聚乙烯醇在α-Al_2O_3颗粒上的吸附平衡

考察了温度、悬浮液浓度、相对分子质量对聚乙烯醇 ( PVA)在 α- Al2 O3颗粒上吸附的影响 ,实验测定了相对分子质量为 80 0 0 0和 56 0 0的 PVA在 2 88.1 5K、2 98.1 5K和 30 8.1 5K、α- Al2 O3悬浮液质量浓度为 0 .0 5、0 .1 0和 0 .1 5时的吸附等温线 ,用 Langmuir吸附模型对实验数据进行了关联。结果表明 ,吸附量随悬浮液浓度的增加或温度的升高而降低 ,随 PVA相对分子质量的增加而增加。PVA相对分子质量越大 ,其吸附等温线受温度、悬浮液浓度的影响也越大。     

Gastrointestinal absorption of phenytoin from an oil-in-water microemulsion

The absorption profile of phenytoin Na emulsion were examined compared to that of phenytoin suspension after oral administration in the rat. The corn oil-in-water emulsion, particle size of 184±57.8 nm, was prepared using a microfludizer, and phenytoin Na added by shaft homogenizer. The phenytoin emulsion or suspension, 100 mg/kg, were intubated intragastrically using oral dosing needle and blood samples were withdrawn via an indwelling cannula from the conscious rat. Plasma concentrations of phenytoin were measured with HPLC using phenacetin as an internal standard. The plasma concentration versus time data were fitted to a one compartment open model and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the computer program, Boomer. The phenytoin plasma concentrations from the emulsion at each observed time were about 1.5–2 times higher than those from the suspension, significantly at time of 5, 6 and 7 hr after administration. The absorption (k_a) and elimination rate constant (k_e) were not altered significantly, however the AUC increased from 65.6 to 106.7 μg·hr/ml after phenytoin suspension or emulsion oral administration, respectively. From an equilibrium dialysis study, the diffusion rate constant (k_IE) was considerably higher from the phenytoin Na emulsion (0.0439 hr⁻¹) than phenytoin suspension (0.0014 hr⁻¹).     

Successful treatment of tracheomalacia associated with esophageal atresia without a tracheoesophageal fistula by aortopexy: Report of a case

Tracheomalacia (TM) is well known as a complication associated with esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF); however, the occurrence of TM requiring surgical treatment in a patient having EA without a tracheoesophageal fistula has never been reported. We describe herein a rare case of TM associated with EA without TEF. Respiratory distress was caused by compression of the trachea by a severely dilated upper esophageal pouch with weakness of the tracheal wall. Aortopexy was performed, and an excellent postoperative result was achieved.     

Potential anti-anxiety, anti-addictive effects of LY 354740, a selective group II glutamate metabotropic receptors agonist in animal models

Despite there being a lot of biochemical data about metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, our knowledge of the behavioural effects of mGlu receptor agonists/antagonists is still inadequate. LY 354740 is a systemically active agonist of group II mGlu receptors. After peripheral administration, LY 354740 produced anxiolytic-like effects in the conflict drinking test in rats and a four-plate test in mice. It was also found that LY 354740 decreased spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, but did not disturb motor coordination. In behavioural models of depression including the despair test and a tail suspension test, LY 354740 did not produce antidepressant-like effects. LY 354740 inhibited the naloxone-induced symptoms of morphine withdrawal in morphine-dependent mice. The above results indicate that agonists of group II mGlu receptors may play a role in the therapy of anxiety and/or drug-dependence states. The brain sites of action of LY 354740 need to be identified and the mechanism of both the above described effects remains to be elucidated.     

超声搅拌悬浮液进样FAAS法测定铁皮石斛中的微量元素

 目的研究铁皮石斛中微量元素的分析方法。方法样品在(80±2)℃烘干4 h，研磨过200目筛，然后加入0.15%琼脂悬浮液5 mL，用超声搅拌混匀后直接上机测定。结果测定结果与传统湿法一致，t检验表明两者无显著性差异，相对误差小于0.96%。结论该方法简便、快速、准确。     

含药树脂微囊法制备口服缓释混悬液Ⅰ.右美沙芬口服缓释混悬液

采用含药树脂微囊法制备了右美沙芬口服缓释混悬夜，研究了影响含药树脂药物吸附和释放的因素及体外释药和健康志愿者体内的药动学。结果表明该混悬液在服用12h后，尚有101．9ng／m1的有效血药浓度。     

头孢丙烯和头孢克洛治疗呼吸道感染的对照研究

目的 研究头孢丙烯在治疗社区获得性呼吸道感染中有效性和应用价值。方法 2000年4—9月在北京、上海、武汉和大连9家医院进行开放、对照、多中心临床试验，比较头孢丙烯和头孢克洛在治疗社区获得性轻、中度呼吸道感染的临床和细菌学效果及不良反应。结果 共417例(上呼吸道感染227例，下呼吸道感染190例)，头孢丙烯组222例，头孢克洛组195例。两组病人的性别、年龄、发热程度、血白细胞(WBC)与中性粒细胞、病原体种类和构成，均无明显差异(P＞0．05)。治疗上呼吸道感染头孢丙烯组用药500mg，qd；头孢克洛组用药250mg，tid。治疗下呼吸道感染，头孢丙烯500mg，bid头孢克洛组500mg，tid，疗程均为7-14d。头孢丙烯组总有效率(痊愈 有效)在上、下呼吸道感染中分别为94．7％和92．2％，高于头孢克洛组的91．5％和83．0％，但统计检验无显著差异(P＞0．05)。治疗前共分离到病原菌151株(头孢丙烯组86株，头孢克洛组65株)，头孢丙烯组细菌清除率90．8％，高于头孢克洛组的85．5％，但统计检验也无显著差异。肺炎链球菌、溶血性链球菌、流感与副流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌对头孢丙烯和头孢克洛的敏感性均较高，分别为90．9％一100．0％和91．9％一100．0％。头孢丙烯和头孢克洛组不良反应发生率低(5．9％对4．6％，P＞0．05)，主要为胃肠道反应。用药后随访肝功能292例，肾功能295例，两组均未发现明显肝、肾功能异常。结论 头孢丙烯对社区感染常见病原菌具有良好的抗菌活性，临床效果佳、细菌清除率高、不良反应少，是治疗轻、中度社区获得性呼吸道感染的一线抗菌药物。     

Simplification of laparoscopic extraperitoneal colposuspension: Results of two-port technique

Purpose: The aims of the present prospective study were to apply a new simplification for Laparoscopic Burch Colposuspension and to assess the postoperative results of this treatment modality for stress urinary incontinence.Materials and methods: Twenty-four patients underwent simplified laparoscopic procedure via two ports, utilising endoscopic tacker and two stripes of prolene mesh. Patients were evaluated for operative time,duration of urethral catheter, length of hospital stay, complications and continence status.Results: The technique was successful in 21 patients after 24 months follow-up. Average operative time was 39 minutes. The lengths of urethral catheterisation and hospital stay were 22 and 45 hours, respectively. One operative complication and three postoperative recurrences were recorded.Conclusion: Laparoscopic bladder neck suspension continues to develop as the instruments and techniques are improved. In carefully evaluated patients, it provides safe and minimally invasive procedure. We report the results of a new technique to simplify and speed up a laparoscopic extraperitoneal colposuspension. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Magnetically suspended rotary blood pump with radial type combined motor-bearing

A magnetically suspended centrifugal blood pump is being developed with a combined motor-bearing for long-term ventricular assist systems. The combined motor-bearing actively suspends a rotor in a radial direction to deal with radial force unbalance in the pump and rotates the rotor by using the electric magnetic field. Therefore, the pump has no mechanical parts such as bearings of the motor and has a long lifetime. The developed pump consists of a thin rotor with a semi open-type 6 vane impeller and a stator to suspend and rotate the rotor. The rotor has 4-pole permanent magnets on the circumferential surface. The outer diameter and the thickness of the rotor are 60 mm and 8 mm, respectively. Axial movement and tilt of the rotor are restricted by passive stability based on the thin rotor structure. Radial movements of the rotor, such as levitation in radial direction and rotation, are controlled actively by using electric magnets of the stator. The electric magnet coils to produce levitation and rotation forces are constructed on the periphery stator. The p +/- 2-pole algorithm and the synchronous motor mechanism are adopted to levitate and rotate the rotor. The radial gap between the rotor and the stator is 1 mm. A closed-loop circuit filled with water was connected to the developed pump to examine the basic performance of the pump and the magnetic suspension system. Maximum rotational speed, flow rate, and head were 2,800 rpm, 11 L/min, and 270 mm Hg, respectively. The rotor with the impeller could be suspended completely during the entire pumping process. We conclude the pump with the combined motor-bearing has sufficient performance for the blood pump.