聚集性新冠肺炎疫情期间某综合医院隔离留观病房运行分析与思考

2020年6月中旬,北京市新发地聚集性新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称新冠肺炎)疫情发生,首都医科大学大兴教学医院共确诊新冠肺炎患者65例。通过临时改建隔离留观病房,建立隔离留观病房工作机制与工作流程,探索适宜的会诊方法等措施,保障了隔离留观病房的平稳运行。通过总结、分析疫情期间患者就诊情况及诊治效果,认为聚集性疫情发生后患者的就诊行为有一定特点与规律性,隔离留观病房在新冠肺炎排查、诊治过程中发挥了重要作用。一旦发生新冠肺炎疫情,可根据具体情况设置、运行隔离留观病房。     

三甲医院高层次卫技人才队伍建设发展现状及对策研究

通过对某三甲医院高层次卫技人才的规模、构成、引培和流失进行统计分析,了解医院高层次卫技人才队伍建设现状和流动变化规律,为制定和完善医院高层次卫技人才队伍建设策略提供证据参考。结果显示,该院高层次卫技人才规模、构成均得到有效改善,高层次卫技人才流失情况在可控范围内,但也面临着高层次卫技人才总量相对不足、流失人才中辞职占比较大等问题。未来要继续推动"人才强院"战略,创新人才引培考核机制,完善人才培养体系和计划,建立科学的测评体系以及健全绩效评价机制和薪酬分配制度。     

艾滋病的流行情况和危险因素与预防进展

艾滋病疫情的特征是人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)特异性地攻击CD4⁺T淋巴细胞,导致患者出现各种机会性感染或肿瘤,从而造成获得性免疫缺陷功能障碍(AIDS)。当前我国的艾滋病疫情处于总体低流行状况,疫情地区分布差异大,性传播逐渐成为主要传播途径,艾滋病疫情上升速度有所减缓,但是流行因素依然存在。同时我国科研与卫生工作者针对我国的艾滋病做了大量的工作,譬如已经进行了大量的流行病调查与科研前期分析,开发了一些前期用药,了解了多数艾滋病高发地区的疫情状况,但是存在一定的不足。本文综述了艾滋病的流行情况,深入阐述了艾滋病的危险因素与传播方式,重点论述了艾滋病的预防进展,包括心理干预、夫妻支持和社会支持等,希望为艾滋病的早诊断、早治疗提供帮助。     

2011—2019年河南省疟疾疫情分析

目的 了解2011—2019年河南省疟疾疫情特征,为河南省消除疟疾后监测阶段疟疾防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2011—2019年河南省疟疾疫情资料及疟疾病例个案调查资料,采用描述流行病学方法对疟疾流行特征进行分析。结果 2011—2019年河南省共报告疟疾病例1836例,其中有1634例境外输入病例,15例境外输入性恶性疟病例死亡。境外输入病例来自非洲的有1545例（94.55%,1545/1634）,以恶性疟为主（81.10%,1253/1545）;东南亚88例（5.39%,88/1634）,以间日疟为主（84.09%,74/88）。1836例病例分布于全省18个市的128个县（市、区）,报告病例数位于前五的市有郑州市（651例）、洛阳市（256例）、濮阳市(151例)、南阳市（138例）和安阳市（95例）,占总病例数的70.32%。男性1738例,女性98例;病例主要集中于20~59 岁年龄组,占病例总数的93.74%（1721/1836）,职业以农民为主。病例分布具有一定的季节性,2011—2019年发病7 d内确诊率差异具有统计学意义（〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=61.854,P<0.01）。18个市在发病后3d和7d内的确诊率差异均具有统计学意义。结论 在全省进入消除后监测阶段,应继续严格按照“1-3-7”消除疟疾工作模式要求,完善消除后监测体系,以巩固来之不易的消除疟疾成果。     

中国疾控中心近五年研究生就业情况分析

目的 基于近5年（2016—2020届）中国疾控中心培养的研究生毕业、就业情况进行分析和研究,为我国公共卫生人才培养提供数据支持。方法 利用北京高校毕业生就业平台及资源管理系统毕业生数据,分析研究生毕业、就业情况和特点。结果 2016—2020年累计毕业生共计687人,其中定向生119人,占17.3%,非定向生568人,占82.7%;非定向毕业生总体就业率为93.2%,其中2016—2018年的就业率比较稳定,均为100%;考研或继续从事博士后工作人数比较平稳,共55人,占9.7%;出国仅占0.4%。非定向毕业生就业去向疾控中心、卫生监督中心和妇幼保健院等专业公共卫生机构的最多,占53.5%;其次医院等医疗卫生机构（占18.1%）、企业（占9.3%）。就业去向选择专业公共卫生机构的近几年来保持平稳,选择医院等医疗卫生机构有略微增长趋势。结论 可通过提升公共卫生机构吸引力、加大教育培训等措施为我国公共卫生机构输送高质量公共卫生人才,推动我国卫生健康工作的发展。     

Intrapancreatic course of the splenic artery with combined pancreatic anomalies

Summary In a 47-year-old male cadaver the splenic artery traveled partially through the substance of the pancreas. Additionally, the pancreas was apparently large and had an unusual shape; the neck of the organ could not be differentiated; the uncinate processus was absent; two pancreatic ducts were present. The probable reason for this combined anomaly was abnormal fusion of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds due to different levels of origin.

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Trajet intra-pancréatique de l'artère splénique associé à des anomalies pancréatiques

Résumé Sur le cadavre d'un homme de 47 ans, l'artère splénique présentait un trajet partiel à travers le pancréas. De plus, le pancréas paraissait volumineux et avait une forme inhabituelle, il n'était pas possible de différencier le col du pancréas, le processus uncinatus était absent, il y avait deux conduits pancréatiques. La raison probable de ces variations multiples se trouverait dans la fusion anormale des bourgeons pancréatiques dorsal et ventral en raison de leurs niveaux d'origine différents.

     

论数字化图书馆

数字化图书馆是 2 1世纪高速网络环境下图书馆发展的方向和主流。本文论述了数字化图书馆的概念、意义及其优越性 ,分析了当前我国数字图书馆发展存在的问题 ,并提出了我国数字图书馆建设的发展措施     

Genotype-phenotype correlations in RHOBTB2-associated neurodevelopmental disorders

PurposeMissense variants clustering in the BTB domain region of RHOBTB2 cause a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with early-onset seizures and severe intellectual disability.MethodsBy international collaboration, we assembled individuals with pathogenic RHOBTB2 variants and a variable spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. By western blotting, we investigated the consequences of missense variants in vitro.ResultsIn accordance with previous observations, de novo heterozygous missense variants in the BTB domain region led to a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy in 16 individuals. Now, we also identified de novo missense variants in the GTPase domain in 6 individuals with apparently more variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes with or without epilepsy. In contrast to variants in the BTB domain region, variants in the GTPase domain do not impair proteasomal degradation of RHOBTB2 in vitro, indicating different functional consequences. Furthermore, we observed biallelic splice-site and truncating variants in 9 families with variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes, indicating that complete loss of RHOBTB2 is pathogenic as well.ConclusionBy identifying genotype-phenotype correlations regarding location and consequences of de novo missense variants in RHOBTB2 and by identifying biallelic truncating variants, we further delineate and expand the molecular and clinical spectrum of RHOBTB2-related phenotypes, including both autosomal dominant and recessive neurodevelopmental disorders.     

全髋关节置换术治疗成人发育性髋关节发育不良的难点及处理策略

发育性髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of the hip, DDH）是成人继发性髋关节骨关节炎的最常见病因之一,早期干预不及时或治疗不当常引起髋关节严重畸形,晚期致残率较高。全髋关节置换术（total hip arthroplasty, THA）是治疗晚期成人DDH较有效的方法,但是由于髋臼和股骨近端解剖形态病理性异常使THA手术难度较大。本文就DDH的分型、手术难点及处理策略等结合近年来相关文献报道进行综述,以期为THA治疗成人DDH提供一定的理论依据。     

Bone island (enostosis): current concept — a review

An enostosis or bone island represents a focus of mature compact (cortical) bone within the cancellous bone (spongiosa). Thought by some to be a tumor-like condition and by others a hamartoma, this benign lesion is probably congenital or developmental in origin and reflects failure of resorption during endochondral ossification. A bone island can be virtually diagnosed based on its characteristic clinical and radiologic features. Typically asymptomatic, the lesion is usually an incidental finding, with a preference for the pelvis, femur, and other long bones, although it may be found anywhere in the skeleton, including the spine. Plain radiography reveals a homogeneously dense, sclerotic focus in the cancellous bone with distinctive radiating bony streaks (thorny radiation) that blend with the trabeculae of the host bone, creating a feathered or brush-like border. On CT scan, a bone island appears as a low-attenuation focus, and on MRI sequences it shows low signal intensity like cortical bone. A distinguishing feature of bone islands is that they are usually cold on skeletal scintigraphy. Thus, bone scan has been and continues to be the means of differentiating bone islands from the more aggressive entities. However, reports of histologically confirmed bone islands that were scintigraphically active have raised a note of caution about relying on this modality in the differential consideration of lesions otherwise characteristic of bone islands. Guides to the correct diagnosis should be looked for in the individual clinical situation and in the morphologic features of the lesion on plain radiography, CT, and MRI, without regard to the lesion's activity on bone scan. If such a lesion, however, is symptomatic and hot on scintigraphy, it demands close observation with follow-up imaging studies.