青蒿素抗肿瘤作用的初步研究

目的 研究菊科植物黄花蒿的单体青蒿素(Artimisinine, ART)的抗肿瘤作用.方法 采用动物移植性肿瘤实验方法.结果 50 mg·kg-1 ART对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180的抑瘤率为37.88%;100 mg·kg-1 ART对小鼠移植性肝癌Heps实体瘤的抑瘤率为35.23%;ART对艾氏腹水癌EAC小鼠生命延长率无统计学意义.结论 ART具有良好的抗肿瘤作用.     

Antitumor Activity of the Methanol Extract of Hypericum hookerianum Stem Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Mice

A large number of plants belonging to the Hypericum family are known to possess strong antitumor properties. The methanol extract of H. hookerianum Wight and Arnott stem (MEHH) exhibited potent in vitro cytotoxic activity against various cancerous cell lines. In the present study, the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) standardized MEHH was tested for in vivo antitumor properties against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor bearing mice at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight doses given orally once daily for 14 days. The results indicate that administration of the extract not only increased the survival of animals with ascites tumor, decreased the body weight induced by the tumor burden, and reduced packed cell volume and viable tissue cell count, but also altered many hematological parameters changed during tumor progression, indicating the potent antitumor nature of the extract. Among the three doses tested, the 200 mg/kg body weight dose was found to be the most potent.     

Relationship of the facial nerve to the tympanic annulus: a direct anatomic examination.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of the facial nerve to the only identifiable surgical landmark in the external auditory canal. INSTITUTION: Community-based teaching hospital. STUDY DESIGN: Examination of formalin-fixed human temporal bones. BACKGROUND: The transcanal approach is often used in tympanoplasty, canaloplasty, hypotympanotomy, and removal of tumors of the external auditory canal (EAC), such as exostoses and osteomas. Surgery of the EAC places the facial nerve at risk for injury as the nerve courses vertically in the posterior canal wall. Few articles have described the relation of the facial nerve's course to the tympanic annulus, the only identifiable landmark in the EAC. This study is the first to document the relationship of the course of the facial nerve with respect to the tympanic annulus by direct anatomic measurement of the temporal bone. METHODS: Thirty-seven formalin-fixed cadaver temporal bones were studied after skeletonization of the facial nerve and tympanic annulus. RESULTS: The facial nerve coursed lateral to the plane of the annulus in 70% of specimens, always in the posteroinferior quadrant. The nerve also coursed anterior to a plane through the most posterior point of the annulus in 73.1% of specimens, also exclusively in the posteroinferior quadrant. The course of the nerve was quite variable with respect to the annulus. CONCLUSIONS: The facial nerve is most vulnerable to injury in the posteroinferior quadrant in transcanal surgery. The annulus is not a reliable landmark for the facial nerve. Anecdotal evidence is cited and recommendations are offered.     

半枝莲黄酮类有效部位体内抗肿瘤实验研究

目的:探讨半枝莲黄酮类有效部位(HSB-FEP)体内抗肿瘤活性。方法:先制备HSB-FEP;以S180、U14、EAC、Hep A实体瘤小鼠模型进行体内实验,评价HSB-FEP的200、50mg·kg-1对各实体瘤的生长抑制作用及对体重、抑瘤率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数等的影响。结果与结论:体内试验表明,与模型组比较,高剂量组能明显抑制S180、U14、EAC、Hep A实体瘤生长,平均抑制率分别为33.87%、39.89%、37.60%、46.29%,胸腺、脾指数显著升高。     

Haplotypes of the IL-1 gene cluster are associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett’s esophagus

Objectives

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) is a one of the major public health problem that can lead to reflux esophagitis (RE), Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The aim of our study was to determine the impact of IL-1 gene polymorphisms on the development of GERD, RE and BE.

Methods

Three hundred and thirty-three Czech patients with gastroesophageal reflux and 165 healthy controls were included in this case-control study. Four polymorphisms in the genes of the IL-1 cluster [IL-1A(-889C/T), IL-1B(−511C/T), IL-1B(+3953C/T), and IL-1RN(VNTR)] were analyzed.

Results

Significant differences were found in IL-1RN 1/2 genotype between patients with GERD/RE and controls and in IL-1B+3953 T allele between patients with BE and healthy subjects. In addition, complex analysis revealed differences in IL-1 haplotype frequencies between the groups. Specifically, the haplotype TCCL was significantly more frequent (p = 0.016) in GERD patients than in controls and the haplotype CCCL more frequent (p = 0.008) in RE patients than in controls. However, in patients with BE, frequency of haplotype TCTL was lower (p = 0.05) and haplotypes CTCL and TCCL were higher (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02) in comparison with the controls.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that IL-1 haplotypes may be associated with susceptibility to GERD, RE and BE.