双氯芬酸钠柔性脂质体的研究

目的 研究双氯芬酸钠柔性脂质体，为临床新制剂的开发提供参考。方法 以逆相蒸发－超声法制备双氯芬酸钠柔性脂质体，并对其性态、包封率、透过率、体外透皮以及抗炎药效学进行了试验。结果 双氯芬酸钠柔性脂质体平均粒径为81.5nm，平均包封率为73．12％；在0.3MPa外压作用下，柔性脂质体的透过速率平均达到水的90％；体外透皮实验中，24h累积透皮吸收百分率Q％为58．62％，优于普通脂质体和凝胶剂；对角叉菜胶所致的炎症有显著的抑制作用，比其凝胶剂作用持久。结论 双氯芬酸内柔性脂质体有望成为适于临床给药的一种新剂型。     

复方参果液对大鼠亚硒酸钠性白内障晶状体中巯基和谷胱甘肽含量的影响

目的 观察复方参果液对亚硒酸钠性白内障形成的抑制作用及其机理。方法 选用10日龄Wistar大鼠40只随机分为正常对照组、亚硒酸钠性白内障大剂量复方参果液治疗组，亚硒酸性钠白内障小剂量复方参果液治疗组和亚硒酸钠性白内障未治疗对照组，每组均为10只。在4组中分别用不同剂量的复方参果液和等量清水灌胃给药30天。灌胃结束后测定晶状体上清液中非蛋白巯基（nonprotein sulfhydryl,NP-SH)，沉淀部分蛋白巯基（protein sulfhydryl,P-SH)和晶状体匀浆液中谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH)等含量。结果 白内障未治疗组中NP－SH，P－SH和GSH含量均明显降低，大剂量和小剂量复方参果液组中NP－SH，P－SH，GSH含量均明显增加（P＜0．05，P＜0．001），接近正常对照组水平。结论 复方参果液能提高大鼠亚硒酸钠性白内障晶状体中NP－SH，P－SH和GSH的含量，这可能与复方参果液抑制亚硒酸钠性白内障形成有关。     

Growth inhibition and gene induction in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell exposed to sodium 4-phenylbutanoate

Background Sodium 4-phenylbutanoate （NaPB） can induce cellular differentiation and cell cycle arrest. However, its potential anticancer properties in hepatocellular carcinoma and influence on normal liver cell are still unclear. We observed the effects of NaPB on growth inhibition, including differentiation and phase growth arrest in normal liver cell line L-02 and hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Bel-7402. Furthermore, we investigated its mechanism in Bel-7402. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma cells Bel-7402 and normal liver cell line L-02 were treated with NaPB at different concentrations. Light microscopy was used to find morphological change in cells. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. Expression of acetylating histone H4 and of histones deacetylase 4 （HDAC4） were determined by Western blot. The expression of P21WAF1/CIP1 and E-cadherin were observed through immunocytochemistry. Results NaPB treatment led to time dependent growth inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells Bel-7402. NaPB treatment caused a significant decline in the fraction of S phase cells and a significant increase in Go/G1 cells. NaPB increased the expression of P21wAFVCIP1 and E-cadherin in Bel-7402 and significantly decreased the level of HDAC4 in Bel-7402. NaPB significantly improved the level of acetylating histone H4. The normal liver cell line L-02 showed no distinct changes under treatment with NaPB. Conclusions NaPB inhibited the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells Bel-7402 and induced partial differentiation through enhancing the acetylating histones. In Bel-7402, the expressions of P21WAF1/CIP1 and E-cadherin may be related to level of acetylating histones and inhibition of cellular growth. NaPB showed no significant effect on normal liver cells.     

The effect of draw-up volume on the accuracy of electrolyte measurements from neonatal arterial lines

OBJECTIVES: Contamination by infusate of blood samples withdrawn from arterial lines has been recognized but not well documented for neonates. The aim of this study was to investigate, using in vitro and in vivo studies, the effects of different draw-up volumes (withdrawn from the line prior to the sample being taken) on the concentration of sodium. METHODS: In-vitro study: The tip of an umbilical artery catheter (dead space 0.6 mL), infused with half normal saline containing 1 unit/mL of heparin was placed in a beaker of normal saline. The line was flushed with 1 mL of this infusate just before each sample was taken. Volumes from 0.5 mL to 2.0 mL of infusate/normal saline were withdrawn in 0.1 mL increments from a three-way tap and discarded. A sample was then taken from the line into a blood gas syringe for analysis of the sodium concentration by the 860 Blood Gas Analyzer (Chiron Diagnostics, Bayer, Scoresby). Control samples were taken from the beaker. In-vivo study: A 22 gauge intravenous catheter was inserted into a vein of an adult male volunteer. The dead space was also 0.6 mL. The line was flushed with 5 mL of half-normal saline immediately before sampling. Draw-up volumes of 0.6, 0.9, 1.3, and 1.6 mL were withdrawn and discarded. 10 mL was used as a control. A 0.5-mL blood sample was then taken and the electrolyte concentrations analysed immediately. RESULTS: In-vitro: A minimum draw-up volume of 1.3 mL was required before the sodium concentration was not significantly different from the control samples. In-vivo: A minimum draw-up volume of 1.6 mL was required before the sodium concentration was not significantly different from the control samples. There were similar trends in the effect of draw-up volume for glucose, calcium, potassium, chloride and lactate. CONCLUSION:: A minimum volume of 1.6 mL should be withdrawn from neonatal arterial lines (dead space 0.6 mL) before taking blood for analysis.     

眼底血管荧光造影不良反应87例临床分析

目的：分析荧光素钠应用于眼底血管荧光造影的安全性及不良反应特点。方法：对我院2002年3月～2008年6月2140例眼底荧光血管造影室行造影患者的不良反应发生情况进行记录并分析。结果：2140例患者中,发生不良反应者共87例,占4.07%。除1例为重度不良反应外,均为轻、中度不良反应,并无死亡病例。不良反应中以恶心、呕吐最多,不良反应发生率男性显著高于女性（P〈0.01）。结论：荧光素钠应用在眼底血管造影时,是一种相对安全的造影剂。不良反应发生率低,发生的不良反应均为轻、中度,严重不良反应极少见,死亡病例罕见。而不良反应中产生呕吐的原因可能是强烈的迷走神经反应。男性发生率显著高于女性的原因在于男性迷走神经兴奋性高,遇到不良刺激后,精神紧张而容易发生一些不良反应。     

阿仑膦酸钠肠溶片预防和治疗绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的疗效及安全性分析

目的 评价阿仑膦酸钠肠溶片治疗绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的临床疗效及安全性.方法 选择我院收治的绝经后骨质疏松症妇女84例,随机分为3组,每组28例,A组给予阿仑膦酸钠肠溶片10 mg/d,B组给予阿仑膦酸钠片10 mg/d,C组给予阿仑膦酸钠肠溶片70 mg/周.3组患者在此基础上加服钙尔奇D600,疗程均为6个月.观察3组患者治疗前后骨密度、血骨钙素(BGP)、C端交联多肽(CTX)水平及新骨折发生情况,同时观察不良反应.结果 3组患者疗效(骨密度改善情况)间差异无统计学意义(P＝0.43);治疗后3组患者的BGP、CTX水平间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);3组患者消化系统不良反应发生率间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗期间3组均无新骨折发生,无严重不良事件发生.结论 阿仑膦酸钠肠溶片治疗绝经后妇女骨质疏松症临床疗效与阿仑膦酸钠片无差异,消化系统不良反应发生率间亦无差异.     

低分子肝素钠联合葛根素治疗不稳定型心绞痛临床观察

目的观察低分子肝素钠联合葛根素治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效。方法将108例确诊为不稳定型心绞痛的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组54例,均给予相同的常规治疗,在此基础上,治疗组加用低分子肝素钠及葛根素,比较2组治疗效果。结果治疗组心绞痛及心电图疗效均明显优于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);治疗组每日硝酸甘油用量显著少于对照组(P<0.01)。结论低分子肝素钠联合葛根素治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效肯定、安全,优于常规治疗方法。     

温针灸配合玻璃酸钠关节内注射治疗膝关节骨关节炎

[目的]探寻治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的最佳方法.[方法]将42例患者采用温针灸配合玻璃酸钠关节内注射治疗.观察结果.[结果]临床治愈19例.有效率为90.5%.[结论]温针灸配合玻璃酸纳关节内注射治疗膝关节骨性关节炎有显著疗效.     

Effects of sodium ferulate on the ultrarapid delayed rectifier K^＋ current in human atrial myocytes

Objective To study the effects of sodium ferulate on the ultrarapid delayed rectifier K current(Ikur) in human atrial myocytes.MethodsHuman atrial myocytes were isolated by enzyme dispersion method. Ikur in human atrial myocytes were recorded by using the whole cell patch clamp. The changes of Ikur were compared in the absence and the presence of sodium ferulate. ResultsThere was no effect of 0.4 g/L sodium ferulate on I-V relation of Ikur However, 0.4 g/L sodium ferulate inhibited Ikur to some degrees at each test pulse. The current densities of Ikur at 60 mV decreased from 4.997 ± 0.35 PA/PF to 3.331 ± 0.26 PA/PF(n = 6, P ＜ 0.05). The inhibitory effect was concentration-dependent. IC50 was(0.41 ± 0.03)g/L and the Hill coefficient was 0.95 ± 0.05. ConclusionSodium ferulate as a potassium channel blocker can inhibit Ikur in human atrial myocytes effectively.     

运动加强氟化钠对去卵巢大鼠骨矿盐代谢的影响效应

用测定骨矿盐含量的方法,观察运动对氟化钠(NaF)抗去卵巢大鼠骨矿盐丢失的影响效应。将健康4月龄雌性SD大鼠30只,用抽签法随机分成5组:正常对照组;假去卵巢组;去卵巢组;去卵巢+NaF组;去卵巢+NaF+运动组。去卵巢+NaF组和去卵巢+NaF+运动组大鼠于去卵巢手术后第2 d开始给予NaF溶液灌胃,0.5 mg/(kg.BW),1次/d,持续11周。去卵巢+NaF+运动组于去卵巢术后第7 d开始运动训练,每周5 d,每天连续匀速跑45 min,16 m/min,跑道倾角0°,持续10周。结果表明,去卵巢组大鼠骨干重、骨干重/体重、骨灰重、骨灰重/体重、骨灰重/骨干重(%)均明显低于假去卵巢组;去卵巢+NaF组大鼠骨干重、骨干重/体重、骨灰重、骨灰重/体重、骨灰重/骨干重(%)等指标虽然较去卵巢组增加,但仍显著低于假去卵巢组;NaF半量与运动联合应用后,上述各指标均显著回升,并且基本恢复到对照组水平。提示运动可加强NaF抗去卵巢大鼠骨矿物盐丢失的作用。