The effect of encasings on quality of life in adult house dust mite allergic patients with rhinitis, asthma and/or atopic dermatitis

BACKGROUND: Environmental control has been put forward as an integral part of the management of house dust mite (HDM) allergy in sensitized patients. To validate this statement allergic disorders involved in HDM allergy--allergic asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS)--should be taken together and studied in terms of the efficacy of environmental control. Because a generic quality of life questionnaire exceeds the border of disease, this may be used as major outcome parameter. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of bedding encasings in HDM allergic patients with asthma, rhinitis and AEDS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 224 adult HDM allergic patients with rhinitis and/or asthma and/or dermatitis were randomly allocated impermeable or nonimpermeable encasings for mattress, pillow and duvet. Short form 36 (SF-36) was filled in at baseline and after 12 months. Results: Lower physical (P = 0.01) and emotional (P < 0.001) sumscores were seen in females. Also, the presence of asthma resulted in lower physical sumscore (P = 0.01). However, no effect was seen of encasings on either sumscore. CONCLUSION: Bedding encasings do not improve quality of life in a mixed population of subjects with combinations with rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis and sensitized to HDMs.     

Das Magengeschwür als energiebilanzproblem: Entwurf eines cellularen automaten zur simulation von verteilungsstörungen der magenwanddurchblutung

Zusammenfassung Ein cellularer Automat, der eine vereinfachte Abschätzung von Verteilungsmustern der Magendurchblutung erlaubt, wird beschrieben. Die auf der Basis des Energiebedarfs der Säuresekretion und der Morphologie der Magenstrombahn simulierbaren Umverteilungsphänomene stimmen in Form und Lage mit dem menschlichen Magengeschwür überein. Sonderfälle der peptischen' Läsion, wie das lineare Geschwür oder die peptische' Stenose der Speiseröhre, sind mit der Theorie des submucösen Steal-Phänomens zu vereinbaren.

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Gastric ulcer as a problem of energy balance: Design of a cellular automaton for simulation of disorders of blood flow distribution to the stomach wall

Summary A cellular automaton is described, which allows a simple simulation of patterns of gastric blood flow distribution. Effects of redistribution, which can be simulated on the basis of the energy requirements of acid secretion and the morphology of the gastric vascular bed, are isomorph to form and site of gastric ulcer in man. Special forms of the peptic lesion as linear ulcers or peptic stenoses of the oesophagus are consistent with the theory of a submucous steal-phenomenon.

Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Friedrich Stelzner zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet     

Road Traffic and Urban Form Factors Correlated with the Incidence of Lung Cancer in High-density Areas: An Ecological Study in Downtown Shanghai,China

The incidence of lung cancer is affected by air pollution, especially in high-density urban areas with heavy road traffic and dense urban form. Several studies have examined the direct relationship between lung cancer incidence and road traffic as well as urban form. However, the results are still inconsistent for high-density urban areas. This study focused on urban form and road traffic, aiming at revealing their relationship with lung cancer incidence in high-density urban areas at the neighborhood level. For this, an ecological study was conducted in downtown Shanghai to identify important indicators and explore quantitative associations. Negative binomial regression was fitted with lung cancer incidence as the dependent variable. The independent variables included indicators for road traffic and urban form, greenness, demographic, and socio-economic factors. The results showed that building coverage, averaged block perimeter area ratio, density of metro station without the glass barrier system, and the percentage of low-quality residential land were positively correlated with lung cancer incidence in the neighborhood, while population density was negatively correlated with lung cancer incidence. This study found a strong self-selection effect of socio-economic factors in the relationship between lung cancer incidence and greenness. These results may be useful for conducting health impact assessments and developing spatial planning interventions for respiratory health in high-density urban areas.     

基于Python编程实现编务工作整合的实践与思考

【目的】 探索期刊集约化发展新模式,解决编务工作流程繁琐、工作量大、高强度、单调机械重复劳动等问题,实现编务工作整合。【方法】 采用实地参观、现场交谈及电话访问等方式对38种医药学期刊编务工作进行调研,结合编务工作中实际操作层面的共性问题,设计作者信息数据表和打印模板,利用Python编程推进编务工作的有效整合。【结果】 基于作者填写的信息数据批量生成对接期刊合作银行、编辑部财务、快递公司等部门的信息表单,并根据编务个性化需求实现邮寄信息表单的自动打印功能。【结论】 期刊编辑部工作整合应充分发挥信息化在期刊发展中的赋能作用,编务工作应最大限度地集成优势、统筹共性事务,以保证整个出版工作的有效开展。     

五参平律汤合律平治疗早搏96例临床观察

目的：观察五参平律汤合心律平对早搏的临床疗效,探讨可能的作用机理,方法：在对症治疗的基础上,随机分成五参平律汤合心律平组（治疗组）,和单用心律平组（对照组）进行临床观察,结果：治疗组抗早搏总有效率为865,对照组为71．75,两组差异显著,P＜0．01。结论：五参平律汤合心律平治疗早搏明显优于单用心律平,可能机能为补心平律,活血通络,改善心肌营养,抑制异位节律及折返传导,是否同时具有抗心律平的致心律失常作用有待以后验证。     

基于网络药理学和16SrDNA测序的当归六黄汤合煎与单煎治疗阴虚甲亢作用的差异研究

目的 探讨当归六黄汤的抗阴虚甲亢作用,阐释传统汤剂合煎和单煎的差异。方法 运用网络药理学方法,筛选当归六黄汤的主要活性成分和治疗阴虚甲亢疾病的相关靶点,并对交集靶点进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（protein-protein interaction,PPI）网络分析、基因本体（gene ontology,GO）功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路富集分析,构建药材-成分-靶点-通路网络;进一步进行实验验证,构建阴虚甲亢大鼠模型,评价当归六黄汤合煎和单煎对阴虚甲亢大鼠体质量、粪便含水率及相关血清学指标的影响;利用16S rDNA测序技术,揭示合煎和单煎对大鼠肠道微生物群落多样性的影响。结果 筛选获得当归六黄汤方中102个活性成分,检索出与阴虚甲亢有关靶点116个。富集分析获得871条GO条目和158条KEGG相关条目（P<0.05）,其中生物过程（biological process,BP）675条、细胞组分（cellular component,CC）77条、分子功能（molecular fu...     

四君子汤非多糖功效组分的体外人源肠、肝微粒体代谢研究

目的 对四君子汤非多糖组分的主要活性成分进行人源肠、肝微粒体中的代谢过程研究,明确其在肠、肝中的代谢轮廓及代谢差异,为其临床应用提供科学证据。方法 应用Acquity UPLC I-class/VION IMS QTOF技术分析四君子汤非多糖组分中主要活性成分（异甘草苷、甘草素、甘草酸、甘草次酸、人参皂苷Rb₁、人参皂苷CK、白术内酯III）在人源肠、肝微粒体孵育体系下的代谢产物以及代谢转化途径。结果 甘草酸、甘草次酸在人源肠、肝微粒体中均以I相代谢为主;而甘草素、异甘草苷、人参皂苷Rb₁、人参皂苷CK则以肠II相代谢为主。白术内酯III在肠、肝微粒体中代谢均不显著,而四君子汤非多糖功效组分中其他化合物在肠微粒体中代谢速度均比在肝微粒体中更快。此外,甘草皂苷、人参皂苷主要进行脱糖基反应;异甘草苷以脱糖、羟基化等反应为主;甘草素则以葡萄糖醛酸结合为主;白术内酯III则主要发生水解、羟基化反应。结论 阐明了四君子汤非多糖组分中主要活性成分在人体肠道及肝脏中的代谢轮廓及代谢差异,为后续进行四君子汤非多糖功效组分的药效研究提供了数据支持,也为中药复方的功效组分研究提供了思路和策略。     

多巴胺对兔实验性形觉剥夺性近视形成的影响

目的　研究多巴胺对实验性近视形成的影响.方法　7日龄幼兔52只,分A,B,C,3组.A组20只,单纯缝合眼睑;B组16只,缝合眼睑+玻璃体内注射多巴胺;C组16只,缝合眼睑+玻璃体注射生理盐水.均以右眼为实验眼,左眼为对照眼.第60日用A超测量每组双眼的前房深度、晶体厚度、玻璃体腔长度和眼轴长度,并计算玻璃体腔长度／眼轴长度,同时进行病理学观察.结果　A,C两组中实验眼的玻璃体腔长度、眼轴长度和玻璃体腔长度／眼轴长度分别为(7.9±0.6)mm,(15.4±0.6)mm,0.52±0.03;(7.3±0.5)mm,(15.1±0.7)mm,0.49±0.02;对照眼则为(7.2±0.8)mm,(14.5±0.7)mm,0.48±0.02;(6.8±0.4)mm,(14.6±0.6)mm,0.46±0.02.两眼间的差异有高度显著的统计学意义(P<0.001),前房深度和晶体厚度无统计学差异,而B组均无统计学差异.巩膜胶原纤维在A,C两组中明显变细,而在B组中改变较轻.结论　形觉剥夺能导致眼球的轴性延长,玻璃体腔延长和VCL/AL增大是其形态学原因,巩膜纤维的变细、延长是其病理学原因之一,而多巴胺能部分阻止这些改变.     

始创药物及剂型研究

1 始创药物研究的意义和方向 药物是特殊产品.一是因为药品生产具有国际性和垄断性.创造出一种不可代替的新药,便可迅速占领全球市场.二是因为它是关系人民健康和生产力、战斗力强弱的极其重要的物资.一个国家的基本药物的供给、生产如果大部分掌握在外国人手里,则在和平时期,受到国际资本的盘剥,在战争或大灾害时期更要受制于人.因此,世界强国无不从战略的高度,从基础研究开始,独立自主地开发新药.十几年来,我国的新药研究、生产和供应面临严重的挑战.知识产权问题冲击了以仿制为主的原有制药工业,而过去创新研究又很薄弱,所以不得不引入外国技术和产品.由于它们与外国资本是两位一体的,所以经过几年的转轨,虽然解决了相当一部分药品的供应问题,但是由于我们自己没有独立创造的新型药物和制剂,所以我国的制药工业面临极大困境.如果长期处于让外国人创新,我们引进的状态,不仅在经济上损失极大,而且让外国技术和产品占领基本用药市场,遇有非常情况,便会被外国人卡住脖子.因此,有识之士呼吁支持始创药物研究,开发有始创性的药物,也去占领国际市场.应看到我们的新药研究仍然是跟踪国际上已经有的药物或已经有的基本结构.在目前拼实力、拼速度的时候,我们靠这种方式很难赶在人家的前面.始创药物研究必需有新思路和新方法.