Reproducibility and diagnostic value of a new method using ratios to diagnose anterior atlanto-axial subluxation on plain radiographs

ObjectivesMeasures on conventional radiography are used to detect, especially in rheumatoid arthritis, upper cervical spine instabilities (CSIs) with the anterior and posterior atlanto-dental intervals (AADI and PADI) measurements. Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and reliability of AADIs and PADIs extrapolated based on ratios in assessing anterior atlanto-axial subluxation (aAAS) when plain radiographs do not allow the measures.MethodsRadiographies of 119 patients were randomly selected. Two blinded observers performed two measurements of the odontoid sagittal diameter (O), axis body base sagittal diameter (C2), AADI, PADI, Clark station and Ranawat index, and the AADI/O, AADI/C2, PADI/O and PADI/C2 ratios were calculated. The diagnostic value of AADI and PADI extrapolated from the AADI/O, AADI/C2, PADI/O and PADI/C2 ratios was evaluated using ROC curves, with AADI > 2.9 mm used as the gold standard.ResultsAmong the 119 patients, 12 patients had aAAS (AADI > 2.9 mm), 6 of them had severe aAAS (AADI > 8.9 mm and/or a PADI < 14 mm), and 6 patients had vertical AAS (Clarks station = 2 or 3 and/or Ranawat index < 13 mm). The AADI extrapolated from the AADI/O and AADI/C2 ratios has excellent intra- and inter-observer reproducibility. The diagnostic value of the extrapolated AADI was high for aAAS (sensitivity 92%; specificity of 100%) and severe aAAS (sensitivity75%; specificity 100%). The diagnostic value of the extrapolated PADI was good but lower than the diagnostic value of the extrapolated AADI.ConclusionExtrapolated AADI can be used instead AADI to detect aAAS and severe aAAS.     

Rosai–Dorfman Disease: A Rare Clinicopathological Presentation and Review of the Literature

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare and self-limiting disease process that presents most commonly in young patients as massive, painless, cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement may also occur. Histopathologic evaluation is the main diagnostic modality. We report an unusual presentation of RDD with cervical lymphadenopathy and an incidentally discovered sinonasal mass, clinically worrisome for malignancy. We emphasize that a high index of clinical suspicion is critical for accurate diagnosis of RDD. Clinicians and pathologists should consider RDD in a differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy, especially in young patients.     

Mechanical dilation to remove incarcerated laminaria during a second trimester abortion

Cervical preparation with laminaria reduces complications with 2nd trimester dilation and evacuation. During a surgical abortion at 22 weeks, we could not remove laminaria manually or with ring forceps due to laminaria “dumbbelling” [1]. Without pushing laminaria into the uterus, we mechanically dilated the cervix and removed the incarcerated laminaria.     

贵阳市高校教师颈椎慢性疼痛现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解贵阳市高校教师颈椎慢性疼痛情况,为高校教师颈椎慢性疼痛方面的医疗卫生服务提供参考依据。 方法 采取单纯随机抽样方法抽出7所公办本科高校,再整群随机抽取部分学院的教师,采用问卷对抽中的教师进行面对面调查。 结果 共调查963名高校教师,检出颈椎慢性疼痛患者360例,颈椎慢性疼痛患病率37.4%。男性患病率为29.9%,女性患病率为42.9%,女性患病率高于男性（〖XC五号.EPSP〗=16.927,P<0.001）。高校教师颈椎慢性疼痛患者的平均疼痛时间3年,女性较男性疼痛时间要长（Z=-2.936,P=0.003）;疼痛最主要类型为酸、胀痛。颈椎疼痛对80%以上的高校教师的日常、睡眠、心情都有轻度以上的影响。多因素分析结果显示,伏案时间（OR=1.247,95%CI:1.035~1.502）和每周运动天数较少:<1天（OR=2.808,95%CI:1.859~4.243）、1~2天（OR=1.750,95%CI:1.207~2.537）、3~4天（OR=1.636,95%CI:1.133~2.363）是高校教师患颈椎慢性疼痛的独立危险因素。 结论 贵阳市高校教师群体颈椎慢性疼痛患病率较高、呈年轻化趋势,疼痛病史较长,女性较男性严重;颈椎慢性疼痛影响患者的睡眠和心情。应关注高校教师颈椎慢性疼痛的防控。     

ACDF钢板固定术与ZERO-P内固定术对颈椎病的疗效比较

目的比较前路ACDF钢板内固定术(A组)与ZERO-P内固定术(B组)治疗单节段颈椎病的疗效。方法对我科2011年6月~2013年1月期间42例颈前路椎间融合术的颈椎病患者进行回顾性分析。评价指标:症状改善、影像学、手术时间及术中出血。结果 38例患者术后获得随访14~28个月,平均22个月。24例A组用时(70±10)分钟,14例B组约为(55±10)分钟,术中出血量均约为40~60ml,两组手术时间差异有统计学意义(0.05),术中出血量差异无统计学意义(0.05)。两组术后JOA和VAS评分,差异有统计学意义(0.05),但同期两者比较差异无统计学意义(0.05)。两组术后X片表现差异无统计学意义(0.05),但术后1年邻近椎体间退变有统计学意义(0.05)。结论两种手术均能获得满意的临床疗效,出血量少,术野清晰,创伤小,术后并发症少。但颈前路ZERO-P内固定术相较于钢板内固定术更有优势,前者在保证同样的手术疗效的同时,且具有手术时间短,暴露范围小,操作简便,确切的固定效果。     

The superior laryngeal nerve loop and its surgical implications

Summary Based upon findings from 60 cadavers (120 sides), the incidence of superior laryngeal nerve loop, connecting the cervical sympathetic chain and the superior laryngeal nerve and its branches, the external and internal laryngeal nerve, was 98.3% (118 out of 120 sides). In most cases the loop connected the sympathetic chain and the external laryngeal nerve. The external laryngeal nerve was looped, and not linear as traditionally thought. The loop could be divided into three categories, V-shaped, U-shaped and mixed, and subdivided into 5 types and 17 subtypes according to morphological variation. The loop without exception innervated not only the cricothyroid muscle, but also the thyroid gland. The loop is one of the origins of the thyroid nerve. It seems that for thyroid surgery the loop, when lower in position, should be carefully separated from the superior thyroid vessels before the latter are ligated, in order to preserve a normal nerve supply to the muscle as well as to the part of the gland that remains after surgery.

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L'anse du nerf larynge supérieur, étude anatomique et applications chirurgicales

Résumé La fréquence d'une anse du nerf laryngé supérieur réalisant une anastomose entre la chaine sympathique cervicale et le nerf laryngé supérieur et/ou ses branches (rameau laryngé externe et ingerne), est de 98,3 % (118/120). Ce résultat s'appuie sur l'étude de 60 cadavres. Dans la plupart des cas, l'anastomose se fait entre la chaine sympathique cervicale et le rameau laryngé externe. Ce rameau laryngé externe a un trajet curviligne et non linéaire conformément aux données classiques. Il existe trois catégories d'anses : en "V", en "U" et mixte ; on peut également les subdiviser en 5 types et 17 sous-types en fonction des variations morphologiques. Cette anse innerve constamment non seulement le muscle cricothyroïdien mais aussi la glande thyroïde dont elle fournit une partie de l'innervation. Lors de la chirurgie thyroïdienne, si l'anse est en position basse, les nerfs doivent être soigneusement disséqués et séparés des vaisseaux thyroïdiens supérieurs avant ligature de ces derniers de façon à conserver l'innervation normale du muscle et de la partie restante de la glande.

     

New technique for posterior intra-articular arthrodesis using a single-block graft in cases of atlantoaxial instability

A new method of posterior C1-2 arthrodesis, derived from the W. V. Cone and G. Bertrand, technique (Montreal, 1970) is described with two modifications: (1) the exact measurements of the ideal graft are determined preoperatively, using CT and a sterilized pasteboard horseshoe-shaped model; (2) in the sitting postion, single occipital block graft was cut out microsurgically, using the preoperative model. After decortication of the graft, posterior arches of C1 and 2, and microsurgical excision of the cartilage of the C1-2 lateral joints, the graft was imbedded into the entire C1-2 space, fixed, and tightened using a braid of nylacap yarn. A case report of rotatory luxation and associated atlantoaxial instability in a 10-year-old girl illustrates the excellent functional results of this technique.Presented at the XVII Annual Meeting of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, Bombay 1989     

宫颈活检组织中单纯疱疹病毒2型(HSV-2)抗原的检测意义

目的　探讨宫颈癌与HSV 2型感染的关系。方法　免疫组化法、ELISA。结果　用免疫组化法对 37例宫颈癌病理标本 ,10例宫颈不典型增生标本和 2 5例慢性宫颈炎标本进行HSV 2抗原的检测。宫颈癌组中有 32例检出HSV 2抗原 ,不典型增生组和慢性宫颈炎组分别有 7份和 9份检出HSV 2抗原。三组的抗原检出率分别是 86 4 %、70 0 0 %和 36 0 0 %。三组间相比较 ,宫颈癌组与慢性宫颈炎组之间 ,不典型增生组与慢性宫颈炎组之间 ,结果均有显著性差异 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,宫颈癌组与不典型增生组抗原阳性率比较 ,差异无显著性 (p >0 .0 5 )。结论　HSV 2感染与宫颈癌有密切关系。     

CD44V6在宫颈癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨CD44V66在宫颈癌中的表达及其意义.方法选取我院1995年2月～1999年4月,从未接受过放射治疗、化学治疗及其他特殊治疗的宫颈癌患者标本60例,其中经手术切除的Ⅰ～Ⅱ期宫颈癌标本37例,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期宫颈癌活检标本23例.同期选取正常宫颈上皮组织标本10例,宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)标本14例.采用免疫组织化学SP法观察各组织标本CD44V6的表达.结果随着由正常宫颈组织向宫颈上皮内瘤样病变乃到宫颈癌的逐步发展,CD44V6的表达逐渐增强,其中正常宫颈组织与宫颈癌间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05);其在宫颈癌病理学分级中的阳性表达率亦有显著差异(P＜0.05),癌细胞分化越差,CD44V6的阳性表达率越高;CD44V6在有淋巴结转移者中的阳性表达率较无淋巴结转移者明显增高(p＜0.05);此外,CD44V6的阳性表达率与宫颈癌的临床分期有关,Ⅰ～Ⅱ期宫颈癌中CD44v6的阳性表达率低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期者,但两者间无显著性差异(p＞0.05).结论CD44V6在宫颈癌的发生、发展及转移过程中发挥着重要作用.