一测多评法测定香鳞毛蕨有效部位中10种间苯三酚类成分

目的建立香鳞毛蕨DryopterisFragrans有效部位中10种间苯三酚类成分的一测多评测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,以绵马素BB为内参物,测定其与绵马素PB、绵马素AB、黄绵马酸BB、田基黄绵马酸A、黄绵马酸PB、异黄绵马酸PB、黄绵马酸AB、Compound VI和绵马酚B的相对校正因子,采用相对校正因子计算这9种间苯三酚成分的量,实现一测多评。同时采用外标法测定有效部位中该10种成分的量,并比较2种测定方法的差异,以验证一测多评法的可行性和准确性。结果各相对校正因子重复性良好,12批有效部位中10种间苯三酚成分量的计算值与实测值无显著性差异。结论在缺少对照品的情况下,以绵马素BB为内参物,建立的一测多评法可用于香鳞毛蕨有效部位的定量分析,为香鳞毛蕨多指标成分质量评价提供参考。     

香青兰总黄酮对血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导血管平滑肌细胞黏附分子及基质金属蛋白酶表达的影响

目的：研究香青兰总黄酮对血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）诱导的大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）黏附分子及基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）表达的影响。方法：采用贴壁法培养大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌细胞,以AngⅡ为诱导剂,建立VSMC细胞增殖的模型,分别应用10^-7 mol·L^-1AngⅡ以及AngⅡ+不同浓度香青兰总黄酮组（25,50,100 μg·mL^-1）作用24 h,并设空白对照组进行比较。采用免疫组化法检测细胞中细胞间黏附分子（ICAM-1）、血管间黏附分子（VCAM-1）的表达水平。RT-PCR方法检测细胞MMP-2、MMP-9的mRNA表达水平。结果：与对照组比较,AngⅡ组能显著刺激大鼠VSMC细胞内ICAM-1、VCAM-1、MMP-2、MMP-9的表达,香青兰总黄酮不同剂量组联合AngⅡ可在一定程度上抑制AngⅡ诱导的VSMC细胞内ICAM-1、VCAM-1、MMP-2、MMP-9的表达,且呈现一定的剂量依赖关系趋势。结论：香青兰总黄酮具有抑制AngⅡ诱导VSMC黏附分子及基质金属蛋白酶表达的作用。     

从银杏叶中制备聚戊烯乙酸酯

目的：研究银杏聚戊烯乙酸酯的制备技术,方法：以石油醚为提取溶剂,获得的石油醚浸膏经硅胶吸附能除去大部分极性较大的杂质;再经制备TLC分离、脱蜡、制备TLC纯化得到聚戊烯乙酸酯同系物的混合物,结果经HPLC外标法测定其同系物的纯度为84％。结论：该方法简易行,大大降低了工作量。     

人工培养蛹虫草高效液相色谱指纹图谱的初步研究

目的建立人工蛹虫草药材的高效液相色谱指纹图谱。方法利用Agilent ZOBAXSB-AqC18(250mm×4.0mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇5%～60%为流动相梯度洗脱,分析时间30min,检测波长260nm,进样量1μL,体积流量1.0mL/min;对样品超声提取条件以及流动相、检测波长等色谱条件进行了系统优化设计。结果建立的指纹图谱中有11个共有峰,且方法学考察符合规定的标准,并以"中药色谱图分析和数据管理系统"软件对11个人工蛹虫草样品进行了相似度评价。结论该法准确简便,可作为控制人工蛹虫草药材内在质量的有效手段。     

浙贝母和平贝母中淀粉的结晶学、形态学和热性质研究及与马铃薯淀粉的比较

目的为了能够更加充分了解贝母属药用植物,通过各种分析方法对两种贝母——浙贝母和平贝母中所包含的淀粉的物理化学性质进行了研究。方法采用X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及热分析(TGA)的方法对两种贝母中淀粉的性质进行了比较。结果通过研究发现,两种贝母淀粉的晶体类型都为典型的B型,这与马铃薯淀粉的晶体类型是一致的。浙贝母和平贝母淀粉的结晶度分别为29.9%和20.1%,而马铃薯淀粉的结晶度为44.9%。从两种贝母淀粉的结晶度可以看出,平贝母淀粉中直链淀粉的量要高于浙贝母淀粉中直链淀粉的量。两种贝母淀粉的颗粒尺寸为5~40μm,而且他们都小于马铃薯淀粉的颗粒尺寸。两种贝母淀粉颗粒的形状是圆形的和椭圆形的。热稳定性表明由于植物来源的不同导致淀粉颗粒结构不同,从而热稳定性存在明显的差异。结论两种贝母淀粉由于来源不同,物理化学性质存在明显的差异。     

Coronary angiographic morphology in myocardial infarction: a link between the pathogenesis of unstable angina and myocardial infarction

It has previously been shown that analysis of coronary morphology can separate unstable from stable angina. An eccentric stenosis with a narrow neck or irregular borders, or both, is very common in patients who present with acute unstable angina, whereas it is rare in patients with stable angina. To extend these observations to myocardial infarction, the coronary morphology of 41 patients with acute or recent infarction and nontotally occluded infarct vessels was studied. For all patients, 27 (66%) of 41 infarct vessels contained this eccentric narrowing, whereas only 2 (11%) of 18 noninfarct vessels with narrowing of 50 to less than 100% had this lesion (p less than 0.001). In addition, a separate group of patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent intracoronary streptokinase infusion were also analyzed in similar fashion. Fourteen (61%) of 23 infarct vessels contained this lesion after streptokinase infusion compared with 1 (9%) of 11 noninfarct vessels with narrowing of 50 to less than 100% (p less than 0.01). Therefore, an eccentric coronary stenosis with a narrow neck or irregular borders, or both, is the most common morphologic feature on angiography in both acute and recent infarction as well as unstable angina. This lesion probably represents either a disrupted atherosclerotic plaque or a partially occlusive or lysed thrombus, or both. The predominance of this morphology in both unstable angina and acute infarction suggests a possible link between these two conditions. Unstable angina and myocardial infarction may form a continuous spectrum with the clinical outcome dependent on the subsequent change in coronary supply relative to myocardial demand.     

Role of technology in controlling health care costs

The objectives of medical technology are to define basic knowledge about the function of the body and to aid in making patients better. Because the escalation of costs for advanced technology has been dramatic, it has been labelled one of the culprits for the great increases in health care costs in the past decade. Yet technology can improve the quality of care while providing mechanisms for lowering costs. Such an approach requires improved productivity. Several approaches to improve productivity, with emphasis on the electronic and computer revolution that has been brought to medicine, are discussed. In addition, it is suggested that the use of technology gives medical staff more time to meet the personal needs of patients.     

Apolipoprotein AI and AII metabolism in patients with primary high-density lipoprotein deficiency associated with familial hypertriglyceridemia

Plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and their major proteins--apolipoprotein (apo) AI and apo AII--are subnormal in most patients with familial hypertriglyceridemia. However, the pathophysiology of low-plasma apo AI and apo AII is unclear. The kinetic parameters (turnover) of HDL apo AI and apo AII were studied in six lean patients with primary HDL deficiency associated with familial hypertriglyceridemia and five normolipidemic controls. Autologous 125I labeled HDL were injected intravenously (IV; 25 microCi) and blood samples drawn ten minutes after the injection and periodically thereafter for 12 days. Urine samples were collected daily and their radioactivity measured. Kinetic parameters were calculated from the area under the decay curve using three exponentials. Mean plasma apo AI and apo AII were significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in patients than normals (70.4 +/- 2.7 v 106.9 +/- 7.0; 24.2 +/- 1.6 v 39.2 +/- 0.9 mg/dL, respectively). The mean fractional catabolic rates (FCR) obtained from plasma 125I-HDL, apo AI, apo AII radioactivity decay curves and by Berson and Yalow's method (urine/plasma radioactivity ratios) were significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in patients than in controls (0.387 v 0.299; 0.391 v 0.309; 0.361 v 0.275; 0.272 v 0.207/d; respectively). The mean synthetic rates (SR) of apo AI and apo AII were significantly lower in patients than in controls (11.12 v 14.17 mg/kg body weight/d, P less than 0.05; 3.53 v 4.68 mg/kg body weight/d, P less than 0.05, respectively). In vitro lipolysis of triglyceride (TG) rich lipoproteins by bovine lipoprotein lipase, and measurement of hepatic TG lipase and lipoprotein lipase in postheparin plasma were similar in patients and controls, indicating no abnormality in these factors that are linked to HDL and TG catabolism. However, a significant positive correlation between hepatic TG lipase and the FCR of apo AI and apo AII was found. The data suggest that in this series of patients with HDL deficiency the low plasma HDL-cholesterol, apo AI, and apo AII levels resulted from decreased synthesis and an increased fractional catabolic rate of apo AI and apo AII, the major proteins of HDL.     

Alterations in cardiac composition with weight reduction in the obese rat

Alterations in myocardial composition associated with obesity and weight reduction have been examined in the spontaneously obese rat. When compared to values obtained from obese animals, body weight reduction was associated with a significant decrease in body fat, heart weight, and absolute left ventricular mass. Compositional analysis indicated that protein, lipid, and water together accounted for approximately 98% of total heart weight, and that while each component decreased with weight reduction, decreased myocardial water content represented the largest contribution to the reduced total heart weight. These data therefore suggest that the cardiomegaly of obesity is contributed to by specific changes in myocardial composition which can be altered through body weight reduction.     

左旋精氨酸对离体兔肺脏保存质量的影响

目的　观察左旋精氨酸（ＬＡｒｇｉｎｉｎｅ,ＬＡｒｇ） 对离体兔肺脏保存的保护作用。　方法　３０ 只健康家兔随机分成对照组和左旋精氨酸组（ＬＡｒｇ 组） ,每组１５ 只,对照组兔肺脏给予Ｅｕｒｏｃｏｌｌｉｎｓ 液进行灌注,ＬＡｒｇ 组给予含ＬＡｒｇ的Ｅｕｒｏｃｏｌｌｉｎｓ 液进行灌注,灌注总量６０ｍｌ／ｋｇ ,灌注压力１ ．９６ｋＰａ（２０ｃｍ Ｈ２ Ｏ） ,灌注完毕整取下心肺组织浸入４ ℃保存液中冷藏,７ 小时后取肺进行离体复灌,测定肺血管阻力、血气分析、肺血管对乙酰胆碱舒血管反应性、肺组织湿／ 干重比例及肺组织电子显微镜检查等指标。　结果　对照组肺血管阻力、肺组织湿／ 干重比例均高于ＬＡｒｇ 组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,肺血管对乙酰胆碱反应性对照组较ＬＡｒｇ 组差, 血气分析肺静脉血氧分压对照组下降明显（ Ｐ ＜ ０－０１） ,ＬＡｒｇ 组肺组织形态轻微改变,而对照组肺组织水肿明显、渗出严重。　结论　ＬＡｒｇ具有改善离体兔肺脏的保存效果。