Antiinflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activities of the organic extracts of Tanacetum microphyllum DC. in rats

Extracts of Tanacetum microphyllum DC. (Compositae) have been investigated for antiinflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activity in the rat. In adjuvant-carrageenan-induced inflammation (ACII), orally administered organic extracts of T. microphyllum (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol) inhibited both the acute and chronic phases of this experimental model of inflammation, but mainly the chronic phase; the dichloromethane extract was as effective as phenylbutazone. Prior oral administration of T. microphyllum organic extracts prevented the ulcerogenic effect of orally administered indomethacin. Again, the dichloromethane extract exhibited the greatest activity.     

鹰嘴豆提取物对2型糖尿病大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响

目的观察鹰嘴豆提取物(CAWE)对2型糖尿病大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响。方法采用高糖高脂饲料喂养4周后腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)45 mg/kg的方法,建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。造模成功后灌胃低、中、高3个剂量组的鹰嘴豆提取物,观察空腹血糖(FPG)、血清胰岛素(FINS)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平的变化,计算肝指数、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),观察肝脏、肾脏的组织病理学改变。结果与模型组相比,鹰嘴豆提取物能降低2型糖尿病大鼠的肝指数、血糖、TG、TC、LDL-C,增加ISI,能改善肝脏、肾脏病理损害。结论鹰嘴豆提取物具有降低血糖、调节血脂的作用。     

富钒鹰嘴豆芽对糖尿病大鼠血糖和血脂的影响

目的:研究富钒鹰嘴豆芽降糖作用及可能机制。方法:以链脲佐菌素诱导形成糖尿病大鼠模型,饲喂不同浓度的富钒鹰嘴豆芽4周,观察大鼠血糖和血脂等的变化。结果:与正常对照组比较,糖尿病模型大鼠的血糖升高了4倍,血浆胰岛素降低了57.63%、糖化血红蛋白(GHb)升高了42.28%,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和血浆脂质水平明显升高。而分别饲喂不同浓度富钒鹰嘴豆芽4周后,糖尿病大鼠的上述指标都得到改善,其中以中等剂量(100μg/ml)富钒鹰嘴豆芽治疗组的效果最明显:血糖水平降低了58.60%(P<0.05);血浆胰岛素水平明显增高(P<0.05)且接近正常;GHb降低了32.81%,血浆低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯和总胆固醇明显下降(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶分别降低了39.98%和41.37%。而葡萄糖耐量得到显著改善,2h的血糖值降低了38.46%。结论:富钒鹰嘴豆芽能阻止糖尿病大鼠高血糖的进展和血浆脂质水平的改变;这种钒的有机复合物形式达到了减毒增效的目的,具有较佳的应用前景。     

鹰嘴豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂的提取工艺研究

目的 研究鹰嘴豆中胰蛋白酶抑制剂的最佳提取条件.方法 以提取液对胰蛋白酶的抑制率为指标,采用正交实验法对提取温度(A)、溶剂用量(B)、pH值(C)、提取时间(D)4个因素进行优选,并对优选的提取方案进行验证.结果 在所选水平范围内,因素C和B对提取效果有显著的影响,因素D和A影响不显著.结论 该文属国内首次关于鹰嘴豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂成分的研究报告,其有效部位的最佳提取工艺为C_1B_3D_1A_3.     

Alcoholic extract of Cicer microphyllum augments Th1 immune response in normal and chronically stressed Swiss albino mice

Objective The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of an alcoholic extract of Cicer microphyllum (I³M/38/A001) (whole plant without seeds and flowers) on the immunological parameters of sheep red blood cell immunized normal and chronically stressed Swiss albino mice. Methods Estimation of T‐cell subsets (CD3⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺), CD80/CD86, CD28, CD 69, costimulatory molecules and Th1/Th2 cytokines was carried out using a flow cytometer. This was followed by study of the delayed type hypersensitivity response, in‐vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay and measurement of Th1/Th2 cytokines in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by flow cytometry. An enzyme immune assay was used to analyse corticosterone levels in the serum of chronically stressed animals. Key findings We found that oral administration of I³M/38/A001once daily at the graded doses of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o. enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes in sheep red blood cell normal and chronically stressed mice, as shown by flow cytometric analysis. The extract selectively induced type 1 immunity: it guided enhanced expression of Th1 cytokines, interferon‐γ and interleukin‐2, while no significant change in interleukin‐4 (Th2 cytokine) levels was observed. Confirmation of Th1 polarization was confirmed by the augmented levels of interferon‐γ and interleukin‐2 in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A significant suppression of raised corticosterone levels was also observed in stressed animals, which suggests the extract's normalizing effect on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Co‐stimulatory molecules, CD28, CD69, CD80 and CD86, which are important secondary signals for the activation of the immune system, elicited significant expression in I³M/38/A001 treated mice. Conclusion Our studies show the immune potentiating and immune recuperative effect of the test drug in sheep red blood cell‐immunized normal and chronically stressed mice.     

鹰嘴豆异黄酮提取物对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的探讨鹰嘴豆异黄酮提取物(CIE)对D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法 sc 10%D-半乳糖6周建立衰老小鼠模型,同时ig给予CIE(25、50、100 mg/kg),对照组和模型组给予等量的生理盐水。用Morris水迷宫试验检测小鼠的学习记忆能力,同时检测小鼠脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力以及丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果与对照组比较,模型组小鼠学习记忆能力降低,脑组织SOD活力下降,MDA水平增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。ig不同剂量的CIE后,小鼠各检测指标均明显改善,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05、0.01)结论CIE可改善D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠的学习记忆能力,其作用机制可能与CIE具有抗氧化能力有关。     

鹰嘴豆化学成分研究

目的：研究鹰嘴豆的化学成分,从中寻找具有生物活性的天然化合物。方法：采用不同体积分数的乙醇对鹰嘴豆干燥种子及鹰嘴豆发芽种子进行提取,经硅胶、大孔树脂D101、葡聚糖Sephadex LH-20色谱手段分离纯化,通过NMR,MS等波谱分析手段鉴定化合物结构。结果：分离到9个化合物,分别鉴定为3-羟基-齐墩果-12-烯(1),鹰嘴豆芽素A-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2),脑苷(3),1-乙基-α-L-半乳糖苷(4),尿苷(5),腺苷(6),色氨酸(7),鹰嘴豆芽素A(8),芒柄花素(9)。结论：1,3,4,6,7均为首次从鹰嘴豆属植物中分离到。     

鹰嘴豆降血糖有效部位的药效学筛选

目的：对鹰嘴豆4个提取部位对正常和高血糖模型小鼠血糖值的影响进行研究，并筛选出其中的有效部位，为进一步研究奠定基础。方法：分别对正常小鼠、肾上腺素高血糖小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠灌胃4个提取部位，一周后测定血糖值和肝糖原含量。结果：鹰嘴豆提取部位Ⅲ可显著性降低正常小鼠和肾上腺素高血糖小鼠的血糖值，对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖无作用。结论：鹰嘴豆提取部位Ⅲ在降血糖筛选实验中作用最显著，故将其做为有效部位进行进一步研究。