Circular dichroism detection in high-performance liquid chromatography: Evaluation of the anisotropy factor

The application of a circular dichroism (c.d.) detection system in HPLC using a chiral stationary phase is presented. The simultaneous measurement of the absorbance and c.d. signal allows the evaluation of the anisotropy factor (g = Δ/) and thus the determination of the enantiomeric excess (e.e.) of the eluates. When this detection system is used in preparative chiral chromatography the collection of the enantiomeric fractions can be readily optimized.     

异环磷酰胺为主的联合方案治疗晚期复发鼻咽癌

[目的]观察比较异环磷酰胺(IFO)、顺铂(DDP)、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)联合方案(IPF方案)与DDP,5-Fu(PF方案)治疗晚期复发鼻咽癌(Ⅲ-Ⅳ期)的近期疗效及毒副反应。[方法]136例均经病理证实为晚期复发鼻咽癌患者,随机分为IPF组69例,PF组67例(对照组)[结果]IPF组和PF组有效率分别为69.56％(48/69)和43.3％(29/67),两组间差异有显著性(X2=8.519,P<0.01)。中位生存期:IPF组16个月(8-34个月),PF组为6.5个月(4-21个月),两组间差异有显著性(X2=22.36,P<0.05)。毒副作用主要为骨髓抑制,Ⅲ-Ⅳ度白细胞下降率IPF组为49.4％,PF组为5.97％,两组差异有显著性(X2=29.54,P<0.01)。Ⅲ-Ⅳ度血小板下降率IPF组为29.18％,PF组为0％(X2=30.29,P<0.01);Ⅲ-Ⅳ度消化道反应两组的发生率分别为15.94％和11.94％(x2=0.234,P>0.01).且以Ⅲ度为主。[结论]以IFO为主的方案联合治疗晚期复发鼻咽癌疗效好,毒副反应能耐受,可作为一线方案。     

奥兰扎平治疗精神分裂症58例临床观察

目的观察奥兰扎平治疗精神分裂症的临床疗效与安全性.方法选择58例精神分裂症病人,开始给予奥兰扎平5mg*d-1,3d后根据临床疗效、副反应情况酌情增加剂量,最大剂量不超过20mg*d-1,治疗8周.治疗前及治疗后每2周用PANSS、CGI、TESS量表评定1次.结果治疗后PANSS总分、各因子分较治疗前显著下降(P<0.01),副反应主要有抗胆碱症状、过度镇静、体重增加、一过性丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高.结论奥兰扎平是一种安全、有效、副作用较轻的抗精神病药.     

甲状腺机能亢进危象：附14例临床分析

本文报道14例甲亢危象,其发病率为4.5％,其发病与感染、劳累、情绪激动及同位素治疗有关。指出同位素治疗甲亢初期应服用抗甲状腺药物,讨论了淡漠型危象的有关问题。     

The surgical management of resistant club foot by rotation skin flap and extensive soft tissue release

Summary Resistant club foot remains an unsolved problem because of the complex aetiological and pathological factors, and is still seen quite frequently, especially in developing countries. The posteromedial skin contracture is a potent deforming force which is responsible for many failures or relapses. I report the results of an operation in which a rotation skin flap was combined with an extensive soft-tissue release. The age of the children was from 9 months to 10 years. The follow-up period was from one to 9 years with an average of 43 months, and in 50 cases for more than 5 years. I consider that the outcome has been excellent or good in 94 out of 100 feet.

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Résumé Le pied bot invétéré demeure un problème mal résolu en raison de la complexité des facteurs étiologiques et anatomiques et il est encore bien souvent rencontré, notamment dans les pays en voie de développement. La rétraction cutanée postéro-interne représente un puissant élément de la déformation, qui est responsable de bon nombre d'échecs ou de récidives. Nous rapportons les résultats d'une opération qui associe un lambeau cutané de rotation à la libération des parties molles. L'âge des enfants était compris entre neuf mois et dix ans. Le recul est de un à neuf ans, avec une moyenne de 43 mois. Cinquante enfants ont été suivis plus de cinq ans. Les résultats sont excellents ou bons dans 94% des cas.

     

Poor association between allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E levels, skin sensitivity and basophil degranulation: a study with recombinant birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and an immunoglobulin E detection system measuring immunoglobulin E capable of binding to FcɛRI

BACKGROUND: Results from several studies indicate that the magnitude of immediate symptoms of type I allergy caused by allergen-induced cross-linking of high-affinity Fc epsilon receptors on effector cells (mast cells and basophils) is not always associated with allergen-specific IgE levels. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of results from intradermal skin testing, basophil histamine release and allergen-specific IgE, IgG1-4, IgA and IgM antibody levels in a clinical study performed in birch pollen-allergic patients (n = 18). METHODS: rBet v 1-specific IgEs were measured by quantitative CAP measurements and by using purified Fc epsilon RI-derived alpha-chain to quantify IgE capable of binding to effector cells. Bet v 1-specific IgG subclasses, IgA and IgM levels were measured by ELISA, and basophil histamine release was determined in whole blood samples. Intradermal skin testing was performed with the end-point titration method. RESULTS: Our study demonstrates on the molecular level that the concentrations of allergen-specific IgE antibodies capable of binding to Fc epsilon RI and biological sensitivities are not necessarily associated. A moderate association was found between cutaneous and basophil sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the quantitative discrepancies and limitations of the present diagnostic tools in allergy, even when using a single allergenic molecule. The quantity of allergen-specific serum IgE is only one component of far more complex cellular systems (i.e. basophil-based tests, skin tests) used as indirect diagnostic tests for IgE-mediated allergic sensitivity.     

In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of Whole and Half Tablets of Sustained-Release Adinazolam Mesylate

The mechanism of release from sustained-release adinazolam mesylate tablets was assessed by the Higuchi equation and by analysis of drug release profiles through 60% released using the Peppas equation. Computed values of the diffusional exponent, n, ranged from 0.59 to 0.66. Values of n in this range are consistent with a mixed mechanism of release, with diffusion of drug through the hydrated polymer matrix and relaxation of this matrix being the principal processes controlling release. The rate of in vitro drug release was increased for half tablets relative to whole tablets and is attributed to an increase in the surface to volume ratio of half tablets of about 16%. This increase in surface-to-volume ratio of half tablets was reflected by an increase in the constant, k, from the Peppas equation of 20–23% and by an increase in the slope of Higuchi plots of 12–18% for four lots of tablets. In vivo/in vitro relationships from two bioavailability studies were thoroughly evaluated. Using either a linear or a quadratic relationship, an in vivo/in vitro correlation exists for sustained-release adinazolam mesylate tablets.