ERCP及EST的护理配合

目的探讨在经内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）、经内镜乳头括约肌切开（EST）及取石术治疗中的护理配合。方法做好术前心理护理,消除患者的恐惧和疑虑,术中熟练配合,加强术后并发症的观察和正确的健康指导。结果423例患者均行ERCP检查,403例插管成功,成功率95.3%,206例行EST治疗。结论内镜微创治疗,具有损伤小,疗效好的优点,加强护理对提高手术的安全性及成功起到了重要的作用。     

Expressed sequence tags and proteomics of antennae from the tortricid moth, Epiphyas postvittana

Genomic and proteomic analyses of the antennae of the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were undertaken to identify genes and proteins potentially involved in odorant and pheromone binding and turnover. An EST approach yielded 5739 sequences, comprising 808 contigs and 1545 singletons. InterPro and B last analyses revealed members of families implicated in odorant and pheromone binding (PBPs, GOBPs, ABPXs and CSPs) and turnover (CXEs, GSTs, CYPs). Of the three pheromone binding proteins (PBPs) identified, two were more highly expressed at the RNA and protein levels in adult male antennae (EpPBP1, EpPBP3), while a third was more highly expressed in female antennae (EpPBP2). To identify proteins involved in the detection of sex-specific signals, differential 2D gel electrophoresis (pH 5–8) followed by mass spectrometry was conducted on antennal proteins from males versus females. Identified male-biased proteins included a pheromone binding protein, a porin, a short chain dehydrogenase/reductase, and a member of the takeout family.     

总胆管结石的内镜下治疗（附596例临床分析）

目的 分析内镜下乳头括约肌切开（EST）及取石对总胆管结石的治疗作用。 方法 对596例各类型总胆管结石病人先行ERCP后,再采用EST、机械碎石、取石网篮或／和球囊取石、鼻胆管引流等方法治疗。 结果 EST成功率为97．8％（583／596例）,内镜取石总成功率为96．3％（574／596例）,并发症发生率为4．5％（26／583例）。 结论 内镜下治疗总胆管结石安全、有效、经济,并发症少,是目前治疗总胆管结石的理想方法。     

乌拉尔甘草EST资源的SSR信息分析

目的:为了在乌拉尔甘草中开发功能性EST-SSR分子标记,分析乌拉尔甘草EST-SSRs特征。方法:从NCBI公共数据库中下载乌拉尔甘草EST序列,运用DNAstar软件中的Seqman Pro程序,对下载序列进行拼接和聚类,去除冗余序列,利用SSRIT软件筛选重复序列长度≥20 bp的二、三、四、五核苷酸4种类型的SSR,统计分析乌拉尔甘草EST-SSR的特征。结果:从NCBI公共数据库中下载50666条乌拉尔甘草EST序列,剔除冗余序列,得到全长为9.28×106bp的无冗余EST序列11100条。在这些序列中搜索出752条EST序列含有963个SSR,占无冗余EST序列的8.68%,平均每9.64 kb EST出现1个SSR位点。二核苷酸重复基元SSR出现频率最高(43.41%),其次是三核苷酸(41.95%),AG/TC、GA/CT和CTT/GAA是二、三核苷酸中的优势重复基元。乌拉尔甘草EST-SSR以4～10次重复为主,基序长度主要集中于20～30bp。结论:乌拉尔甘草EST-SSR的出现频率高,重复类型丰富,理论上表明这些EST-SSR具有较高的可用性。本文通过对乌拉尔甘草EST资源的SSR信息的研究,为分子水平和生物信息学角度上开发乌拉尔甘草的SSR功能性标记提供了候选序列。     

EST+胆胰管引流治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎

目的 探讨内镜下乳头奥迪氏扩约肌切开(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST) 胆胰管引流技术在急性胆源性胰腺炎(acute biliary pancreatitis,ABP)诊治中的应用价值.方法 将入选的315例ABP患者随机分为EST治疗组(n=132)和非EST对照组(n=183),并根据APACHEⅡ评分,将每组再进一步分为重症组和轻症组.两组患者均给予中西医结合治疗.EST治疗组在入院后24 h内行ERCP(endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) EST,如发现胆管或胆胰共同通道有结石,则行网篮气囊取石或碎石器碎石取石,如结石多、结石直径大,结石难以一次取尽则急诊不强行取石术.如ERCP证实胰管狭窄或胰管有结石,则行胰管支架植入或鼻胰管引流.所有患者EST术后均行鼻胆管引流术(endoscopic naso-billiary drainage ENBD).结果 对重症ABP,EST治疗组的并发症发生率、转开腹手术率、住院天数及住院费用均明显低于非EST对照组(X12=7.12,X22=5.64,t1=2.57,t2=2.28,P＜0.05);而两组轻症之间无显著差异.结论 早期应用EST技术治疗ABP是可行的、有效的和安全的.     

内镜下逆行胰胆管造影加取石术诊治胆总管结石

目的:评价内镜下逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)同时行乳头括约肌切开术(EST)对胆总管结石的诊断与治疗价值.方法:回顾性分析98例经B超检查诊断为胆总管结石的患者,先行ERCP检查,再行内镜下EST治疗胆总管结石.结果:98例中ERCP准确诊断胆总管结石96例,怀疑胆总管结石1例,未发现异常1例,其确诊率为97.9%,96例EST后采取网篮取石、球囊取石和机械碎石网篮取石成功,1例失败.结论:ERCP对胆总管结石诊断价值较高.EST是一种治疗胆总管结石安全、有效、简便的方法.     

经内镜治疗胆总管结石64例分析

目的：观察经十二指肠镜乳头括约肌切开（ESF）取石的效果。方法：对64例胆总管结石患者进行经内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术，采用取石篮及碎石器碎石取石。结果：64例胆总管结石中有15例为多发结石，结石大小为5－25mm。59例患者有总管有不同程度的扩张。取石成功率为95．3％（61／64）。结论：经内镜十二指肠乳头切开取石创伤小，治愈率高，并发症少。     

Identification of putative crustacean neuropeptides using in silico analyses of publicly accessible expressed sequence tags

The development of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for crustacean cDNA libraries and their deposition in publicly accessible databases has generated a rich resource for peptide discovery in this commercially and ecologically important arthropod subphylum. Here, we have conducted in silico searches of these databases for unannotated ESTs encoding putative neuropeptide precursors using the BLAST program tblastn, and have predicted the mature forms of the peptides encoded by them. The primary strategy used was to query the database with known decapod prepro-hormone sequences or, in some instances, insect precursor protein sequences. For neuropeptides for which no prepro-hormones are known, the peptides themselves were used as queries. For those peptides expected to originate from a common precursor, the individual sequences were combined, with each peptide flanked by a dibasic processing site and, if amidated, a glycine residue. Using these approaches, 13 unannotated ESTs encoding putative neuropeptide precursors were found. For example, using the first strategy, putative Marsupenaeus japonicus prepro-hormones encoding B-type allatostatins, neuropeptide F (NPF), and orcokinins were identified. Similarly, several Homarus americanus ESTs encoding putative orcokinin precursors were found. In addition to the decapod prepro-hormones, ESTs putatively encoding a NPF isoform and a red pigment concentrating hormone-like peptide were identified from the cladoceran Daphnia magna, as was one EST putatively encoding multiple tachykinin-related peptides from the isopod Eurydice pulchra. Using the second strategy, we identified a Carcinus maenas EST encoding HIGSLYRamide, a peptide recently discovered via mass spectrometry from Cancer productus. Using mass spectral methods we confirmed that this peptide is also present in Carcinus maenas. Collectively over 50 novel crustacean peptides were predicted from the identified ESTs, providing a strong foundation for future investigations of the evolution, regulation and function of these and related molecules in this arthropod taxon.