盐酸戊乙奎醚对内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织Toll样受体4mRNA和Toll样受体2mRNA表达的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of penehyclidine (PHCD) on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)mRNA and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mRNA expression in the lung tissue in rats with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) .Methods Sixty healthy SD rats of both sexes weighing 200-220 g were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 12 each) :control group (group C) , LPS group and P1-3 groups. Acute lung injury was induced by intraperitoneal (IP) LPS 8 mg/kg in LPS and P1-3 groups. PHCD 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg were given IP after LPS administration in P1-3 groups. The animals were anesthetized at 6 h after IP LPS. Blood samples were collected for determination of serum TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations ( by ELISA) and then sacrificed, the lungs were immediately removed for determination of TLR4 mRNA and TLR2 mRNA expression (by RT-PCR), and microscopic examination. Results LPS significantly increased TLR4 mRNA and TLR2 mRNA expression in the lung tissue and serum TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations. PHCD 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg significantly inhibited LPS-induced increase in TLR4 mRNA and TLR2 mRNA expression in the lung tissue and serum TNF-α and ILr6 concentrations.The lung histopathologic damage was significantly ameliorated in P2 and P3 groups as compared with group LPS.Conclusion PHCD can protect the lungs against LPS-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting TLR4 mRNA and TLR2 mRNA expression in the lung tissue and reducing the inflammatory response.     

肝肾联合移植的临床体会（附10例分析）

目的总结肝肾联合移植的治疗体会。方法收集接受肝肾联合移植的10例患者的临床资料,对其手术时间、供肝和供肾热缺血时间、术中出血量、术后并发症,受者和移植物功能等情况进行总结分析。结果 10例患者的原发病分别为乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）后肝硬化5例,其中合并药物性肾衰竭1例、移植肾失功1例、肝肾综合征3例;原发性肝细胞癌合并肾衰竭2例;酒精性肝硬化合并尿毒症1例;先天性多囊肝和多囊肾（polycystic liver and kidney disease,PCLKD）1例;肝移植术后缺血性胆管狭窄并肾衰竭1例。肝移植采用改良背驮术式,肾移植采用常规移植方法,将移植肾置于左髂窝或右髂窝。手术均获成功,肝移植手术时间（444±175）min,肾移植手术时间（184±36）min;移植肝和移植肾热缺血时间为8min以内;术中出血量（3367±1726）ml。术前严重感染的5例,术后1周内死于多器官功能衰竭。存活的5例患者中,其中1例患者术后反复肺部感染,给予呼吸机辅助支持治疗、积极抗感染后治愈,其余4例患者无明显并发症。5例患者均存活,生存12~32个月,受者和移植物功能良好。结论肝肾联合移植是治疗终末期肝、肾功能同时受损的有效的不可替代的治疗手段。选择合适病例,把握适当的手术时机,术中控制手术时间、热缺血时间和出血量,术后积极处理并发症是获得良好疗效的关键。     

结直肠癌代谢紊乱与胰岛素抵抗的研究

Objective To investigate whether insulin resistance exists in patients with colorectal cancer and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 135 patients with colorectal cancer were included as the study group, and 120 healthy subjects were included as the control group. Height,weight, and blood pressure were recorded. Fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and insulin were measured. Insulin resistance index (InHOMA-IR) was calculated. Results The lnHOMA-IR was 0.84±0.38 in the study group and 0.42±0.08 in the control group (P＜0.05). The incidence of metabolic syndrome was 34.1%(46/135) in the study group and 22.5%(27/120) in the control group (P＜0.05). Insulin resistance index did not differ between the groups according to metabolic syndrome (0.98±0.41 vs. 0.74±0.22, P＞0.05). There were no significant associations between insulin resistance index and tumor differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM staging(P＞0.05). Conclusion Insulin resistance exists in colorectal cancer patients, and it is possibly associated with metabolic syndrome and the tumor.     

Portal vascular anomalies in Down syndrome: spectrum of clinical presentation and management approach

Purpose

The occurrence of portal vascular anomalies in Down syndrome has been sporadically reported in the literature. These rare disorders have a wide spectrum of anatomical and clinical presentations. The aim of this communication was to describe the clinical course, imaging features, and management approaches in patients with this association.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of the databases of the Vascular Anomalies Center and the Department of Radiology at Children's Hospital Boston for patients with Down syndrome and portal vascular anomalies. Medical records and imaging studies of varying modalities were reviewed.

Results

Three children with Down syndrome and portal anomalies (portosystemic shunt, simple arterioportal shunt, complex arterioportal shunt) were managed at our institution. The portosystemic shunt was clinically insignificant and resolved without any intervention. The simple arterioportal shunt was successfully treated with embolization. The complex arterioportal shunt was associated with major congenital cardiac defects and the child ultimately expired despite a decrease in the arterioportal shunting after embolization.

Conclusions

Three is a wide spectrum of clinical and anatomical features of portal vascular shunts in Down syndrome. The management approach should be tailored based on the severity of symptoms. Percutaneous embolization can offer a safe, effective, and minimally invasive alternative to the surgical approach in selective cases.     

Cherubism Combined with Epilepsy,Mental Retardation and Gingival Fibromatosis (Ramon Syndrome): A Case Report

Cherubism is an inherited, autosomal dominant disorder that characteristically affects the jaws of children. The disease typically manifest as a bilateral swelling with associated submandibular lymph node enlargements and usually regresses as age advances. The disease is microscopically indistinguishable from other giant cell lesions and is essentially a clinical diagnosis. The association of cherubism with gingival fibromatosis, epilepsy, mental retardation, stunted growth, and hypertrichosis is referred as Ramon syndrome. We report a case of Ramon syndrome in an 8 year old girl.     

睾丸源性生殖障碍综合征研究进展

睾丸源性生殖障碍综合征(TDS)是近10年来男性不育领域研究的热点。环境内分泌干扰因子作用于睾丸Leydig细胞和/或Sertoli细胞致使睾丸发育异常,从而导致TDS症状的出现是被广泛接受的发病机制。分子生物学研究提示类胰岛素样因子3(INSL-3)、雄激素受体(AR)、P27kip蛋白、WT-1基因及副中肾管抑制物(M IS)等可能与TDS的发病有关,本文对TDS的病因、机制及研究进展等进行了综述。     

髂静脉受压综合征的腔内介入治疗

目的:探讨腔内介入治疗对髂静脉受压综合征的临床价值。方法:对78例髂静脉受压综合征患者进行以球囊扩张及支架置入为主的综合治疗,随访观察治疗效果。结果:术中术后无大出血、血栓形成、肺动脉栓塞及死亡病例,治疗效果良好。结论:腔内介入治疗是治疗髂静脉受压综合征的一种安全有效的治疗手段。     

肘骨性关节炎合并囊肿致肘管综合征1例

<正>患者,男,51岁,左肘间断疼痛10年,左手环、小指麻木、无力半年。病史:患者10年来因双肘部高强度劳动,出现间断疼痛,以劳累后明显,症状逐年加重,并伴有功能障碍,近半年来因左肘部外伤出现左手环、小指感觉麻木、无力,并呈进行性加重,行保守治疗无效,于2009年3月4日前来就诊。查体:体型偏胖,肘关节伸屈活动-10°～120°,左手呈轻度     

卵泡液和血清中内分泌腺源血管内皮生长因子对卵巢过度刺激综合征的预测价值

目的评价卵泡液和血清内分泌腺源血管内皮生长因子(EG-VEGF)浓度水平对接受控制性超促排卵(COH)的体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妇女并发卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的预测价值。方法本研究为单中心的回顾性病例对照研究。2008年10月至2009年2月因输卵管和(或)男性因素进行IVF/ICSI治疗,COH中呈中、重度卵巢反应的不育妇女74例,其中OHSS组14例,非OHSS组60例。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测取卵日卵泡液和取卵后第2天血清的EG-VEGF、VEGF浓度。结果所有患者中,卵泡液EG-VEGF、卵泡液VEGF和血清EG-VEGF浓度均与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)日血清雌二醇(E_2)水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.630,P0.01;r=-0.559,P0.01;r=-0.478,P0.01),而与血清VEGF浓度无此相关性,卵泡液EG-VEGF和卵泡液VEGF浓度间呈显著正相关(r=-0.412,P0.01)。与非OHSS组相比,OHSS组的卵泡液EG-VEGF、卵泡液VEGF和血清EG-VEGF浓度均明显降低(P0.01,P0.01,P0.05),而血清VEGF浓度无显著差异。与轻度OHSS者相比,中度OHSS者的卵泡液EG-VEGF浓度显著降低(P0.01),而血清EG-VEGF、卵泡液VEGF和血清VEGF浓度均无显著差异。结论卵泡液和黄体早期血清EG-VEGF浓度与卵巢反应负相关并在OHSS发生者中明显下降,可用于预测OHSS的发生。与VEGF相比,EG-VEGF对OHSS的预测性更强,且卵泡液EG-VEGF浓度还能预测OHSS的严重程度。