Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system vs. transcervical endometrial resection for dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the acceptability, efficacy, adverse effects, and user satisfaction of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE) for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. METHOD: Of 50 women with a pictoral blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score of 100 or greater, 25 had a LNG-IUS inserted (Mirena; Schering, Berlin, Germany) and 25 underwent TCRE. Procedure-related complications, PBAC score, hemoglobin levels, adverse effects, and rates of acceptability and satisfaction were recorded at 3-month intervals for a period of 12 months. RESULTS: At the end of 1 year there were a 97% and a 94% reduction in menstrual blood loss in the LNG-IUS and TCRE groups, respectively, and hemoglobin concentration had increased by 5.5% in the LNG-IUS group and 5.2% in the TCRE group. Adverse effects were similar in both groups except for systemic effects, which were seen only in the LNG-IUS group. Satisfaction rates were about 80% in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Both treatments were found to be equally effective but LNG-IUS placement requires less operator skill and entails no operative hazards, and the device provides effective contraception.     

迟发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血患儿血浆心钠素与低钠血症的关系

目的探讨迟发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血患儿心钠素(ANP)水平变化与低钠血症的关系及其临床意义。方法应用放射免疫分析技术检测108例颅内出血患儿不同病程的血浆ANP水平,同时检测血清钠的含量,选取25例健康同龄儿作为对照。结果(1)颅内出血急性期血浆ANP水平均高于对照组(P<0·05);昏迷组患儿ANP升高更明显(P<0·01);(2)颅内出血患儿血浆ANP与血清钠水平呈负相关(γ=-0·748,P<0·05)。结论(1)迟发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血患儿血浆ANP水平反映脑损伤严重程度;(2)ANP参与迟发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血患儿低钠血症的形成过程。     

药物流产后加服生化丸对缩短阴道出血时间的临床观察

目的:探讨生化丸缩短药物流产后阴道出血时间的疗效。方法:118例早孕妇女使用米非司酮及米索前列醇流产,观察组孕囊排出后加服生化丸。结果:两组完全流产率及药物流产后阴道流血时间有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:生化丸可提高完全流产率,缩短药物流产后阴道流血时间。     

剖宫产术中大出血35例分析

目的：讨论剖宫产术中大出血的原因及防治措施。方法：于1995年1月至2005年1月期间,共1986例剖宫产术中,大出血≥1000ml者35例(1.76％),对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：在输血输液的基础上,缝合子宫下段伤口断裂1例,止血有效；双手挤压子宫体和催产素20u子宫体注射34例,6例患者止血有效；Ⅰ号可吸收性肠线“8”字缝合子宫壁28例,23例患者止血有效；子宫动脉上行支结扎术5例,3例患者止血有效；子宫次全切除术2例止血均有效。结论：子宫收缩乏力是导致剖宫产术中大出血的首要原因。治疗应在促进子宫收缩、清理胎盘及胎膜、必要时结扎子宫动脉上行支、甚至行子宫切除术。     

安神调经针法治疗月经后期探析

心身疾病是当今医学亟待解决的课题.临床上大量月经后期的患者其发病与心理社会因素密切相关,属心身疾病的范畴.据此,笔者提出了月经调节的中医"心脑-肾气-天癸-冲任-胞宫轴"的新模式,并认为它与现代医学"大脑皮层-下丘脑-垂体-卵巢-子宫生殖轴"的神经内分泌调节系统极为相似.在此基础上创立了一套安神调经疗法.通过调整心脑功能,从而调节下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴,促进卵泡发育,治疗月经后期.并以此为突破点,为心身疾病引起的各种妇科病的针灸治疗提供了一种新方法、新思路.     

马齿苋配伍益母草治疗药物流产后阴道流血113例分析

目的:回顾性分析马齿苋配伍益母草(又称缩宫灵)在治疗药物流产(药流)后阴道流血的疗效.方法:门诊药流后阴道流血的妇女286例,将其分成3组:观察1组服缩宫灵,观察2组单服益母草;3组为对照组不加任何药物,比较3组阴道流血的情况.结果:观察1、2组完全流产率高于对照组,阴道流血量少于对照组,阴道流血时间短于对照组,有统计学差异(P＜0.01).观察1组阴道流血量及阴道流血时间与观察2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但两组完全流产率相近,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3组不良反应比较无差异(P＞0.05).结论:缩宫灵可减少药流后阴道流血量,缩短流血时间,不加重不良反应,提高药流成功率.     

小剂量阿司匹林诱发上消化道出血的临床分析

目的:总结口服小剂量阿司匹林(Aspirin,ASP)诱发上消化道出血的临床特点及防治对策。方法:调查同期非食道静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者380例(402例次),根据出血前是否正在服用ASP分为两组:ASP组38例(出血42例次)与非ASP组342例(出血364例次),回顾性分析两组间的临床特点。结果:ASP组上消化道出血患者,平均年龄(64.5±5.4)岁,高于非ASP组(43.5±16.5岁),胃溃疡和胃黏膜病变的发生比例(69.1%)高于非ASP组(26.70%)(P<0.01),57.1%的患者出血前有诱因。出血量、Hb两组间无差异,止血时间(平均3.7d)长于非ASP组(平均2.3d)(P<0.05)。结论:口服小剂量ASP是老年患者上消化道出血的主要原因之一,其中胃部病变发生比率较高,止血所需时间较长,口服ASP时加强胃粘膜的保护、控制诱因有望预防上消化道出血的发生。     

Embolization for gastrointestinal hemorrhages

Retrospective evaluation of interventional embolization therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage over a long-term observation period from 1989 to 1997. Included in the study were 35 patients (age range 18–89 years) with gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) referred for radiological intervention either primarily or following unsuccessful endoscopy or surgery. Sources of GI bleeding included gastric and duodenal ulcers (n = 7), diverticula (n = 3), erosion of the intestinal wall secondary to malignancy (n = 6), vascular malformations (n = 4), and hemorrhoids (n = 2), as well as from postoperative (n = 6), posttraumatic (n = 2), postinflammatory (n = 4) or unknown (n = 1) causes. Ethibloc (12 cases) or metal coils (14 cases) were predominantly used as embolisates. In addition, combinations of tissue adhesive and gelfoam particles and of coils and Ethibloc were used (six cases). Finally, polyvinyl alcohol particles, a coated stent, and an arterial wire dissection were utilized in one case each. Bleeding was stopped completely in 29 of 35 cases (83 %). In one case (3 %) the source of bleeding was recognized but the corresponding vessel could not be catheterized. In five other cases (14 %) there was partial success with reduced, though still persistent, bleeding. The rate of complications was 14 %, including four instances of intestinal ischemia with fatal outcome in the first years, and, later, one partial infarction of the spleen without serious consequences. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage can be controlled in a high percentage of patients, including the seriously ill and those who had previously undergone surgery, with the use of minimally invasive interventional techniques. The availability of minicoils instead of fluid embolization agents has reduced the risk of serious complications. Received: 21 June 1999; Revised: 24 August 1999; Accepted: 28 September 1999     

急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的动物模型制备研究

目的建立急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒迟发性脑病的动物模型,为其机制研究提供基础.方法体重240～280 g雄性SD大鼠,分次腹腔注射CO染毒制备模型,动态监测尾血碳氧血红蛋白(HbCO)浓度,确定染毒剂量和间隔 .分别于染毒后1、3、7、14、21 d取脑组织,常规制备石蜡病理切片,行HE、Luxol氏坚牢蓝焦油紫及Tunnel原位末端凋亡染色.结果染毒后,大鼠体内血液HbCO迅速升高,使用分次腹腔注射法,大鼠可维持长时间(＞16 h)高HbCO状态(HbCO＞50%) ;病理学检查显示染毒大鼠除急性脑损伤外,还在染毒1～2周后出现脑细胞凋亡、大脑白质脱髓鞘、大脑基底结区变性坏死等二次损伤改变,与临床病理学特点十分吻合.结论本研究建立了一种较为符合迟发性脑病临床特征的动物模型,该模型的建立将可为深入研究急性CO中毒致迟发性脑损伤的机制提供可靠基础.