结论 慢性血吸虫病的家庭负担较重,其经济负担相对于当地居民的家庭年纯收入水平较重,尤以间接经济负担为主,应作为重点干预对象.     

2007年三峡库区人群日本血吸虫病血清流行病学研究

目的 掌握三峡库区当地人群抗日本血吸虫特异性抗体的分布特征和影响因素.方法 选择三峡库区中段6个区县的当地居民为研究对象,用统一的调查表进行个案调查,采集2～3mL静脉血,检测人群血吸虫特异性抗体(IgG).结果 本次调查3 003人,人群血吸虫抗体水平几何平均数(OD均值)为0.017 2,抗体阳性率为0.87%(26/3 003).男OD均值为0.015 9,女为0.018 3,性别间差异有统计学意义(F=4.449,P<0.05);男抗体阳性率为0.70%,女0.99%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.688,P>0.05).70岁以上组OD均值最高(0.024 5),50～59岁组滴度最低(0.014 6),各年龄组OD均值差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.56,P<0.05),呈正相关(R=0.043,P<0.05);年龄组间抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2>=9.553,P>0.05).农民和学生OD均值分别为0.017 7和0.016 1,职业人群间差异无统计学意义(F=1.115,P>0.05).初中和文盲OD均值较高,分别为0.018 5和0.017 3,学历人群间差异无统计学意义(F=0.760,P>0.05).不同收入人群OD均值差异有统计学意义(χ2>=3.262,P<0.05),明显相关(R=0.046,P<0.05),低收入者(<3 000元)与高收入者(≥3 000元)差异有统计学意义(χ2>=1.528,P<0.05).耕种方式不同人群OD均值差异有统计学意义(χ2>=288.58,P<0.05),牛耕者显著高于机耕者和人耕人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).饮用水不同人群OD均值差异有统计学意义(χ2>=404.07,P<0.05),饮用河沟水者OD均值显著高于饮用井水者和自来水者(P<0.05).抗体水平全频率分布曲线均呈"L"型,OD均值小于0.04者占64.97%,4、于0.08者占92.64%.结论 三峡库区人群日本血吸虫特异性抗体水平呈非流行区人群分布特征,人群存在血吸虫病发生和流行的高危行为因素.建议进一步健全三峡库区血吸虫病监测体系,针对重点人群开展健康教育,预防和控制血吸虫病在三峡库区发生和流行.     

Effect of Anluohuaxian Tablet Combined with y-IFN on Schistosomal Liver Fibrosis

The therapeutic effects of anluohuaxian tablet combined with γ-IFN on schistosomal liver fibrosis and its mechanism were studied in a murine model and clinical cases of schistosomal liver fibrosis.Fifty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group,infection control group,anluohuaxian tablet-treated group,γ-IFN-treated group and combined treatment (anluohuaian tablet+γ-IFN) group.Pathologic changes in liver,including hepatic pigmentation and the size of schistosomal egg granuloma,were observed by HE staining after treatment for 8 weeks.The expression of the type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen,and TIMP-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry.TGF-β1 mRNA expression was examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Sixty patients with schistosomal liver fibrosis were divided into treatment group and control group.The patients in treatment group were treated with anluohuaxian tablet in combination with γ-IFN for 6 months.Be-fore and after treatment,the changes of symptoms and signs,liver function,serum liver fibrosis in-dexes and imaging indexes were observed.The results showed that as compared with infection con-trol group,all forms of treatments relieved the hepatic pathological injury with apparently diminished size of schistosomal egg nodules and decreased percentage of pigmentation (P<0.05).Furthermore,the expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ,TIMP-Ⅰ,and TGF-β1 mRNA in combined treatment group was significantly decreased as compared with anluohuaxian tablet-treated and γ-IFN-treated groups (P<0.05).In the clinical observation,the serum liver fibrosis indexes,the portal vein width as well as the spleen thickness was significantly reduced in treatment group as compared with control group (P<0.05).It was concluded that the combined use of anluohuaxian tablet with γ-IFN in schistosomal liver fibrosis could protect liver function,alleviate liver fibrosis,and could be used as a choice in treating patients with schiatosomal liver fibrosis.     

Effect of Anluohuaxian Tablet Combined with γ-IFN on Schistosomal Liver Fibrosis

The therapeutic effects of anluohuaxian tablet combined with γ-IFN on schistosomal liver fibrosis and its mechanism were studied in a murine model and clinical cases of schistosomal liver fibrosis, Fifty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups： normal control group, infection control group, anluohuaxian tablet-treated group, γ-IFN-treated group and combined treatment （anluohuaian tablet＋γ-IFN） group. Pathologic changes in liver, including hepatic pigmentation and the size of schistosomal egg granuloma, were observed by HE staining after treatment for 8 weeks. The expression of the type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen, and TIMP-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. TGF-β1 mRNA expression was examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Sixty patients with schistosomal liver fibrosis were divided into treatment group and control group. The patients in treatment group were treated with anluohuaxian tablet in combination with γ-IFN for 6 months. Before and after treatment, the changes of symptoms and signs, liver function, serum liver fibrosis indexes and imaging indexes were observed. The results showed that as compared with infection control group, all forms of treatments relieved the hepatic pathological injury with apparently diminished size of schistosomal egg nodules and decreased percentage of pigmentation （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ, TIMP-1, and TGF-β1 mRNA in combined treatment group was significantly decreased as compared with anluohuaxian tablet-treated and γ-IFN-treated groups （P〈0.05）. In the clinical observation, the serum liver fibrosis indexes, the portal vein width as well as the spleen thickness was significantly reduced in treatment group as compared with control group （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the combined use of anluohuaxian tablet with γ-IFN in schistosomal liver fibrosis could protect liver function, alleviate liver fibrosis, and could be used as a choice in treating patients with schiatosomal liver fibrosis.     

单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30对血吸虫虫卵肉芽肿细胞凋亡的影响

目的：探索日本血吸虫单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30对血吸虫虫卵肉芽肿细胞凋亡的影响。方法：BALB／c小鼠随机两组，实验组腹腔注射 NP30主动免疫3次，对照组腹腔注射生理盐水，分别在尾蚴攻击感染后第39，49，64，108，112天处死，应用透射电镜观察肝虫卵肉芽肿细胞凋亡的形态改变，流式细胞术（FCM）和末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法（TUNEL）检测虫卵肉芽肿凋亡细胞。结果：透射电镜观察虫卵肉芽肿细胞有凋亡小体形成；经FCM和TUNEL检测实验组虫卵肉芽肿细胞凋亡明显多于对照组。结论：细胞凋亡在日本血吸虫虫卵肉芽肿的形成、细胞转化过程中起着重要作用。NP30抗病免疫作用的机制之一是促进虫卵肉芽肿细胞的凋亡。     

日本血吸虫病流行区人群细胞因子水平的初步研究

为了分析和比较日本血吸虫病流行区人群细胞因子应答水平的差异，提供血吸虫病流行区人群细胞免疫应答特征的基线资料。以鄱阳湖中的南山岛上３个毗邻的自然村为研究现场，根据粪检结果对试区１４－４１岁人群按年龄组随机抽样，选取粪检结果阴性的６５人，粪检阳性的６４人为研究对象。采用全血培养法，以血吸虫可溶性虫卵抗原及可溶性成虫粗抗原刺激研究对象的血细胞产生细胞因子，检测培养上清中细胞因子的水平。     

青蒿琥酯与吡喹酮联用对日本血吸虫不同感染度家兔的治疗效果

目的探讨青蒿琥酯和吡喹酮联用对日本血吸虫不同感染度家兔的治疗效果。方法实验分两次进行。实验一30只家兔分6组,第1、2、3组分别感染200、500、800条尾蚴,7d后灌服青蒿琥酯和吡喹酮;第4、5、6组亦分别感染200、500、800条尾蚴,为不服药对照组。实验二15只家兔分3组,每兔均感染血吸虫尾蚴800条。第1组为青蒿琥酯和吡喹酮联合用药组,第2组为单用青蒿琥酯组,第3组为不服药对照组。结果实验一服药组200条尾蚴感染组的减虫率和减雌率分别为96.28%和97.31%,800条感染组的减虫率和减雌率分别为72.64%和75.28%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。实验二联合用药组的减虫率和减雌率分别为93.25%和95.14%,单用青蒿琥酯组的减虫率为82.72%和84.07%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论联合应用青蒿琥酯和吡喹酮对轻感染兔的疗效优于重感染兔,在感染度相同的情况下,联合用药组的疗效优于单用青蒿琥酯组。     

胶体染料试纸条试剂盒在血吸虫病大规模筛查中的应用

目的进一步验证血吸虫病胶体染料试纸条试剂盒在现场应用的效能。方法选择江西鄱阳湖沿岸湖沼地区的一个血吸虫病流行村15~70岁的自然人群404人,采用尼龙绢集卵孵化法、胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、环卵沉淀试验(COPT)等方法同时进行检测。另选一非血吸虫病流行区中未曾去过血吸虫病流行区的健康体检者418人,也同样应用DDIA、ELISA和COPT进行检测。结果DDIA、ELSIA和COPT的敏感性分别为96.59%、92.05%和85.23%,对流行区非血吸虫病人的特异性分别为96.32%、90.37%和95.59%。与非血吸虫病流行区健康者的阴性符合率分别为98.09%、97.37%和98.80%。结论DDIA试剂盒快速、简便,具有较高的敏感性和特异性,适用于血吸虫病流行区现场对目标人群的大规模筛查。     

Laminaria Japonica Polysaccharides effectively inhibited the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro study

Aims

Laminaria Japonica Polysaccharides (LJP) is a kind of plant polysaccharide isolated from Laminaria Japonica Aresch. LJP has a variety of biological activity, including anti-tumor, improving immune function, anti-radiation and others. This study observed the biological activity of LJP in vitro and in vivo on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), and the possible anticancer mechanism was explored.