长春花内生真菌的分离及其发酵产生药用成分的初步研究

首次报道从长春花 Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don茎的韧皮部中分离出尖孢镰刀菌Fusariumoxysporum, 为该植物的一种内生真菌, 并用 TLC和 HPLC对该菌的97CG₃菌株培养物进行了分析, 初步结果表明该真菌能产生抗癌药长春新碱成分。     

高速逆流色谱法分离纯化长春花中长春新碱

目的采用高速逆流色谱(HSCCC)分离纯化长春花中长春新碱,建立相关工艺条件,为工业生产提供参考数据。方法采用高速逆流色谱仪,氯仿-甲醇-0.3mol.L-1 HCl(4∶3∶2)溶剂体系,上相为固定相,下相为流动相,流动相流速为2.0mL.min-1,紫外检测波长为280nm,主机转速为800r.min-1,恒温循环温度为28℃。结果 HPLC检测HSCCC纯化后长春新碱质量分数为79.7%。结论高速逆流色谱纯化长春花中长春新碱容量大、分离纯度和效率高,避免了有机溶剂的大量使用,适用于工业生产高纯度产品。     

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaves of Catharanthus roseus Linn. G. Don and their antiplasmodial activities

Objective

To develop a novel approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaves extracts of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) Linn. G. Don which has been proven active against malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum).

Methods

Characterizations were determined by using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction.

Results

SEM showed the formation of silver nanoparticles with an average size of 35–55 nm. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the particles were crystalline in nature with face centred cubic structure of the bulk silver with the broad peaks at 32.4, 46.4 and 28.0.

Conclusions

It can be concluded that the leaves of C. roseus can be good source for synthesis of silver nanoparticle which shows antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum. The important outcome of the study will be the development of value added products from medicinal plants C. roseus for biomedical and nanotechnology based industries.     

长春花叶片中吲哚生物碱增产的研究

目的探讨乙烯利、乙酰水杨酸、色氨酸3种试剂对长春花植株中药用成分积累的影响。方法用不同质量浓度的3种试剂溶液分别处理温室盆栽长春花植株,2d后,测定叶片中的总吲哚生物碱含量,并采用RP-HPLC法测定长春碱和长春质碱的含量。结果3种试剂处理后吲哚总碱、长春碱、长春质碱的积累均有明显的提高,并确定了最适的处理质量浓度。结论3种试剂对长春花植物中吲哚生物碱的产生有明显的促进作用。     

MODULATION BY ACANTHOSPERMUM AUSTRALE EXTRACTS OF THE TUMOR INDUCED HEMATOPOIETIC CHANGES IN MICE

ABSTRACT

Previous studies on the Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) model indicate that tumor progression is associated with reduced myelopoiesis and increased extramedullar hematopoiesis. In order to investigate the in vivo antitumor activity of Acanthospermum australe, its hydroalcoholic extract was partitioned with different solvents and the resulting extracts were monitored by their effects on bone marrow and spleen hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation in EAT-bearing mice. Oral treatment of tumor-bearing mice with 3 doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the crude hydroalcoholic extract and its chloroformic, butanolic and aqueous fractions significantly stimulated myelepoiesis and brought extramedullar hematopoiesis back to near control values. In normal mice, stimulation of myelopoiesis was only observed with the crude and the butanolic extracts. All the extracts at 500 mg/kg significantly increased survival of tumor-bearing mice, however a clear survival advantage in the group treated with the butanolic extract was observed. These results suggest that A. australe may exert effects on myelopoiesis that may be implicated in antitumor immune responses.     

提高长春花冠瘿细胞中吲哚生物碱含量的研究

研究了长春花冠瘿细胞接种物年龄与接种量对悬浮物培养细胞生物产量的影响,探讨了以大丽花轮枝孢菌的匀浆物为外源刺激物处理冠瘿细胞,对细胞生长和吲哚生物碱积累的作用,确立了外源刺激物产生效应的最适条件。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定长春花组织培养物中吲哚生物碱含量

目的:定量测定长春花组织培养物中的吲哚生物碱含量。方法:用反相高效液相色谱法和紫外检测器测定了长春花组织培养物中吲哚生物碱的含量。分析柱:Nucleosil5C18柱,流动相:甲醇—乙腈—0.025mol·L^-1乙酸铵—三乙胺(15∶40∶45∶0.1),检测波长:280nm,流速:1mL·min^-1。结果:色胺、蛇根碱、阿吗碱、文多灵和长春质碱的回收率分别是94.5%,95.9%,96.0%,97.0%和98.2%;平均日内精密度RSD均小于2%,日间精密度RSD均小于3%。结论:此法可有效分离和测定长春花组织培养物中吲哚生物碱含量,为进行细胞工程生产长春花生物碱提供了准确、灵敏、可靠的分析方法。     

Volatile composition of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

A total of 88 volatile and semi-volatile components were formally or tentatively identified in flowers, leaves and stems of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (cv. Little Bright Eye), by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and by dichloromethane extraction, combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). These include some diterpenic compounds (manool and manoyl oxides), a sesquiterpen (α-bisabolol), and some pyridine, pyrazine, indol and carotenoid derivatives. Applying multivariate analysis (principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchic cluster analysis) to the HS-SPME–GC–MS data, it was possible to characterize each part of the vegetal material using a relative small number of compounds. Hence, flowers were richer in terpenic molecules (including limonene), α-bisabolol, methyljasmonate, cis-jasmone, 2-phenylethanol, phenylacetaldehyde, trans-2-octenal, benzylic alcohol and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine. Leaves can be characterized by the methyl and propyl esters of fatty acids, mono- and disaturated, trans-phytol, carotenoid derivative compounds, hydrofarnesylacetone, methylanthranilate, manool and epi-manool oxide, while stems have high levels of volatile aldehydes, such as hexanal, octanal, cis-2-nonenal, cis-2-decenal, cis, trans-2,6-nonadienal, trans, trans-2,4-decadienal and cis, trans-2,4-decadienal. Dichloromethane extraction allowed also the identification of some alkaloid-like compounds that were not detected by HS-SPME.     

长春花毛状根再生植株的获得及抗癌生物碱的产生

目的建立长春花转基因毛状根再生植株快速繁育体系,获得生物碱量提高的长春花再生植株。方法研究外源植物生长调节剂对长春花毛状根愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化、不定根分化和再生植株移栽的影响,采用HPLC法测定长春花再生植株生物碱量,并采用定量PCR技术分析目的基因的表达情况。结果转基因长春花毛状根愈伤组织诱导和不定芽诱导的最佳培养基均是MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L,不定根分化的最适培养基是1/2 MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L。采用炼苗的改进方法可使长春花再生植株的移栽成活率达90%。HPLC分析结果表明,长春花再生植株中长春碱、长春新碱和阿吗碱量分别比对照提高4.0、5.8、1.8倍,其中,优良单株OG30-3的长春新碱和长春碱量比对照提高7倍和10倍。定量PCR分析结果表明,转基因植株orca3基因和g10h基因的表达量比非转基因植株的高。结论转基因长春花毛状根再生植株可促进抗癌生物碱的产生。