The Graz learning and training model for arthroscopic surgery

Summary Up to 30% of all operative procedures in orthopaedic surgery are performed arthroscopically. Because of the steadily increasing number of residents, it seems to be difficult both to maintain high standards and to guarantee an adequate training in arthroscopic surgery. However, in contrast to many other surgical techniques it is possible to learn and practice arthroscopy using artificial models and cadaver joints, provided that experienced surgeons and anatomists act as supervisors and instructors. The aim of this paper is to assess practice models and training programs which should guarantee sufficient practical experience during the training period.

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Modèle d'apprentissage et d'entraînement à la chirurgie sous arthroscopie

Résumé Jusqu'à 30% de toutes les techniques opératories en chirurgie orthopédique sont réalisées sous arthroscopie. En raison du nombre croissant de résidents, il semble difficile de maintenir à la fois le haut niveau de formation et de garantir un entraînement adéquat à la chirurgie sous arthroscopie. Toutefois, contrairement à de nombreuses autres techniques chirurgicales, il est possible d'apprendre à pratiquer l'arthroscopie en utilisant des modèles artificiels ou des articulations de cadavres, dans la mesure où des chirurgiens et des anatomistes expérimentés agissent comme enseignants et tuteurs. Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer les modèles pratiques et les programmes d'entraînement pouvant garantir une expérience pratique suffisante durant la période d'apprentissage.

     

社区老年人心理卫生保健模式分析研究

目的研究社区老年人的心理健康状况及其心理卫生保健模式。方法采用心理调查问卷并进行统计分析，结果社区老年人心理健康水平与全国成人相比存在明显差异。结论本研究顾示，社区老年人心理健康问题突出，对此提出相应心理卫生保健模式以期改善老年人心理健康状况。     

Encuesta nacional sobre valoración de la actividad de los médicos internos residentes en los servicios de urgencias españoles

Introduction

The care activity of internal resident doctors is common to practically all medical and surgical training programs; however, there are no national data available regarding the situation of this activity from the perspective of the resident. The present study has sought to collect the opinion of the resident internal physicians on the health care performance and the teaching character that links them to their corresponding emergency departments, in the following areas: overall training value, appreciation of the workload, characteristics of the morning rotation, supervision or tutoring, etc.

Computer science education for medical informaticians

The core curriculum in the education of medical informaticians remains a topic of concern and discussion. This paper reports on a survey of medical informaticians with Master's level credentials that asked about computer science (CS) topics or skills that they need in their employment. All subjects were graduates or "near-graduates" of a single medical informatics Master's program that they entered with widely varying educational backgrounds. The survey instrument was validated for face and content validity prior to use. All survey items were rated as having some degree of importance in the work of these professionals, with retrieval and analysis of data from databases, database design and web technologies deemed most important. Least important were networking skills and object-oriented design and concepts. These results are consistent with other work done in the field and suggest that strong emphasis on technical skills, particularly databases, data analysis, web technologies, computer programming and general computer science are part of the core curriculum for medical informatics.     

教师心理健康影响因素探微

目的 从微观层面探讨归因、自我效能感、教育观念、人格因素对教师心理健康的影响。方法 使用《教师心理健康问卷》和CPSQ人格问卷》进行问卷调查。结果 能力和努力归因对教师心理健康有正向的预测作用；任务难度和运气归因对教师心理健康有负向的预测作用。工作效能和创造效能对教师心理健康都有正向的预测作用。成功教育、挫折教育和主动探索的教育观念对教师的心理健康都是正向的预测作用。神经质分数低的教师出现心理问题的几率不大；趋向于外向、开放、随和以及尽职尽责的教师，心理健康水平较高。结论 归因、自我效能感、教育观念、人格因素对教师心理健康都有程度不同的影响。     

教育心理学和教学效益相关性的研究

本研究在罗马尼亚Oradea大学医药学院进行，始于1998年，结束于2003年。研究的出发点为该学院的学生们提出不少的教师，包括一些国内外知名的学者和医生，因缺乏教育心理学知识，不能很好地理解学生，组织教学和传授知识。因此，本研究设置了问卷调查，学院向教员开设了教育心理学课程(1998年10月～1999年7月)，与学生和教师座谈，统计并比较学生的考试成绩，特别地跟踪研究全国年度(1999年～2003年)医学证书汇考结果。研究结果客观地证实了教育心理学能够提高学习(工作)效益和成果，因为教育心理学知识使得教师(和医师)更好地与学生(或病人)沟通、理解和组织、合作。     

Implementation of HaemScreen, a workplace-based genetic screening program for hemochromatosis

There is debate as to whether community genetic screening for the mutation(s) causing hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) should be implemented, due to issues including disease penetrance, health economic outcomes, and concerns about community acceptance. Hemochromatosis is a common preventable iron overload disease, due in over 90% of cases to C282Y homozygosity in the HFE gene. We are, therefore, piloting C282Y screening to assess understanding of genetic information and screening acceptability in the workplace setting. In this program, HaemScreen, education was by oral or video presentation in a group setting. C282Y status was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and melt-curve analysis on DNA obtained by cheek-brush sampling. Of eligible participants, 5.8% (1.5-15.8%) attended information and screening sessions, of whom 97.7% (5571 individuals) chose to be tested. Twenty-two C282Y (1 : 253) homozygotes were identified and offered clinical follow-up. There were 638 heterozygotes (1 : 8.7). The determinants for participation have been analyzed in terms of the principles outlined in the Health Belief Model. Widespread screening for HH is readily accepted in a workplace setting, and a one-to-many education program is effective. The level of participation varies greatly and the advertizing and session logistics should be adapted to the specific features of each workplace.     

《心理发展与教育》三年论著引文统计分析

通过对<心理发展与教育)2004～2006年所发表论文的引文、语种、作者群、作者地区分布、发表论文作者机构、载文栏目等指标进行文献计量学分析,该刊三年共发表论文258篇.引文率99.61%,篇均15.25条.主要引文类型以期刊为主.占总引文量的94.71%,图书5.18%,自引率3.00%;作者合作论文222篇,合作率88.45%.作者地区分布主要在北京、广州、天津、重庆四个地区.其中北京居首,共发表173篇.栏目设置发文量最多的是认知与社会性发展119篇.论文多产机构为北京师范大学122篇.结果 表明:该刊论文作者人群众多、分布范围广、涉猎文献面广、研究课题引用文献比较高,专业人员利用新文献能力强、作者能紧跟本学科的研究发展方向.该刊是心理学领域具有权威性和代表性的刊物. 文率99.61%,篇均15.25条.主要引文类型以期刊为主.占总引文量的94.71%,图书5.18%,自引率3.00%;作者合作论文222篇,合作率88.45%.作者地区分布主要在北京、广州、天津、重庆四个地区.其中北京居首,共发表173篇.栏目设置发文量最多的是认知与社会性发展119篇.论文多产机构为北京师范大学122篇.结果 表明:该 论文作者人群众多、分布范围广、涉猎文献面广、研究课题引用文献比较高,专业人员利用新文献能力强、作者能紧跟本学科的研究发展方向.该刊是心理学领域具有权威性和代表性的刊物. 文率99.6