资木瓜多糖对小鼠佐剂性关节炎的作用及其机制

目的:建立小鼠佐剂性关节炎(AA)模型,研究资木瓜多糖(CSPS)对小鼠AA病理改变及炎症因子表达的影响。方法:雄性昆明鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、CSPS高、低剂量(分别为400,200 mg·kg-1)组、阳性药醋酸泼尼松(PAT,5.6mg·kg-1)组,每组10只。各组均于造模前1 d开始给药,2次/d,连续3 d;再于造模后第8天继续给药,2次/d,连续16 d。正常对照组、模型组ig等体积生理盐水。小鼠足部注射弗氏完全佐剂诱导建立AA动物模型,检测小鼠足爪的肿胀度,测定脾、胸腺、肝脏的指数,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,酶联免疫(ELISA)法检测脾细胞培养上清液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白介素-1β(IL-1β),白介素-4(IL-4)的水平。结果:CSPS能有效减轻AA小鼠的原发性和继发性足肿胀,抑制免疫脏器指数的升高,抑制AA小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,降低AA小鼠脾细胞TNF-α,IL-1β的产生,提高IL-4含量。结论:CSPS对AA具有抑制作用,其机制可能与抑制淋巴细胞增殖,减少促炎因子TNF-α,IL-1β释放,促进抗炎因子IL-4表达有关。     

木瓜总皂苷提取工艺研究

目的优选木瓜总皂苷提取工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以木瓜总皂苷含量为评价指标,对木瓜总皂苷的渗漉工艺进行研究。结果木瓜总皂苷最佳提取工艺为：以70％乙醇浸泡24h,8倍量进行渗漉,渗漉速度为3ml·min^-1·kg^-1。结论该优选工艺稳定可行,适于木瓜总皂苷的提取。     

重庆皱皮木瓜挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

目的:分析测定重庆产皱皮木瓜的挥发性成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取皱皮木瓜鲜果中的香气成分,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行香气成分的分离鉴定。结果:在重庆产皱皮木瓜鲜果中分离鉴定出芳香性成分106种,以酯类、醇类、羧酸类、烷烃和烯烃类、酮类化合物为主。结论:GC-MS分析法明确了重庆产皱皮木瓜鲜果的挥发性香气成分组成,为重庆产皱皮木瓜果实开发应用提供了基础数据。     

皱皮木瓜与光皮木瓜品质多性状指标综合评价

目的:对重庆产果用型皱皮木瓜和光皮木瓜的8项鲜食品质指标进行全面测定,并基于模糊综合评判原理探索样品鲜食品质综合评价方法。方法:分别以重庆产皱皮木瓜与光皮木瓜样品为试材,以总糖、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸含量,超氧化物歧化酶活性与齐墩果酸、熊果酸、总黄酮、总皂苷含量为指标,采用滴定法、比色法以及高效液相色谱法分别对重庆产果用型木瓜鲜食品质性状进行全面测定,并采用模糊概率法对二者的鲜食品质进行探索性评价研究。结果:皱皮木瓜和光皮木瓜中平均超氧化物歧化酶活性,果汁可滴定酸、总糖、抗坏血酸及齐墩果酸、熊果酸、总黄酮、总皂苷分别为73.197 U.mg-1,0.357 g.L-1,0.854 mg.L-1,1.118 mg.L-1,0.320%,0.461%,43.90 mg.g-1,23.11 mg.g-1和77.914 U.mg-1,0.252 g.L-1,0.845 mg.L-1,1.260 mg.L-1,0.255%,0.176%,41.24 mg.g-1,15.01 mg.g-1,皱皮木瓜和光皮木瓜样品果用型鲜食品质综合评分分别为0.599,0.367。结论:重庆产果用型皱皮木瓜鲜食品质优于光皮木瓜,模糊概率法可用于多性状指标样品的品质综合评价。     

资木瓜总苷对佐剂性关节炎大鼠滑膜肥大细胞脱颗粒和类胰蛋白酶表达的影响

目的:观察资木瓜总苷(TSCS)对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠滑膜组织病理改变、滑膜肥大细胞脱颗粒及类胰蛋白酶表达的影响,探讨肥大细胞功能与TSCS治疗大鼠AA的关系.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和TSCS 组(200 mg·kg-1),每组15只,致炎后第3天开始ig给药,1次/d,模型组和正常对照组给予等容积生理盐水,持续21 d.除正常对照组外,其余大鼠足部注射弗氏完全佐剂诱导建立AA模型,检测大鼠体质量和足跖体积变化,HE染色评价滑膜组织病理改变,TB染色观察滑膜肥大细胞数量及其脱颗粒情况,免疫组化法检测滑膜组织中类胰蛋白酶表达情况.结果:TSCS能明显增加AA大鼠体质量,减轻足跖肿胀度,显著减轻滑膜组织炎性细胞浸润、滑膜细胞增生和滑膜纤维组织增生,有效抑制滑膜肥大细胞数量和脱颗粒率,显著抑制滑膜组织类胰蛋白酶表达.相关分析显示,滑膜肥大细胞数量及脱颗粒率均与滑膜组织病理改变总评分呈明显的正相关.结论:TSCS具有治疗大鼠AA和调节滑膜肥大细胞功能的作用,由于两者存在明显的正相关性,因此TSCS可能通过抑制滑膜肥大细胞功能,对AA大鼠起治疗作用.     

Central nervous system effects of the essential oil of the leaves of Alpinia zerumbet in mice

Objectives Alpinia zerumbet, known in Brazil as colônia, is popularly used as a diuretic, antihypertensive, anti‐ulcerogenic and sedative. Based on this, we have investigated the central effects of the essential oil isolated from A. zerumbet leaves. Methods Mice were treated once with 50 or 100 mg/kg of the essential oil, intraperitoneally, 30 min before being submitted to behavioural models of: locomotor activity (open‐field), catalepsy, anxiety (elevated plus maze), depression (forced swimming test and tail suspension tests) as well as apomorphine‐induced stereotypy. Key findings Results showed a dose‐related decrease on locomotor activity and apomorphine‐induced stereotypy. There was a decrease to the order of 55% of the grooming behaviour with both doses studied. The essential oil 100 mg/kg increased cataleptic activity (167%) and the immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests. Pretreatment with haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) alone also decreased locomotion, increased cataleptic activity and immobility time in the tail suspension test. No alterations in the elevated plus maze test were registered. Conclusions The essential oil of A. zerumbet leaves had depressant and possible antipsychotic activity, since it could reverse the stereotypy induced by apomorphine, presenting effects comparable with those obtained with haloperidol treatment.     

人乙型肝炎病毒实验感染红面猴初报

选用无自然感染人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的红面猴4只,其中2只实验感染人HBV后,进行血清学检测SGPT(改良赖氏法)、HBV标志物“两对半”(RPHA法、ELISA法、SPRIA法)、HBV-DNA(斑点分子杂交法)、乙肝病毒颗粒(电镜观察);并通过猴肝组织活检进行光、电镜动态病理学观察,以及用组织化学、免疫组化和原位杂交等法检测肝细胞内的HBsAg、HBcAg和HBV-DNA。实验猴SGPT、HBsAg、抗-HBc、抗-HBs、HBV-DVA和Dane颗粒阳性,其中HBsAg阳性持续时间为52和133周;并发现猴肝组织由急性肝炎发展为慢迁肝的病变,与乙肝病人的病变相同,同时在肝细胞内检出HBV标志物。     

Speciosaperoxide,a new triterpene acid,and other terpenoids from Chaenomeles speciosa

Investigation on the EtOH extract of the fruits of Chaenomeles speciosa led to the isolation of a new triterpene acid bearing an unusual hydroperoxyl substitute group at C-11, speciosaperoxide (1), along with six known triterpenoids, 3β-acetoxyurs-11-en-13β,28-olide (2), 3-O-acetyl ursolic acid (3), oleanolic acid (4), ursolic acid (5), masilinic acid (6), and tormentic acid (7), and three known norsesquiterpenoids, roseoside (8), vomifoliol (9) and (6S,7E,9R)-6,9-dihydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one 9-O-[β-d -xylopyranosyl (1 → 6)-glucopyranoside] (10). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data and comparison with reference data. Besides compound 1, compounds 2, 8–10 were obtained from this genus for the first time. None of these compounds exhibited inhibitory activity against T-and B-lymphocyte proliferation.