化工工人肌肉骨骼功能及其与工作能力的关系

目的 研究化工工人肌肉骨骼功能状况及其与工作能力的关系。方法 对101名化工作业工人进行肌肉骨骼功能(背肌耐力、手握力、躯干柔韧性、腹肌力和肌肉骨骼功能指数)测定和工作能力指数(wAI)测定。结果男性握力显著高于女性(P＜O.01)，腹肌力、背肌耐力和肌肉骨骼功能指数(MSFI)均男性较高，躯干柔韧性女性较高；年龄与MSFI呈负相关(r=O．489，P＜O．01)，随年龄增加，肌肉骨骼功能下降；不同劳动类型化工职工肌肉骨骼功能差异无显著性；肌肉骨骼功能与工作能力之间存在密切的关系，MSFI与WAI的相关系数为O.215(P＜O．05)，MSFI分级和WAI分级间有较好的一致性，完全一致率为56．7％。结论 肌肉骨骼功能的测定对于评价化工工人工作能力可能具有重要的意义。     

Chemical shift imaging spectroscopy and memory function in temporal lobe epilepsy

PURPOSE: Hippocampal neuron loss and associated memory deficits are characteristic of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Proton chemical shift imaging (CSI) spectroscopy is a sensitive tool for detecting neuronal loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between memory functions and results provided by CSI spectroscopy of the hippocampal structures. METHODS: Ten patients with cryptogenic TLE participated. The study protocol involved both the acquisition of high-spatial-resolution CSI spectroscopy and neuropsychological evaluation, including memory testing and intracarotid sodium amytal test (IAT). The analysis of the CSI data was based on normative data obtained in 30 healthy volunteers. Memory functions were represented by verbal, visual, and general memory indices. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between CSI spectroscopy of the hippocampal formation and the verbal memory indices for the dominant hemisphere. In addition, there was a significant correspondence of the qualitative judgment "hippocampal pathology indicated by CSI spectroscopy" and both "material specific memory deficit" and "memory deficit in the IAT." CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that CSI spectroscopy of the hippocampal structures is strongly related to lateralized memory deficits in patients with TLE. This suggests that CSI spectroscopy may be useful in the prediction of postoperative outcome in respect of seizure control and memory.     

Morphologie et alimentation de l’enfant : Évolution au cours des dernières décennies

Growth is a favourable period to study the association between environmental factors and body composition, as many body parameters can be investigated. The analysis of secular trends in nutrition and growth could suggest hypotheses about the factors responsible for the body parameter changes over time.We have conducted several studies at different periods to assess secular trends. We also have developed growth indicators such as the BMI growth curves, the adiposity rebound and the arm muscle and arm fat areas.Since many years, increased stature has been recorded in various countries. The same trend was recorded in our studies. Mean stature in 2000 was 1.31m and 1.30m in 8-year-old boys and girls respectively. In 1960, in the French reference study, these figures were 1.27 and 1.26m, corresponding to a 4cm increase over the last 40 years. A comparison between two longitudinal studies conducted 30 years apart, indicates that the higher stature recorded at adult age in the more recent study, mainly results from an increase stature in early life. This increase mainly results from increased leg length. Birth weight recorded in studies conducted at different periods did not reveal any changes. By contrast, in school children, an increase in weight has been recorded in the last decades. Studies conducted in 10-year-old children at different time periods revealed that the prevalence of overweight defined by the 97^th centile of the French reference values was about 3% in 1965, 6% in 1980, 12% in 1995 and 16% in 2000. The age at adiposity rebound was 6.2 years in children born in 1965 and 5.6 in those born 30 years later. The earlier rebound recorded in the more recent study reflects an acceleration of growth.While children are taller, fatter, and grow faster, mean energy intake decreases over time, particularly due to a decrease in fat intake. The infant diet in many countries (by the age of 6-12 months) is characterised by high levels of proteins and low levels of fat. The high protein diet in infancy could explain the rapid growth process observed nowadays. Various studies have suggested that an accelerated growth in early life is associated with risk factors. Like in adults, obesity in children, is associated with metabolic diseases.In conclusion, growth is the period when environmental factors can have long lasting influence on body composition. The secular trends reported in many countries, such as increased stature, accelerated growth or the increasing prevalence of obesity, could result from influences taking place early in life. It is then important to develop research focussing on the identification of the early environmental factors which influence adult health.     

穿心莲的研究及临床开发

概述穿心莲在生药学、化学成分、药理学、临床应用、制剂开发、不良反应等方面的研究进展。穿心莲主要成分为二萜类内酯和黄酮，具有抗菌消炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、防治心血管疾病、抗肝损伤、增强免疫、抗生育等多种药理作用，值得进一步研究与开发。     

巴洛沙星的合成

目的合成巴洛沙星(Balofloxacin),并进行工艺优化。方法以1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-8-甲氧基-4-氧代-1,4二氢喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯为起始原料,经保护、缩合、水解等反应制得抗菌药巴洛沙星。结果合成目标化合物,总收率为54.9%。结论本工艺反应条件平和,成本较低,收率较高。     

白花败酱草化学成分研究

从白花败酱草石油醚和氯仿萃取部位分离鉴定了9个化合物,分别为正三十二碳酸(Ⅰ),正三十二烷醇(Ⅱ),棕榈酸(Ⅲ),齐墩果酸(Ⅳ),aurentiamide acetate(Ⅴ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅵ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ),7β-羟基-β-谷甾醇(Ⅷ),豆甾醇(Ⅸ),其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅷ是首次从败酱属植物中分离得到,Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ是首次从白花败酱草中分离得到.     

补骨脂化学成分的研究

目的:对补骨脂的化学成分进行研究.方法:运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析等手段进行分离,运用UV、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS等波谱方法进行结构鉴定.结果:共分离鉴定了7个化合物,分别为异补骨脂素(isopsoralen,1),补骨脂素(psoralen,2),补骨脂定(psoralidin,3),补骨脂查耳酮(bavachalcone,4),补骨脂二氢黄酮(bavachin,5),大豆苷(daidzin,6)和尿嘧啶(uracil,7).结论:化合物6和7为首次从补骨脂属植物中分离得到.     

怀牛膝化学成分的研究

目的 对怀牛膝(Achyranthes bidentata B1．)的化学成分进行分离、鉴定。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱等分离手段；利用理化性质与波谱技术对化合物进行鉴定。结果 得到7个化合物，经鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，1)，豆甾醇(stigmasterol，2)，齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid，3)，胡萝卜苷(daucosteml，4)，竹节参皂苷-1(PJS-1，5)，正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside，6)，β-蜕皮甾酮(ecdystemne，7)。结论 化合物2、3为首次从怀牛膝中分离得到。     

水黄皮中黄酮类化合物的研究

从水黄皮中分离鉴定了7个黄酮类化合物:pongaflavone(1),karanjin(2),pongapin(3),pongachromene(4),3,7-二甲氧基-3′,4′-二氧亚甲基黄酮(5),millettocalyxin C(6),3,3′,4′,7-四甲氧基黄酮(7),其中millettocalyxin C为首次从水黄皮属植物中分离得到.     

Irritant nail dermatitis of chemical depilatory product presenting with koilonychia

Chemical hair removal products are available as creams, gels, powders, aerosols and roll-ons and all of these forms work in the same way by breaking chemical bonds between sulfur atoms in the protein. Currently, the common active ingredients of these products are calcium thioglycolate, potassium thioglycolate, arsenic and sulfur minerals. Sulfur and arsenic containing products are important toxic chemicals which are mainly used for removing hair in developing countries. Irritant contact dermatitis accounts for 80% of all contact dermatitis reactions which are often occupation-related. Toluene sulfonamide, formaldehyde resin, acrylates and ethylcyanoacrylate are the most common irritants. Irritant nail dermatitis with plants has been well defined with Lobelia richardii flower, Compositae family and garlic. Although allergic dermatitis, irritant dermatitis and irritant nail dermatitis have been well demonstrated with chemicals, koilonychia is unusual presentation of irritant dermatitis. Here we describe a case of nail irritant dermatitis due to application of chemical depilatory product for hair removal presented with koilonychias. To our knowledge this is the first case of such presentation with koilonychia in the English literature.