响应面法优化超声提取波罗蜜叶中总黄酮的工艺

目的:以乙醇为提取剂,用超声辅助法从波罗蜜叶中提取总黄酮。方法:通过单因素试验分别考察乙醇体积分数、浸提时间和液料比对波罗蜜黄酮提取量的影响,确定各因素的适宜水平。在此基础上,利用Design-Ex-pert软件Box-Behnken中心组合设计法设计响应面分析乙醇体积分数、超声时间和液料比3个因素对总黄酮提取率的影响,并通过方差分析回归建立数学模型。结果:波罗蜜叶黄酮超声提取的最佳工艺为:乙醇体积分数为69.4%,超声32 min,液料比为22.6∶1 mL/g,在此条件下,黄酮提取量达到7.55 mg/g。结论:Box-Behnken设计结合响应面分析法可以很好地对波罗蜜叶总黄酮超声提取工艺进行优化。     

维药小新塔花和芳香新塔花的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立小新塔花和芳香新塔花的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,并同时测定8批小新塔花和22批芳香新塔花中金丝桃苷、槲皮素、胡薄荷酮的量.方法 采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-0.08％甲酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱,同时测定了小新塔花和芳香新塔花中金丝桃苷、槲皮素、胡薄荷酮的量,建立了不同产地8批小新塔花和22批芳香新塔花的指纹图谱.结果 根据主成分分析、聚类分析,将30批药材分为2类,建立了2种新塔花的HPLC指纹图谱.不同产地的2种新塔花中金丝桃苷、槲皮素和胡薄荷酮等成分的量存在较大差异;芳香新塔花不含槲皮素,而小新塔花中含有;芳香新塔花中的金丝桃苷和胡薄荷酮量高于小新塔花;小新塔花中金丝桃苷量为49.72～204.33 μg/g,槲皮素量为161.06～213.22μg/g,胡薄荷酮量为36.19～93.29 μg/g;芳香新塔花中金丝桃苷量为174.15～802.24μg/g,胡薄荷酮量为77.43～353.45 μg/g.结论 不同品种的新塔花指纹图谱存在一定的差异,可为新塔花药材的质量控制、品种鉴定及划分提供一定的参考依据.     

Two new lignan glycosides from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis

Two new lignan glycosides, 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (cuscutoside C, 1) and 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (cuscutoside D, 2), were isolated from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis Lam., along with six known compounds, 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (cuscutoside A, 4), kaempferol 3,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 5-caffeoyl quinic acid (6), 4-caffeoyl quinic acid (7), and cinnamic acid (8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including HR-ESI-MS, ESI-MS/MS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and TOCSY.     

Caragin,a new isoflavone from Caragana conferta

Caragin (1), a new isoflavone, has been isolated from the hexane soluble fraction of Caragana conferta along with docosyl-3,4 -dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate (2) and tetracosyl-3,4 -dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate (3) isolated for the first time from this species.     

小叶锦鸡儿的HPLC指纹图谱

[目的]建立小叶锦鸡儿的HPLC指纹图谱．[方法]以YMC—PackODS—A为色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0．4％（体积分数）磷酸水梯度洗脱,体积流量为1．0mL／min,检测波长为254nm．[结果]建立了小叶锦鸡儿的HPLC指纹图谱,确定了14个共有峰,共有峰相对保留时间的RSD为0．59％～2．32％,相对峰面积的RSD为18．57％～58．24％,10批样品的相似度均大于0．85．[结论]所用方法简便可靠,可用于小叶锦鸡儿的质量控制．     

小叶锦鸡儿提取物对大鼠实验性心律失常的影响

目的研究小叶锦鸡儿正丁醇提取物对药物诱发大鼠实验性心律失常的影响。方法制备乌头碱、氯化钡(BaCl2)诱发大鼠实验性心律失常模型,将大鼠分为生理盐水对照组、阳性对照组和100、50 mg.kg-1小叶锦鸡儿正丁醇提取物组,分别于舌下静脉给药1次,记录给予乌头碱后出现室性早搏(VP)、室性心动过速(VT)、心室颤动(VF)时乌头碱的用量;记录给予BaCl2后心律失常出现的时间和维持的时间。结果小叶锦鸡儿正丁醇提取物的两个剂量可明显提高乌头碱所致大鼠发生的VP、VT、VF的用量;延长BaCl2诱发大鼠心律失常的出现时间,缩短维持时间。结论小叶锦鸡儿正丁醇提取物具有一定抗大鼠实验性心律失常的作用。     

芳香新塔花化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的为进一步开发利用芳香新塔花(Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.)植物资源提供依据。方法采用反复硅胶柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶LH-20柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱等方法分离纯化,并通过理化常数测定与波谱分析鉴定化学结构。结果从芳香新塔花的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了7个化合物,分别为槲皮素(quercetin,1),槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2)、迷迭香酸甲酯(methyl rosmarinate,3),迷迭香酸(rosmarinic acid,4),3-(3′,4′-二羟基苯基)-乳酸甲酯(3-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)methyl lactate,5),原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid,6),半乳糖醇(galactitol,7)。结论化合物2~7为首次从新塔花属植物中分离得到。     

甘薯黄酮对CCl4所致肝细胞损伤的保护作用

目的研究甘薯黄酮对CCl4所致肝细胞损伤的保护作用及其初步作用机制。方法体外培养人正常肝细胞株HL7702,MTT法测定甘薯黄酮对HL7702细胞活性的影响;建立CCl4损伤肝细胞模型,测定甘薯黄酮对CCl4损伤肝细胞增殖活性、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量的变化;琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测甘薯黄酮对CCl4损伤肝细胞凋亡的影响。结果甘薯黄酮在一定剂量范围(1～1 000μg/ml)内对肝细胞无毒性,超过一定剂量(3 000μg/ml)时,具有细胞毒性;甘薯黄酮可以抑制CCl4所致肝细胞活性降低,能明显抑制CCl4损伤后ALT、AST、MDA水平的升高和SOD活性的减弱;400μg/ml甘薯黄酮能减轻CCl4所致的肝细胞凋亡。结论甘薯黄酮对体外培养正常人肝细胞株的安全剂量范围是1～1 000μg/ml。甘薯黄酮在安全剂量范围内能保护CCl4诱导的HL7702细胞损伤,减轻CCl4所致细胞凋亡。     

Three Steroidal Alkaloids from Buxus microphylla

Abstract

Three new steroidal alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves and stems of Buxus microphylla Sieb et Zucc. They are buxmicrophylline B, C and D. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of the spectral data.     

Angiographic correlates of recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia in chronic ischemic heart disease

We report the angiographic studies of 53 consecutive patients with angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) and recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia occurring at least 6 weeks remote from an acute myocardial infarction. Triple-vessel disease was present in 25 patients (47%), double-vessel disease in 19 patients (36%), and single-vessel disease in nine patients (17%). All patients with single-vessel disease had left anterior descending coronary artery obstruction. Patients under 50 years old had significantly fewer diseased vessels than those over 50 years old (1.4 vs 2.4 vessels diseased; p less than 0.025). Left ventricular ejection fraction ranged from 0.15 to 0.61 (mean 0.34 +/- 0.11) and was 0.25 or less in 14 patients (26%). All patients had regional wall motion abnormalities. There was akinesia and/or dyskinesia in 49 patients (92%). Akinesia or dyskinesia was inferior in 17 patients (32%), anteroapical in 14 patients (26%), inferoapical in 10 patients (19%), and anteroapicoinferior in 6 patients (11%). Involvement of the septum was noted in 19 patients (36%) and of basal segments in 26 patients (49%). An average of 2.7 (out of seven) segments per patient were dyskinetic or akinetic. Thus multivessel disease, markedly reduced ejection fraction, and severe and extensive regional wall motion abnormalities are generally present. These findings have pathophysiologic as well as clinical and therapeutic implications. The nautral history of these patients as well as the results of therapy should be related to the underlying coronary anatomy and left ventricular function.