THE INCREASE OF FEMORAL ARTERIAL FLOW BY STIMULATING THE DORSAL AND VENTRAL MEDULLA IN CATS

1. In chloralose-urethane anaesthetized cats, the dorsal cardiovascular reactive area (DCRA) in the parvocellular reticular nucleus dorsomedial to the facial nucleus, and the ventral cardiovascular reactive area (VCRA) ventromedial to the facial nucleus, were stimulated by microinjections of sodium glutamate (100–200 nmol) or electric current. 2. Stimulation of DCRA, with a long latency of 15–20 s, elicited a marked increase of blood flow in the contralateral femoral artery with little change to moderate increase in systemic arterial blood pressure (ABP). In the relatively dorsal portion of DCRA, however, a smaller increase of blood flow in the ipsilateral femoral artery was elicited. 3. On the other hand, stimulation of VCRA with a short latency (3–5 s) evoked an increase of blood flow in both femoral arteries which was more prominent on the contralateral side. The responses were accompanied with decreases in the blood flow of other vascular beds with only a slight increase or minimal change in ABP. 4. The data suggest that DCRA and VCRA are both viscerotopically organized to alter the resistance of individual vascular beds for redistribution of blood flow.     

DIFFERENCES IN ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXATION IN VARIOUS ARTERIES FROM WATANABE HERITABLE HYPERLIPIDAEMIC RABBITS WITH INCREASING AGE

1. Endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine (ACh) and the calcium ionophore A 23187 was examined in aorta, coronary, basilar and renal arteries isolated from Watanabe heritable hyperlipidaemic (WHHL) rabbits of 2, 6 and 12 months of age, with normolipidaemic heterozygous WHHL rabbits as controls. 2. In the rings of WHHL rabbit aortae and coronary arteries preconstricted with vasoconstrictors, endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to ACh was attenuated with age compared to the heterozygous WHHL rabbits. A significant negative correlation was found between the total cholesterol content and the relaxation response to ACh in the aortae or coronary arteries from 6 and 12 month old WHHL rabbits. 3. In the rings of basilar arteries, endothelium-dependent relaxations to ACh were not modified with age. Similarly, in the rings of renal arteries, the relaxation response to ACh was not changed with age, but in the 6 and 12 month preparations, after the age of 6 months, a contraction following the relaxation appeared at higher concentrations of ACh (10^?7 to 10^?6 mol/L). The contraction was endothelium-dependent and inhibited by indomethacin. 4. A 23187-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations were also markedly attenuated in the aorta and significantly in the coronary artery with age. 5. Endothelium-independent relaxation to sodium nitroprusside was not changed in all arteries from WHHL rabbits of different ages. 6. These findings indicate that in the aorta and coronary artery of the WHHL rabbit, the endothelium-dependent relaxation to ACh and A 23187 becomes impaired with increasing age (i.e., with the progression of cholesterol deposition in the arterial wall) but is preserved in the basilar and renal artery.     

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ENALAPRILAT AND SELECTED α-ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAGONISTS IN ISOLATED RAT TAIL ARTERIES

1. Isolated perfused rat tail artery preparations were used to investigate the effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalaprilat on the actions of a series of α-adrenoceptor antagonists. The agonist used was phenylephrine. 2. Enalaprilat (1 μmol/L) potentiated the competitive α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist actions of phentolamine (10–100 nmol/L) and yohimbine (0.3–3.0 μmol/L) as well as the non-competitive antagonist action of phenoxybenzamine (50–100 pmol/L). 3. The competitive α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist action of prazosin (1–10 nmol/L) was not affected by enalaprilat. 4. For the competitive α₁-adrenoceptor antagonists, including prazosin, there appeared to be an inverse relationship between antagonist potency and the extent of potentiation by enalaprilat. 5. The results support the hypothesis and angiotensin II modulates vascular smooth muscle α₁-adrenoceptor function.     

Observation on 108 Normal Ophthalmic Arteries in 80 Patients by Digital Subtraction Angiography

By digital subtraction angiography(DSA), the authors made observations on 108 normal ophthalmic arteries in 80 patients with regard to the origins, courses, branching, morphology and anastomoses of the vessels. The merits and demerits of DSA in observing the ophthalmic artery were discussed. Eye Science 1994; 10: 157- 162.     

汽车驾驶员心电多相频谱分析

对１１７例汽车司机应用ＨＢＤ－１心电多信息诊断仪进行心电多相频谱分析，其功率谱，传递相移，幅度直方图等五项指标总分阳性率明显高于对照组，随着驾车年限的增加，总分阳性率有升高趋势，心电频谱分析对２３０例冠心病病人阳性检出率８４．７８％。研究认为汽车司机是易发高血压，冠心病的危险人群，该方法在冠心病的环境流行病学研究中具有重要的临床，亚临床意义。     

妇产科髂内动脉结扎术21例分析

髂内动脉结扎术是控制妇产科手术中大出血的有效措施。本文收集此类患者２１例，行双侧髂内动脉结扎１５例，单侧６例，均达到了满意的止血效果。笔者介绍了馆内动脉结扎术的方法和临床应用，以及预防髂内静脉损伤和误扎髂多外动脉的具体措施。着重提出髂内动脉结扎后再局部止血才能完全控制盆腔大出血。     

REOPERATION FOR RECURRENT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: RESULTS OF 200 CONSECUTIVE CASES

Background : It is well known that reoperation for recurrent coronary artery disease is more difficult than primary coronary artery bypass grafting. However, it is possible to reduce the morbidity and mortality of reoperation to the same level as the initial procedure with careful surgical technique. Methods : A retrospective study of the first 200 patients who underwent redo coronary bypass grafting was undertaken. Results : In the first 200 cases of redo coronary bypass grafting at St George Hospital, Sydney (August 1986–January 1995), there were five in-hospital deaths (2.5%). There was one case of sternal infection (0.5%), which required surgical debridement, three cases of stroke (1.5%), one case of postoperative bleeding (0.5%), which required a return to theatre and six cases (3%) required mechanical ventilation for more than 24h. The need for major postoperative support (such as intra-aortic balloon pumping/adrenaline infusion) was significantly affected by the degree of urgency and the degree of pre-operative ventricular impairment. Conclusions : The mortality rate of redo coronary artery bypass grafting in this series is similar to that of primary surgery described in other reports.     

Stenting of the left carotid artery to relieve anginal symptoms.

Stenting of the carotid artery is usually performed either to prevent an acute neurologic event or to treat episodes of recurrent transient ischemic attacks. Occasionally, it may be performed for other indications. We describe the case of a patient with prior coronary artery bypass grafting using a left internal mammary arterial graft, in addition to left carotid artery to left subclavian artery bypass for symptomatic left subclavian stenosis, who subsequently underwent left common carotid artery stenting to relieve anginal symptoms.     

蜂毒素微球经动脉介入治疗大鼠肝癌的实验研究

目的:观察蜂毒素微球(M-MS)经动脉介入对大鼠肝癌的治疗作用.方法:采用改良的复乳-液中干燥法制备蜂毒素-聚乳酸/羟乙酸微球,建立大鼠移植性肝癌模型并随机分为四组,分别经肝动脉灌注生理盐水(NS,1.5ml/kg)、蜂毒素(Melittin,0.35mg/kg)、空白微球(B-MS,10mg/kg)和蜂毒素-聚乳酸/羟乙酸微球(10mg/kg).比较治疗后各组大鼠的肿瘤生长情况、肿瘤坏死程度和生存时间.结果:与生理盐水组比较,Melittin组、B-MS组肿瘤生长受到明显抑制(P<0.01),肿瘤坏死程度以轻中度为主,但两组动物生存时间均未能明显延长(P>0.05).M-MS组与NS组、Melittin组及B-MS组相比,肿瘤生长抑制显著(P<0.01),肿瘤坏死更广泛、更彻底,且经蜂毒素微球治疗的大鼠生存期显著延长(P<0.01).结论:蜂毒素以药物微球的剂型经肝动脉给药,抗肿瘤效果明显优于单纯的蜂毒素和空白微球.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断飞行员左冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘一例并文献复习

目的 探讨冠状动脉瘘的影像特征、鉴别诊断及彩色多普勒超声在飞行员改装体检中的医学鉴定价值.方法 分析1例飞行员左冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘超声图像特征并复习相关文献.探讨应用彩色多普勒超声检查在飞行员改装体检中的必要性.结果 彩色多普勒超声显示心底部心肌间走行迂曲的异常血流束,经主肺动脉外侧壁注入肺动脉内.超声诊断:左冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘.飞行结论:改装并原机种飞行不合格结论彩色多普勒超声检查能清晰显示冠状动脉瘘,并能追踪观察其走行、部位、内径和大小,超声诊断与冠状动脉造影结果相符.冠状动脉瘘早期无特异性临床表现,彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断冠状动脉瘘直接、安全、快捷,具有重要的临床价值,是明确诊断的首选方法.